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What happened in history on this day: October 2?
On October 2 in ...
- 1187 - Sultan Saladin captures Jerusalem from the Crusaders.
- 1264 - Pope Urban IV (1261-64), dies (birth date unknown).
- 1535 - Jacques Cartier discovers Mount Royal (Montreal, Quebec).
- 1608 - Hans Lippershey offers Dutch gov't a new invention, the telescope.
- 1608 - Prototype of modern reflecting telescope completed by Jan Lippershey.
- 1678 - General Wu San-kuei invited Manchus in China, dies trying to expell them.
- 1745 - Birth of Robert Scot in Scotland; engraver (US Mint).
- 1780 - John Andre, British major, hanged by Americans at age 30 (spied with Benedict Arnold).
- 1792 - Baptist Missionary Society forms in London, England.
- 1800 - Birth of Nat Turner in Virginia, USA; leader of major slave rebellion.
- 1851 - Birth of Ferdinand Foch; believed to be responsible for Allies winning WW I.
- 1853 - Austrian law forbids Jews from owning land.
- 1869 - Birth of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi AKA Mahatma Gandhi in Porbandar Kathiawad, India; pacifist.
- 1870 - Italy annexes Rome and the Papal States; Rome made Italian capital.
- 1871 - Birth of Cordell Hull; US Secretary of State (1933-44), lowered tariffs (Nobel Prize 1945).
- 1879 - Birth of Wallace Stevens in Reading, Pennsylvania, USA; poet (Ideas of Order).
- 1885 - Birth of Ruth Bryan Rohde; American politician (Republican), minister to Denmark.
- 1890 - Birth of Julius Marx AKA Groucho Marx in New York City, New York, USA; comedian (Marx Bros, You Bet Your Life) (dies 1977).
- 1891 - Birth of H V Porter; basketball pioneer, created fan-shaped backboard.
- 1895 - Birth of Bud Abbott in Asbury Park, New Jersey, USA; comedian (Abbott and Costello) (dies 1974).
- 1904 - Birth of Graham Greene in England; prolific novelist (Brighton Rock) (dies 1991).
- 1904 - German General Lothar von Trotha issues an order for all Herero tribe members in German South West Africa to be shot.
- 1909 - Birth of Alex Raymond in New Rochelle, New York, USA; comic strip artist (Tillie the Toiler, Tim Tyler's Luck, Blondie, Secret Agent X-9, Flash Gordon, Jungle Jim, Rip Kirby).
- 1910 - First two-aircraft collision (in Milan, Italy).
- 1914 - Birth of Charles Ruppert AKA Charles Drake in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Air Force, Glenn Miller Story).
- 1916 - Grover Cleveland Alexander records his 16th shutout of the year.
- 1919 - US President Woodrow Wilson suffers a stroke.
- 1920 - Cincinnati Reds beat Pittsburgh Pirates two games out of three in a tripleheader.
- 1921 - Birth of Robert Runcie; archbishop of Canterbury.
- 1925 - John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.
- 1926 - Bert Gibb of Hamilton Tigers kicks 9 singles in a NFL football game.
- 1928 - Birth of Clay Felker in Saint Louis, Illinois, USA; journalist (New York Herald Tribune, Esquire).
- 1928 - Birth of George "Spanky" McFarland; actor (Little Rascals).
- 1929 - Birth of Moses Gunn in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; actor (Amityville II, Good Times, Shaft).
- 1931 - Pope Pius XI encyclical "On the economic crisis".
- 1932 - Birth of Maury Wills; baseball shortstop (Los Angeles Dodgers, National League Most Valuable Player 1962).
- 1932 - New York Yankees sweep Chicago Cubs in 29th World Series.
- 1932 - Boston Braves play first NFL game, lose 14-0.
- 1933 - Counter-revolution begins in Cuba.
- 1935 - Italy invades Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
- 1935 - New York Hayden Planetarium, the fourth in the US, opens.
