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What happened in history on this day: October 9?
On October 9 in ...
- 680 - Husain ibn 'Ali, Shi'i religious leader, enters martyrdom.
- 1000 - Leif Ericson becomes the first known European to walk in North America (lands in L'Anse aux Meadows, Canada).
- 1047 - Death of Suidiger (Pope Clement II), the second German pope; most noted for his efforts to eliminate the buying and selling of church offices; he convoked the council of Rome; only pope to be buried in Germany.
- 1253 - Grosseteste an English scholar, dies at age 78.
- 1446 - Korean Hangual alphabet devised.
- 1547 - Birth of Miguel de Cervantes novelist (Don Quixote).
- 1562 - Gabriel Fallopius Modena Italy, anatomist.
- 1604 - Supernova 1604 - the most recent supernova to be observed in the Milky Way - is seen with the naked eye for the first time.
- 1635 - Religious dissident Roger Williams banished from Mass Bay Colony.
- 1701 - Collegiate School of Ct (Yale U), chartered in New Haven.
- 1757 - Birth of Charles X reactionary king of France (1824-30); deposed.
- 1776 - Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.
- 1782 - Birth of Lewis Cass; Governor of Michigan.
- 1799 - British warship MHS Lutine sinks during a storm off the Dutch coast.
- 1820 - Guayaquil, Ecuador declares its freedom from Ecuador.
- 1835 - Birth of Camille Saint-Saëns in Paris, France; composer (Ode á Sainte Cécile).
- 1837 - Steamboat Home sinks off Okracoke, North Carolina killing 100.
- 1855 - Joshua Stoddard of Worcester, Massachusetts, USA patents first calliope.
- 1858 - The Franco-Japanese Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce is signed.
- 1859 - Birth of Alfred Dreyfus in Mulhouse, Alsace; French artillery officer, falsely convicted of spying for the Germans in 1894 (dies 1935).
- 1863 - Birth of Alexander Siloti in Kharkov, Russia; pianist/professor (Moscow Conservatory 1888-91).
- 1868 - Death of Howell Cobb, US Treasury Secretary.
- 1874 - Representatives of 21 countries sign the Treaty of the General Postal Union in Berne, Switzerland.
- 1876 - First two-way telephone conversation over outdoor wires.
- 1877 - American Humane Association organizes in Cleveland, Ohio.
- 1888 - Birth of Hank Patterson in Alabama, USA; actor (Gunsmoke, Fred Ziffel - Green Acres).
- 1888 - In the USA, the Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
- 1893 - "Chicago Day" at the World's Fair in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Attendance is 751,026, largest single-day attendance for any peace-time event in history.
- 1900 - Birth of Alastair Sims; actor (Christmas Carol, Stage Fright).
- 1903 - 11 inches rainfall in 24 hours in New York City, New York.
- 1903 - Birth of Walter O'Malley; team owner (Brooklyn Dodgers).
- 1904 - Birth of Wally Brown in Malden, Massachusetts, USA; actor (Jed Fame - Cimarron City).
- 1906 - Birth of Léopold Senghor; poet/president of Senegal (1960-80).
- 1907 - Birth of Klaes Karppinen in Finland; 4 X 10km relay (Olympic-gold-1936).
- 1908 - Birth of Jacques Tati in Pecq, France; director (Traffic, Playtime, My Uncle).
- 1908 - Birth of James E Folsom; American politician (Alabama-Governor, 1947-51, 1955-59).
- 1910 - Birth of Phil Hanna in River Forest, Illinois, USA; singer ("Once Upon a Tune").
- 1912 - Millie and Christine, Siamese twins, die at age 61.
- 1914 - Birth of Edward Andrews in Griffin, Georgia, USA; actor (Broadside, Harry - Supertrain).
- 1916 - Babe Ruth pitches and wins longest World Series game (14 innings) 2-1.
- 1917 - Birth of Kusuo Kitamura in Japan; 1500m freestyle swimmer (Olympic-gold-1932).
- 1918 - Birth of E Howard Hunt in Hamburg, New York, USA; involved in Watergate break-in.
- 1921 - Babe Ruth's first World Series homer; only Sunday game ever pitched by Carl Mays.
- 1923 - Birth of Donald Sinden in England; actor (Doctor at Large, Mogambo, Simba).
- 1924 - Birth of Robert Rushworth; pilot (X-15).
- 1925 - Birth of Robert Finch; actor (Academy Theater).
- 1927 - Birth of Daniele Delorme in Paris, France; actress (Pardon My Affair Too).
- 1928 - Birth of Einojuhani Rautavaara in Helsinki, Finland; composer (Kaivos).
