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What happened in history on this day: October 13?
On October 13 in ...
- 54 - Claudius, Roman Emperor, dies.
- 54 - Prince L Rwagasore of Burundi, murdered; Hero of the Nation Day.
- 1269 - Body of King Edward the Confessor is moved to ornate shrine in Westminster Abbey, England.
- 1307 - French King Philip moves against the Knights Templar, charging them with all forms of heresy. All Templars in France are to be placed under arrest, and all good seized. The operation had been sanctioned by the Vatican.
- 1399 - Henry of Bolingbroke is crowned King Henry IV of England.
- 1483 - Rabbi Issac Abarbanel starts his exegesis on the Bible.
- 1519 - Hernando Cortez, the Tlascalans, and the Zempoallans destroy the city of Cholula, killing about 6000 of the population of about 100,000.
- 1579 - Captain Francis Drake reaches the Philippines on westward circumnavigation of globe from England.
- 1601 - Tycho Brahe greatest naked-eye observer, dies in Prague.
- 1694 - Death of Baron Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf in Berlin; philosopher, developer of concept of "natural law" (Elementorum Jurisprudentiae Universalis Libri Duo, De Statu Imperii Germanici ad laelium Fratrem Dominum Trezolani Liber Unus (1667)), chair of natural law (University of Heidelberg, University of Lund), historiographer to the elector of Brandenburg.
- 1769 - Birth of Horace H Hayden cofounded first dental college.
- 1775 - The Continental Congress orders construction of a naval fleet (establishment of the Continental Navy).
- 1790 - French writer Nicolas de Bonneville and priest Abbé Fauchet create secret society the Cercle Social.
- 1792 - President George Washington lays cornerstone of the Executive Mansion (White House).
- 1812 - Battle of Queenston Heights, Canada.
- 1812 - Death of Isaac Brock at Battle of Queenston Heights in Canada; major-general (1811-12) British Army, in command of military and civil government of Upper Canada.
- 1843 - B'nai B'rith founded in New York, USA.
- 1845 - Texas ratifies a state constitution.
- 1860 - First aerial photo taken in US (from a balloon), Boston, Massachusetts.
- 1885 - Birth of Harry Hershfield in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA; cartoonist (Can You Top This?).
- 1886 - Death of Mahlon Loomis in Terra Alta, West Virginia, USA; obtained patent for wireless technology (radio), first wireless telegrapher.
- 1889 - Birth of Douglass Dumbrille in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; actor (Mr Deeds Goes to Town).
- 1890 - Birth of Conrad Richter; writer (The Light in the Forest).
- 1891 - Birth of Irene Rich in Buffalo, New York, USA; actress (Beau Brummell, Champ).
- 1902 - Birth of Arna Bontemps in Louisiana, USA; black author (100 years of negro freedom).
- 1902 - Birth of Franco Giorgetti in Italy; cyclist (Olympic-gold-1920).
- 1903 - Pittsburgh Pirates beats Boston Americans 5 games to 3 in first World Series.
- 1911 - Birth of Ticker Freeman in Paterson, New Jersey, USA; pianist (Dinah Shore Show).
- 1912 - Birth of Kornél Lajos Weisz AKA Cornelius Louis Wilde AKA Cornel Wilde in Prievidza, Hungary; actor (High Sierra, The Fifth Musketeer).
- 1912 - Birth of Hugo Weisgall in Ivancice, Moravia; composer (Four Impressions).
- 1914 - Boston Braves sweep Philadelphia Athletics, first sweep in World Series history (World Series #11).
- 1915 - Boston Red Sox beat Philadelphia Phillies, four games to one in 12th World Series.
- 1917 - Birth of Burr Tillstrom in Chicago, Illinois, USA; puppeteer (Kukla, Fran and Ollie).
- 1917 - Birth of Laraine Day in Roosevelt, Utah, USA; actress (Dr Kildare, I've Got a Secret).
- 1919 - Race riot at Elaine, Arkansas.
- 1920 - Birth of Albert Hague in Berlin, Germany; actor (Mr Shorofsky - Fame).
- 1920 - Birth of Nipsey Russell in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; comedian (Car 54, Barefoot in the Park).
- 1921 - Birth of Harper MacKay in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; orchestra leader (NBC Follies).
- 1921 - Birth of Yves Montand in France; actor/singer (Z, Napoleon, Grand Prix).
- 1921 - New York Giants beat New York Yankees, five games to three in 18th World Series.
- 1922 - Birth of Alan Scott in Haddonfield, New Jersey, USA; TV host/songwriter (Spin the Picture).
- 1924 - Birth of Terry Gibbs in Brooklyn, New York, USA; orchestra leader (Steve Allen Comedy Hour).
- 1925 - Birth of Frank Gilroy; American writer (Subject Was Roses).