- 1936 - First alcohol power plant established, Atchison, Kansas.
- 1936 - Tony Lazzeri becomes the first New York Yankees' player to hit a World Series (World Series #33) grand slam.
- 1938 - Birth of Rex Reed in Fort Worth, Texas, USA; movie critic/actor (Myra Breckinridge).
- 1938 - Cleveland Indians' Bob Feller strikes out 18 Detroit Tigers' players.
- 1938 - Detroit Tigers' Chester Laabs strikes out five times in a game.
- 1939 - Birth of Yuri N Glazkov; cosmonaut (Soyuz 24).
- 1940 - British liner Empress, loaded with refugees for Canada, is sunk.
- 1941 - Six Parisian synagogues are bombed.
- 1942 - Queen Mary liner slices cruiser Curacao in half, killing 338.
- 1942 - First self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction demonstrated, Chicago, Illinois.
- 1945 - Birth of Don McLean; singer/songwriter ("American Pie", "Vincent").
- 1945 - Birth of Neil Frances Tennant; rocker (Pet Shop Boy - "West End Girl").
- 1946 - The Dumont Network debuts the first TV soap opera, Faraway Hill.
- 1946 - Birth of Roger Jett in Maryland, USA; actor (Smithereens).
- 1947 - Revised International Telecommunication Convention adopted.
- 1947 - Yogi Berra becomes first to pinch hit a World Series (World Series #44) homer.
- 1948 - Birth of Donna Karan in Forest Hills, New York, USA; fashion designer (Coty Award-1977).
- 1949 - Birth of Annie Leibovitz; photographer (The Rolling Stones).
- 1949 - Saint Louis Browns use nine pitchers, lose to Boston White Sox 4-3.
- 1949 - New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox, tied for first place, play the final game of the season. New York Yankees win 5-3 and clinch pennant #16.
- 1949 - NBC-TV begins airing TV's first situation comedy, The Aldrich Family.
- 1950 - Birth of Mike Rutherford; rocker (Genesis - "Against All Odds", Mike and the Mechanics).
- 1950 - Birth of Persis Khambatta in Bombay, India; actress (Star Trek, Megaforce).
- 1950 - Bob Shaw of the Chicago Cardinals sets NFL record with five touchdown catches.
- 1950 - Chicago Cardinals' Jim Hardy passes for six touchdowns versus Baltimore Colts (55-13).
- 1950 - The comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz first appears, in nine American newspapers.
- 1951 - Birth of Romina Power in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Justine).
- 1951 - Birth of Gordon "Sting" Sumner; rocker (Police - "Roxanne") / actor (Dune).
- 1952 - NBC-TV debuts the TV show This is Your Life, with host Ralph Edwards.
- 1952 - Birth of George Meegen in England; walked 19,019 miles from Argentina to Alaska.
- 1952 - Death of Hattie McDaniel at age 57 from breast cancer; actress (Mammy - Gone With The Wind (1939, supporting actress Oscar award), Amos and Andy radio show, Eddie Cantor radio show, Beulah radio show (1947-51), Beulah TV show (1950-52)).
- 1953 - Brooklyn Dodgers' Carl Erskine strikes out 14 New York Yankees in the 50th World Series.
- 1953 - CBS debuts the interview TV program Person to Person, with Edward R Murrow.
- 1954 - Birth of Lorraine Bracco; actress (Someone to Watch Over Me, Dream Team).
- 1954 - Former French possession of Chandernagore made part of West Bengal.
- 1954 - New York Giants sweep Cleveland Indians, in 51st World Series.
- 1955 - CBS debuts the Alfred Hitchcock Presents weekly suspense TV show.
- 1956 - First atomic power clock exhibited-New York City.
- 1957 - New York Yankees appear in their 26th World Series (World Series #54).
- 1957 - CBS TV begins airing The Armstrong Circle Theatre 60-minute TV show in the USA.
