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What happened in history on this day: October 15?
On October 15 in ...
- 1243 - Death of St. Hedwig von Schliesen (born 1174 in Bavaria); she dedicated herself to the spread of Christianity, care for the poor and sick and the founding of womens' monasteries.
- 1520 - King Henry VIII of England orders bowling lanes at Whitehall.
- 1542 - Birth of Akbar Indian Mughal emperor (1556-1605).
- 1564 - Birth of Heinrich Julius near Wolfenbüttel, Germany; playwright (Von Vincentio Ladislao, Von einem Ungeratnen Sohn, Von einer Ehebrecherin).
- 1582 - Many Catholic countries switch to Gregorian calendar, skip past 10 days on old calendar. Under order of Pope Gregorius XIII, at the turn of centuries one day is added if the century is divisible by 400. The first day of the calendar is designated to be January 1.
- 1591 - Death of Pope Gregory XIV.
- 1641 - Paul de Chomedy de Maisonneuve claims Montreal.
- 1655 - Jews of Lublin are massacred.
- 1674 - Birth of Robert Herrick Massachusetts, British poet (Together).
- 1783 - Jean Pilâtre de Rozier makes captive-balloon ascent.
- 1785 - Birth of José Miguel Carrera; president of Chile (1811-14).
- 1797 - Foreign silver coins except Spanish milled dollars cease to be legal tender in the USA.
- 1829 - Birth of Asaph Hall; discovered satellites of Mars, Phobos and Deimos.
- 1831 - Birth of Helen Maria Hunt Jackson; author (Ramona).
- 1839 - Queen Victoria proposes marriage to Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who accepts.
- 1844 - Birth of Friedrich Nietzsche in Germany; philosopher/anti-semite (Ubermensch).
- 1851 - London's Great Exhibition closes.
- 1858 - Birth of John L Sullivan in Massachusetts, USA; heavyweight boxing champion (1882-92).
- 1878 - Edison Electric Light Company incorporates.
- 1880 - Köln cathedral is completed, 633 years after construction started.
- 1881 - First American fishing magazine, American Angler, is published.
- 1881 - Birth of P.G. Wodehouse; British-American writer (Stiff Upper Lip Jeeves).
- 1883 - US Supreme Court declares Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional.
- 1890 - Funny Cuts weekly comic paper first released by Alfred Gray, with full front-page strip cartoon.
- 1896 - Birth of Melville Cooper in Birmingham, England; TV panelist (I Got a Secret).
- 1900 - Birth of Fritz Feld; actor (Jack Benny Show, At the Circus).
- 1900 - Birth of Mervyn Le Roy; movie producer (Devil at Four O'Clock).
- 1902 - Birth of William Edmundson in Spokane, Washington, USA; vocalist (Southernaires).
- 1905 - Birth of C P Snow in England; novelist/scientist (Death Under Sail).
- 1907 - Birth of John Cardinal Dearden; US cardinal (1969-88).
- 1908 - Birth of John Kenneth Galbraith; writer (Affluent Society - 1958 Hillman Award).
- 1909 - Birth of Robert Trout in Wake County, North Carolina, USA; newscaster (ABC).
- 1910 - Stanley "Midnight Assassin" Ketchel, heavyweight boxing champ, is shot and killed.
- 1914 - ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is founded.
- 1914 - Clayton Antitrust Act is passed.
- 1917 - Birth of Jan Miner in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; actress (Madge - commercials for Palmolive Dishwashing Detergent).
- 1917 - Birth of Arthur Schlesinger Junior; historian/author (1946 Pulitzer - Age of Jackson).
- 1917 - Birth of Jan Miner in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; actress (Crime Photographer).
- 1917 - Chicago White Sox beat New York Giants, four games to two in 14th World Series.
- 1917 - Mata Hari, Dutch dancer/German spy, executed by firing squad in Paris, France.