- 1928 - New York Yankees sweep Saint Louis Cardinals in 25th World Series; Babe Ruth hits three home run in game - New York Yankees become first to sweep consecutive World Series.
- 1930 - Birth of David Rounds in Bronxville, New York, USA; actor (Terence - Beacon Hill).
- 1934 - While being driven through the streets of Marseilles, France, King Alexander of Yugoslavia is shot and killed by Georgief, an ethnic Bulgarian. The chauffeur is also killed, and the French Foreign Minister is wounded.
- 1934 - Saint Louis Cardinals beat Detroit Tigers, four games to three in 31st World Series of baseball.
- 1936 - Generators at Boulder Dam begin transmitting electricity from the Colorado River 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
- 1938 - Cleveland Browns and Chicago Bears play a penalty-free NFL game.
- 1938 - New York Yankees sweep Chicago Cubs in the 35th World Series, third straight World Series win.
- 1939 - Adolf Hitler issues a memorandum to senior commanders justifying a policy of full-scale attack on Britain and France, if possible, this autumn.
- 1939 - Adolf Hitler issues Directive No. 6 "for the Conduct of the War", ordering an offensive planned through Luxembourg, Belgium, and Holland, as soon as armored units are ready and favorable weather conditions allow. The purpose of the offensive is to defeat the French Army, gain territory in Holland, Belgium, and Northern France to serve as a base against England and protect the Ruhr area. Adolf Hitler fears a delay would lead to an invasion of Belgium and possibly Holland by Western forces.
- 1940 - Birth of Gordon Humphrey; American politician (Senator-Republican-New Hampshire).
- 1940 - Birth of Joe Pepitone; baseball player (New York Yankees first baseman).
- 1940 - Birth of John Lennon; rocker (The Beatles, "Imagine") (dies 1980).
- 1944 - Birth of John Entwistle; rocker (The Who - "Tommy").
- 1944 - Birth of Peter Tosh in Jamaica; reggae musician (Mystic Man, Mama Africa).
- 1944 - In Moscow, Russia, representatives of Great Britian and the Soviet Union meet over twelve days to discuss Balkan spheres of influence, Poland, and the Soviet entry into the war against Japan.
- 1944 - Saint Louis Cardinals beat Saint Louis Browns, four games to two in 41st World Series.
- 1945 - Birth of Jeannie C Riley in Texas, USA; singer (Harper Valley PTA, Hee Haw).
- 1946 - First electric blanket manufactured; sold for US$39.50.
- 1947 - First telephone conversation between a moving car and a plane.
- 1948 - Birth of Dave Samuels; vibraphonist (Spyro Gyra - "Morning Dance").
- 1948 - Birth of Jackson Browne in Germany; rocker ("Lawyers in Love").
- 1949 - Birth of Shep Messing in Israel; soccer goal tender (New York Cosmos).
- 1949 - New York Yankees beat Brooklyn Dodgers four games to one in 46th World Series.
- 1950 - Birth of Gary Frank in Spokane, Washington, USA; actor (Sons and Daughters, Family).
- 1951 - Birth of Richard Chaves; actor (Cease Fire, Predator).
- 1951 - Birth of Robert Wuhl in Union, New Jersey, USA; actor (Bull Durham, Good Morning Vietnam).
- 1951 - Gil McDougald's World Series grand slam helps New York Yankees beat New York Giants 13-1 (World Series #48).
- 1953 - CBS-TV debuts TV show Topper.
- 1954 - Birth of Scott Bakula; actor (Quantum Leap, Gung Ho).
- 1955 - Birth of Linwood Boomer in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; actor (Adam - Little House on the Prairie).
- 1955 - Birth of Steve Ovett in England; runner (Olympics-800m gold, 1500m bronze-1980).
- 1958 - Birth of Michael Paré in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Greatest American Hero, Houston Knights).
- 1958 - New York Yankees beat Milwaukee Braves 4 games to 3 in 55th World Series - Yankees appear in 9 and win 7 of last ten World Series.
- 1958 - Pope Pius XII dies, 19 years after elevation to the papacy.
- 1959 - Birth of Mike Singletary; NFL middle linebacker (Chicago Bears).
- 1960 - Dallas Cowboys' quarterback Eddie LeBaron throws shortest touchdown pass (2 inches).
- 1960 - Howard Glenn, New York Titans' player, dies of injuries sustained in the day's game.
- 1961 - Birth of Arlene Boxhall in Zimbabwe; field hockey (Olympic-gold-1980).
- 1961 - Birth of Jean Sagal in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Kate - Double Trouble, Grease 2).
- 1961 - Birth of Liz Sagal in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Allison - Double Trouble, Grease 2).
- 1961 - New York Yankees beat Cincinnati Reds, four games to one in 58th World Series.