- 1925 - Birth of Lenny Bruce; comedian, arrested on obscenity charges.
- 1925 - Birth of Margaret Thatcher; (Tory) British Prime Minister (1979-90), Iron Lady.
- 1927 - Birth of Anita Kerr in Memphis, Tennessee, USA; singer (Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour).
- 1931 - Birth of Ed Matthews; American baseball player, Hall of Fame/Milwaukee Braves/home run hitter (512) (dies 2001).
- 1936 - Birth of Jim McMullan in Long Beach, New York, USA; actor, starred in hundreds of films and TV shows. Films include The Incredible Shrinking Woman, Downhill Racer and The Assassination. Guest actor on McGyver, Doogie Howser, The Six Millon Dollar Man, Hart to Hart, The A-Team, 9 to 5 and Bay Watch.
- 1936 - Birth of Cliff Gorman in Jamaica, New York, USA; actor (Boys in the Band, Angel).
- 1937 - The German Government pledges to respect the neutrality and territorial integrity of Belgium.
- 1939 - Birth of Melinda Dillon in Hope, Arkansas, USA; actress (Close Encounters, Slap Shot).
- 1942 - Birth of Pamela Tiffin in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; actress (Viva Max!).
- 1942 - Birth of Paul Simon in Newark, New Jersey, USA; singer/actor ("Kodachrome", "One Trick Pony").
- 1943 - Italy declares war on Germany.
- 1944 - US 1st Army begins battle of Aachen.
- 1946 - Birth of Demond Wilson in Valdosta, Georgia, USA; actor (Sanford and Son, Baby I'm Back).
- 1946 - Birth of Lacy J Dalton; country singer ("Blue Eyed Blues").
- 1947 - WBKB-TV premieres the Kukla, Fran, and Ollie 15-minute puppet children's TV show.
- 1947 - NHL All Star Game - All Stars beat Toronto Maple Leafs.
- 1948 - Birth of Leona Mitchell in Enid, Oklahoma, USA; soprano (Musetta-La Bohéme).
- 1949 - Birth of Sammy Hagar; singer-musician ("I Can't Drive 55", Van Halen - "Love Comes Walking In").
- 1953 - Burglar alarm-ultrasonic or radio waves-patented by Samuel Bagno.
- 1957 - German Democratic Republic recalls the East Mark and issues new currency.
- 1959 - Birth of Marie Osmond in Ogden, Utah, USA; singer/actress (Paper Roses, Goin' Coconuts).
- 1959 - In Hamlet, Indiana, USA a building is hit by a falling meteorite.
- 1960 - Third US presidential debate with Richard Nixon in Hollywood and John Kennedy in New York.
- 1960 - Birth of Joey Belladonna; heavy metal vocalist (Anthrax - "Protest and Survive").
- 1960 - Pittsburgh Pirates' Mazeroski's bottom of 9th lead off home run beats New York Yankees 10-9 in game 7 of 57th World Series.
- 1961 - Birth of Jerry Rice; NFL receiver (San Francisco 49ers).
- 1962 - At the Riverside International Raceway in California, the Los Angeles Times Three-Hour Invitational Grand Prix race is held. 1963 model production Corvettes make their racing debut, as does the Ford-powered Cobra. Finishing 1st overall is the Mickey Thompson #119 black Corvette Z06, driven by Doug Hooper. He averages 84-mph over the 250-mile course. The 260-ci Cobra leads by about one mile after one hour of racing when its rear suspension fails.
- 1962 - Birth of Kelly Preston in Hawaii, USA; actress (Mischief, Twins, A Tiger's Tale).
- 1963 - The Beatles appear at the Palladium theater in London, and make their first appearance on a major TV show, for the BBC. The term "Beatlemania" is coined.
- 1964 - Voskhod 1 crew returns.
- 1965 - Birth of Cherelle; rocker (Affair - "First Bite").
- 1969 - Birth of Cady McClain in Burbank, California, USA; actress (Dixie Martin - All My Children).
- 1969 - Soyuz 8 is launched.
- 1969 - US President Richard Nixon puts America's nuclear forces on high alert.
- 1971 - First baseball World Series night game (Pittsburgh Pirates 4 - Baltimore Orioles 3) (World Series #68).
- 1972 - Aeroflot Il-62 crashes in large pond outside Moscow, Russia, 176 die.
- 1972 - Uruguay to Chile plane crashes in Andes Mountain, (December 23rd rescue).
- 1974 - Ed Sullivan, TV host (The Ed Sullivan Show), dies at age 73.
- 1977 - Palestinian terrorists hijack the Lufthansa plane, Landshut.
- 1978 - Tiros N, America's first third-generation weather satellite, is launched.
- 1979 - Death of Clarence Muse at age 90, American actor (Sam - Casablanca) (born 1889).