- 1958 - French Guinea gains independence from France as the Republic of Guinea.
- 1959 - CBS-TV debuts The Twilight Zone 30-minute TV series, hosted by Rod Serling.
- 1960 - Birth of Glenn Anderson in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; NHL hockey player (Edmonton Oilers).
- 1961 - NBC-TV debuts the 60-minute hospital TV drama show Ben Casey, starring Vince Edwards.
- 1961 - Birth of Phil Oakey; rocker (Human League - "Human").
- 1961 - Birth of Robbie Nevil; rocker (A Place Like This).
- 1962 - Birth of Esai Morales; actor (Bad Boys, La Bamba).
- 1962 - Death of Frank Lovejoy at age 50 after a heart attack; actor (Gangbusters radio show, Night Beat radio show, Mr. and Mrs. North radio show, Murder and Mr. Malone radio show, This is Your FBI radio show, The Blue Beetle radio show, Damon Runyon Theater radio show, Man Against Crime TV show, Meet McGraw TV show).
- 1962 - San Francisco and Los Angeles play a 4-hour, 18-minute nine-inning game.
- 1962 - ABC debuts the the World War II TV drama show Combat, starring Vic Morrow.
- 1964 - Philadelphia Phillies tie major league record with season's third triple play (Cincinnati Reds).
- 1965 - Birth of Jill Powell in Jacksonville, Florida, USA; actress (Marcy - As the World Turns).
- 1965 - Philadelphia Phillies' Chris Short strikes-out 18 New York Mets.
- 1966 - Two perfect game pitchers face each other (Bunning versus Koufax).
- 1967 - Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as justice of the United States Supreme Court.
- 1968 - Bob Gibson sets a World Series record of 17 strikeouts (World Series #65).
- 1969 - Seattle Pilots play last game in Seattle, Washington, defeated by the Oakland Athletics' 3-1 for their 98th loss of year. The American League's newest franchise attracts only 677, 944 fans for the season and will play in Milwaukee as the Brewers next season.
- 1970 - Billy Martin named manager of the Detroit Tigers.
- 1970 - Birth of Kelly Ripa; actress (Hayley Vaughan - All My Children).
- 1970 - Plane carrying Wichita State University football team crashes killing 30.
- 1971 - Birth of Tiffany AKA Renee Darwich in Norwalk, California, USA; singer ("I Think We're Alone Now").
- 1971 - Homing pigeon averages 133 KPH (record) in 1100-km Australian race.
- 1971 - TV show Soul Train premieres in syndication.
- 1972 - Aeroflot Il-18 crashes near Black Sea resort of Sochi, kills 105.
- 1972 - Montreal Expos' Bill Stoneman pitches second no-hitter, beats New York Mets, 7-0.
- 1972 - Ron Johnson becomes first New York Giants' player to score four touchdowns (vs Philadelphia Eagles).
- 1973 - Paavo "Flying Finn" Nurmi, who won six Olympic gold medals, dies.
- 1973 - Paul Hartman, actor (Bert - Petticoat Junction), dies at age 68.
- 1973 - The National Broadcasting Company airs the first regular episode of The Magician on TV in the USA. Episode title is "The Manhunter".
- 1978 - The New York Yankees defeat the Boston Red Sox 5-4 at Fenway Park to clinch the American League East after being 14 games out of first place only two months earlier.
- 1980 - Michael Myers (Democrat-Pennsylvania), is first representative expelled in over 100 years (ABSCAM).
- 1980 - Larry Holmes retains WBC heavweight title defeating Muhammad Ali.
- 1983 - The 10th season of CBS-TV show The Jeffersons begins.
- 1983 - Neil Kinnock is elected leader of the British Labour Party.
- 1984 - Three cosmonauts return after a record 237 days in orbit.
- 1984 - Richard Miller becomes first (former) FBI agent charged with espionage.
- 1985 - Death of George Savalas at age 58; American actor (Kojak).