- 1961 - Tanganyika becomes independent within the British Commonwealth.
- 1961 - Volcano of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic erupts for the first time since the island has been known, forcing complete evacuation.
- 1961 - New York Yankees' Whitey Ford breaks Babe Ruth's record of 29 2/3 consecutive innings.
- 1962 - Lulu McConnell, comediene (It Pays to be Ignorant), dies at age 80.
- 1962 - Uganda gains its independence.
- 1963 - Uganda becomes a republic within the British Commonwealth.
- 1965 - The Beatles' "Yesterday" single goes #1 and stays #1 for four weeks.
- 1966 - Baltimore Orioles win Major League Baseball's Fall Classic, 4 games to 0 against the Los Angeles Dodgers, winning the final game 1-0 with a home run by Frank Robinson.
- 1967 - Birth of Carling Bassett-Seguso in Canada; tennis player/actress (Spring Fever).
- 1967 - In a schoolhouse in La Higuera, Bolivia, soldier Mario Terán Salazar executes the captured guerilla leader Che Guavara.
- 1968 - Government seizes oil fields in Peru.
- 1970 - Khmer Republic (Cambodia) declares independence.
- 1972 - Death of Miriam Hopkins at age 69 of a heart attack; actress (The Outer Limits, Route 66, Studio One, Lux Video Theatre, The Flying Nun).
- 1973 - (early) Syrians capture Booster Ridge in the Golan Heights, but Israelis quickly recapture it, decimating two battalions of Assad Republican Guard.
- 1973 - Syrians withdraw in the Golan Heights, leaving 260 wrecked tanks, 500 armored personnel carriers, and other vehicles on the battlefield.
- 1973 - Elvis and Priscilla Presley divorce after six years.
- 1973 - Golden State Warriors-Cleveland Cavaliers game in Cleveland postponed because of wet floors.
- 1974 - Washington Capitals first NHL game, losing 6-3 to New York Rangers at Madison Square Gardens.
- 1974 - Death of Oscar Schindler who outwitted the Germans and saved more Jews from the gas chambers than any other during World War II.
- 1975 - Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov wins Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1976 - New York Yankees' first American League Championship game, beating Kansas City Royals 4-1.
- 1977 - Soyuz 25 is launched to Salyut 6, but returns after failing to dock.
- 1978 - Birth of Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife).
- 1979 - Lesotho recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- 1979 - Peter Brock wins the Bathurst 1000 by a record 6 laps, with a lap record on the last lap.
- 1980 - Princess Caroline of Monaco divorces Philippe Junot.
- 1980 - First consumer use of home banking by computer, in Knoxville, Tennessee.
- 1982 - Death of Anna Freud in London, England (born in Vienna, Austria), youngest daughter of Sigmund Freud, elementary school teacher, founder of child psychoanalysis.
- 1983 - Rangoon, Burma, bomb blast kills 16 South Koreans, including four cabinet ministers, including Foreign Minister Lee Bum Suk.
- 1986 - News Corporation completes its acquisition of the Metromedia group of companies, thereby launching Fox Broadcasting Company.
- 1986 - Gilbert Perreault of the Buffalo Sabres becomes 12th NHL player to score 500 goals.
- 1986 - US Senate convicts US District Judge Harry E Claiborne making him the fifth federal official to be removed from office through impeachment.
- 1986 - FOX network debuts Joan Rivers hosting The Late Show.
- 1987 - Death of William Parry Murphy, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1892).
- 1988 - The NBC TV network begins airing The Magical World of Disney on Sunday nights.
- 1988 - Dennis Eckersley is first to save all four games in a championship series.
- 1988 - Edward Chodorov, playwright/director (Louis Pasteur), dies at age 84.
- 1988 - Felix Wankel, developer of the Wankel rotary engine, dies in Lindau, Germany.
- 1989 - First NFL game coached by a black man (Art Shell), his Los Angeles Raiders beat New York Jets 14-7 on Monday Night Football.
- 1989 - Penthouse Magazine hebrew edition hits the newstands.
- 1989 - In Leipzig, German Democratic Republic, protesters demand the legalization of opposition groups and democratic reforms.
- 1989 - An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
- 1990 - Radio stations around the world play "Imagine" honoring John Lennon.
- 1990 - Leonard Bernstein announces his retirement from conducting. Unbeknownst to anyone other than himself and his doctors, he is fatally ill.
- 1990 - Saddam Hussein threatens to hit Israel with a new missile.
- 1992 - A 13-kilogram (29-pound) meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu (pierces trunk and floor).
- 1992 - Willy Brandt (born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm) dies in Unkel, Germany; mayor of West Berlin (1957-66), foreign minister and vice-chancellor (1966-69), chancellor (1969-74), Nobel Prize for Peace in 1971.