- 1981 - James Tobin wins the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
- 1982 - The Ford Sierra automobile is launched in Europe. It replaces the Ford Cortina.
- 1982 - International Olympic Committee restores two gold medals from 1912 Olympics to Jim Thorpe.
- 1982 - New Jersey Devils first short handed goal-Don Lever.
- 1984 - Chicago Blackhawks' Bill Gardner scores on 10th penalty shot against New York Islanders.
- 1984 - John Henry becomes first thoroughbred to win US$6 million.
- 1984 - STS 41-G mission lands at Kennedy Space Center.
- 1985 - In Tajik SSR, a magnitude 5.9 earthquake occurs. At least 29 people killed, 80 injured and about 8,000 homeless in the Kayrakkum-Gafurov area.
- 1986 - 25th New York, National League appearance in World Series (New York Mets versus Oakland Athletics) (World Series #83).
- 1987 - First military use of trained dolphins (US Navy in Persian Gulf).
- 1987 - Costa Rican President Oscar Arias wins Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1987 - Death of Walter Brattain, American physicist (co-inventor of transistor), Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902).
- 1988 - Concert at Masada ends Israel's 40th-anniversary fest.
- 1988 - Mike Venezia, jockey, dies in 5th-race fall at Belmont Race Track, New York.
- 1989 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunges 190.58 points, or 6.91 percent, to close at 2,569.26 most likely after the junk bond market collapses. This mini-crash becomes known as the Friday the 13th mini-crash.
- 1989 - TriStar releases the film Look Who's Talking to theaters.
- 1990 - Syrian military forces invade and occupy Mount Lebanon, ousting General Michel Aoun's government. This effectively consolidates Syria's 14-year occupation of Lebanese soil.
- 1990 - Death of Le Duc Tho, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (born 1911).
- 1990 - Death of Douglas Edwards at age 73; broadcast newsman (CBS radio, CBS TV network newscast (1948-1962)).
- 1991 - Toronto Blue Jays' Cito Gaston is first manager ejected in a playoff game.
- 1993 - The Philadelphia Phillies win the National League pennant by beating the Atlanta Braves in Game six of the NLCS, 6-3.
- 1993 - In eastern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, a magnitude 6.9 earthquake occurs. Sixty people killed and several injured in the Upper Markham Valley.
- 1993 - Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as Prime Minister of Greece.
- 1999 - The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
- 1999 - Death of Van Arsdale France in Newport Beach, California; trained Disneyland employees, established Disney University, created Backstage Disneyland magazine for cast members, established Disneyland Alumni Club, retired 1978, named Disney Legend in 1994.
- 2002 - Death of Dennis Patrick AKA Dennis Patrick Harrison at age 84 in a house fire; actor (Laramie, Somerset, Dallas, Rituals, War and Remembrance, Dark Shadows).
- 2003 - Death of Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1918).
- 2005 - Veselin Topalov wins the FIDE World Chess Championship 2005.
- 2006 - Ban Ki-moon (of South Korea) is elected as the new Secretary-General of the United Nations.
- 2006 - 38 Muslim scholars create a statement appealing for a strategic dialog with Christian leaders, mainly the Pope.
- 2007 - 138 Muslim scholars create a statement appealing for a strategic dialog with Christian leaders.
- 2007 - Local Government Elections are held in New Zealand.
- 2007 - Death of Bob Denard, French mercenary in Africa since 1961, leader of four coups in the Comoros between 1975 and 1995, at age 78 (born 1929).
- 2008 - Britain, Germany, France and other European countries pledge more than 1 trillion euros (US$1.36 trillion) for bank guarantees and equity stakes.
- 2008 - Iceland shut downs its stock market and abandons attempts to defend its currency, and requests financing from the International Monetary Fund.
- 2008 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average rebounds 936.42 points, nearly doubling the largest daily point gain in history, bringing the index back above 9,000 points. Stocks worldwide add more than US$1.7 trillion in value, based on a record 9.3 percent gain in the MSCI world equity index.
- 2008 - Death of Frank "Lefty" Rosenthal, gambler and ganster, at age 79 in Miami, Florida, USA.
- 2008 - Death of Antonio José González Zumárraga, Ecuadorian cardinal (born 1925).
- 2010 - Thirty-three miners near Copiapó, Chile, trapped 700 metres underground in a mining accident in San José Mine, are brought back to the surface after surviving for a record 69 days.
- 2016 - The Maldives announces its decision to withdraw from the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 2017 - Death of William Lombardy, American chess grandmaster (born 1937).
- 2017 - Death of Albert Zafy, 3rd President of Madagascar (born 1927).
- 2019 - Poland parliament elections. Law and Justice party wins 235 of 460 seats.
- 2019 - Turkey parliament election: new president is Kais Saied.
- 2021 - Blue Origin New Shepard capsule blasts off with William Shatner aboard. Oldest person into space, age 90.
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