- 1985 - Death of Rock Hudson AKA Roy Harold Scherer Junior at age 59 of complications from AIDS; actor (McMillan and Wife TV show).
- 1985 - Sidney Clute, actor (Lou Grant, Cagney and Lacey), dies at age 69.
- 1986 - Sikhs attempt to assassinate Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.
- 1987 - In Peru, a magnitude 5.4 earthquake occurs.
- 1987 - Death of Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1915).
- 1990 - Radio Berlin International's final transmission (links to Deutsche Welles of Federal Republic of Germany); final song is "The End" by the Doors.
- 1990 - US Senate votes 90-9 to confirm David Souter to the Supreme Court.
- 1991 - Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton announces he will seek the 1992 Democratic nomination for President of the United States.
- 1994 - Panamanian registered tanker Cercal strikes a rock on its way into Leixoes harbor, in the northern city of Oporto, Portugal, spilling about 2.3 million litres of crude into the sea.
- 1996 - The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
- 1996 - The former prime minister of Bulgaria, Andrei Lukanov, is assassinated.
- 1997 - United Kingdom scientists Moira Bruce and John Collinge, with their colleagues, independently show that the new variant form of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is the same disease as Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or "mad-cow disease".
- 2001 - Swissair goes bankrupt.
- 2002 - The Congress of the United States passes a joint resolution, which explicitly authorizes the President to use the United States Armed Forces as he deems necessary and appropriate, against Iraq.
- 2002 - The Beltway sniper attacks begin with five shootings in Montgomery County, Maryland.
- 2004 - American Samoa joins the North American Numbering Plan.
- 2005 - A shipwreck in Lake George, New York kills 20 people.
- 2006 - Charles Carl Roberts IV, a 32-year-old milk-truck driver, kills five female students at an Amish schoolhouse in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania before shooting himself.
- 2006 - Per Westerberg takes office as Speaker of the Riksdag in Sweden.
- 2007 - (to October 4) For only the second time, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun meets with North Korea's president King Jong Il, in Pyongyang. Several agreements are made.
- 2007 - Hong Kong's Hang Seng stock market index hits a new high above 28,000.
- 2007 - Los Ríos Region of Chile officially begins its functions as a new region.
- 2007 - Death of Dan Keating, Irish republican (born 1902).
- 2008 - The U.S. Senate votes 74-to-25 to endorse a revised US$700 billion bank bailout plan. It involves the Treasury buying bad loans from institutions. The plan, rejected by the House earlier, was revised to include a tax cut and extended federal protection for bank deposits.
- 2009 - The International Olympic Committee in Copenhagen votes 66-32 for the 2016 Olympic Games to be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, over Madrid, Spain. Chicago, Illinois was eliminated on the first ballot, and Tokyo, Japan was eliminated on the second ballot.
- 2009 - A 6.3-magnitude earthquake strikes south of Tonga in the Pacific Islands.
- 2009 - Ireland votes for a second time in a referendum on accepting the Lisbon Treaty, voting 67 percent in favor.
- 2010 - In Petarukan in Central Java, Indonesia, a train crashes into another parked at a railway station, killing at least 36 people and injuring dozens.
- 2014 - Death of György Lázár, Hungarian politician, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (born 1924).
- 2016 - A plebiscite is held in Colombia on the proposed peace deal with FARC guerrillas. The vote result is 50.2% to 49.8% to reject the deal.
- 2018 - Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is murdered inside the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, triggering a diplomatic crisis for Saudi Arabia.
- 2019 - 25 soldiers are killed and 60 missing following attacks on two army camps in Boulkessi and Mondoro, Mali.
- 2020 - US President Donald Trump announces he has tested positive for Covid-19.
- 2022 - Presidential election in Brazil: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 48%, Jair Bolsonaro 43%. Runoff election to be held October 30.
- 2022 - Death of Eamonn McCabe at age 74; photographer and picture editor (Observer, Guardian).
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