- 1993 - Greek tanker Iliad runs aground off Spaktiria island, creating an oil slick 4.8km long killing wildlife and destroying fish farms.
- 1995 - An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
- 1995 - The CBS TV network airs the last episode of If Not For You.
- 1995 - Near the coast of Jalisco, Mexico, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake occurs. At least 49 people killed, 100 injured, nearly 1,000 homeless and extensive damage in the states of Colima and Jalisco. Felt by people in high-rise buildings as far as Dallas and Houston, Texas and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
- 1995 - Death of Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1903).
- 1999 - Death of Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani pioneer in microcredit and microfinance (born 1914).
- 2000 - Death of Patrick Anthony Porteous, Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross (born 1918).
- 2000 - CBS airs the 100th episode of Everybody Loves Raymond TV show.
- 2001 - The 2001 anthrax attacks continue as anthrax letters are mailed from Princeton, New Jersey, to U.S. Senators Tom Daschle of South Dakota and Patrick Leahy of Vermont.
- 2002 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches a low of 7,286.27, its lowest close since October 1997.
- 2003 - The Mission: Space attraction opens in Epcot at Walt Disney World in Florida. The attraction cost US$150 million to build.
- 2004 - Queen Elizabeth II opens the new Scottish Parliament Building in a ceremony in Edinburgh.
- 2004 - Incumbent Prime Minister of Australia John Howard leads the Liberal-National coalition to victory over the Labor Party led by Mark Latham in federal elections.
- 2004 - Direct elections for president are held for the first time in Afghanistan. Interim president Hamid Karzai is eventually declared the winner.
- 2005 - Polish presidential election: the first round results in a runoff between top candidates Donald Tusk and Lech Kaczynski.
- 2005 - Clemens August Graf von Galen (1878-1946) is beatified by Pope Benedict XVI. Von Galen was the Bishop of Münster during the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler. He openly opposed policies of the Germans as an affront to human dignity.
- 2006 - North Korea claims to have conducted its first ever nuclear test.
- 2007 - SAB Miller and Molson Coors announce a joint venture, MillerCoors, to better compete with Anheuser-Busch in the US market.
- 2007 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at a high of 14,164.53.
- 2007 - Death of Carol Bruce at age 87 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; actress (Lillian Carlson - WKRP in Cincinnati, General Hospital, Knot's Landing).
- 2008 - Following a major banking and financial crisis in Iceland, the Icelandic Financial Supervisory Authority takes control of the three largest banks in the country: Kaupthing Bank, Landsbanki, and Glitnir.
- 2008 - General Motors Corp share price drops to US$4.65, its lowest level since 1950. Market capitalization drops to US$2.6 billion, lower than its value of about $4 billion in March 1929.
- 2008 - Mexican retailer Comercial Mexicana files for creditor protection after losing US$4 billion on derivatives contracts.
- 2008 - Canada's TSX composite index closes down 456 points at 9,600, a 4.5 percent decline. In New York, the Dow Jones loses 679 points or 7.3 percent, while the Nasdaq sheds 95 points or 5.5 percent.
- 2009 - In Pakistani city of Peshawar, a vehicle loaded with explosives is detonated in a crowded bazaar, killing st least 49 people, injuring over 100.
- 2009 - NASA intentionally crashes two unmanned spacecraft into the Moon in an attempt to detect water-ice.
- 2011 - The NHL hockey team the Winnipeg Jets returns to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, from Arizona.
- 2012 - Sincona AG conducts an auction of coins from the Sincona Collection. Some highlights:
- Russia 1740 silver pattern ruble, one of five known: 3.6 million Swiss francs (US$3.86 million), a record price for a Russian coin;
- Russia 1836 Family Ruble 1.5-ruble coin, finest known: 600,000 Swiss francs (US$643,149);
- Russia 1760 Saint Petersburg Mint pattern ruble: 450,000 Swiss francs (US$482,362);
- Russia 1704 Red Mint silver ruble, one of possibly three known: 750,000 Swiss francs (US$803,936);
- 2013 - Death of Wilfried Martens, 60th and 62nd Prime Minister of Belgium (born 1936).
- 2017 - Death of Armando Calderón Sol, 41st President of El Salvador (born 1948).
- 2017 - Death of József Tóth, Hungarian footballer (born 1929).
- 2019 - University of California, Berkeley, cancels classes due to lack of electricity.
- 2019 - President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey announces a military invasion of north-eastern Syria, targeting the SDF and other Kurdish militias.
- 2021 - Sebastian Kurz announces his resignation as Chancellor of Austria as a result of a corruption probe launched against him.
- 2021 - Death of Abolhassan Banisadr, 1st President of Iran (born 1933).
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