- 1919 - Fourteen horses begin 300-mile race from Vermont to Mass for $1000 prize money.
- 1921 - Birth of Mario Puzo; author (The Godfather).
- 1923 - New York Yankees' first World Series win beating New York Giants, 4 games to two (World Series #20).
- 1924 - Birth of Colin Romoff in New York City, New York, USA; orchestra leader (Andy Williams Show).
- 1924 - Birth of Lee A Iacocca; CEO (Chrysler Corp).
- 1924 - The Statue of Liberty is designated a US national monument.
- 1925 - Birth of Mickey Baker; singer (Mickey and Sylvia - "Love is Strange").
- 1925 - Pittsburgh Pirates beat Washington Senators, 4 games to 3 in 22nd World Series.
- 1926 - Birth of Evan Hunter [Ed McBain]; American writer (Blackboard Jungle).
- 1926 - Birth of Jean Peters; actress (Viva Zapata!, Apache, Deep Waters).
- 1929 - Birth of Art James in Dearborn, Michigan, USA; broadcaster, actor, host (Concentration, Say When, Pay Cards, Matches 'N' Mates, Catch Phrase, Blank Check).
- 1930 - Birth of Phillipe Leroy in Paris, France; actor (Night Porter, Leonardo da Vinci).
- 1931 - Birth of Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam; President of India.
- 1932 - Birth of Abby Dalton in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA; actress (Ellie - Joey Bishop Show, Falcon Crest).
- 1933 - Philadelphia Eagles play first NFL game, lose to New York Giants 56-0.
- 1934 - Birth of Peter Haskell in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; actor (Bracken's World, Rituals).
- 1935 - Birth of Barry McGuire in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; singer ("Eve of Destruction").
- 1935 - Birth of Bobby-Joe Morrow; American 100m/200m dash (Olympic-gold-1956).
- 1935 - NHL's Saint Louis Eagles team folds.
- 1937 - Birth of Linda Lavin in Portland, Maine, USA; actress (Alice, Barney Miller).
- 1939 - Birth of Carmelo Bossi in Italy; light middleweight boxer (Olympic-silver-1960).
- 1939 - LaGuardia Airport opens in New York City.
- 1942 - Birth of Don Stevenson; rock musician (Moby Grape).
- 1942 - Birth of Penny Marshall in the Bronx, New York, USA; actress (The Odd Couple, Laverne DeFazio - Laverne and Shirley).
- 1944 - Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya calls on the Hungarian Army to cease resistance to advancing Red Army. Hours later, he is forced to retract order, and transfers power as Head of State to Ferenc Szálasi.
- 1945 - Birth of Jim Palmer in New York City, New York, USA; Baltimore Orioles' pitcher/sportscaster/jockey underwear salesman.
- 1945 - Pierre Laval is executed (shot) in the courtyard of Fresnes prison, in France.
- 1946 - Birth of Richard Carpenter in New Haven, Connecticut, USA; singer-musician (Carpenters - "Close to You").
- 1946 - Enos Slaughter scores a run from first base on a single in the 43rd World Series.
- 1946 - Hermann Göring, German Reichmarshal, bites a glass cyanide capsule and kills himself in prison.
- 1946 - Saint Louis Cardinals beat Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in 43rd World Series.
- 1948 - Allies create the Combined Airlift Task Force, under US Major General William H. Turner, to increase the Berlin airlift opertion.
- 1949 - Administration of territory of Manipur taken over by Indian government.
- 1949 - Tripura accedes to the Indian union.
- 1951 - CBS premieres the I Love Lucy 30-minute comedy TV show, starring Lucille Ball.
- 1951 - Birth of Roscoe Tanner; tennis player (Wimbledon Finals 1979).
- 1953 - Birth of Tito Jackson; singer (The Jackson Five - "ABC", "Never Can Say Goodbye").
- 1953 - Birth of Larry Miller; Actor/comedian (8 Simple Rules, Buzz Lightyear, Dilbert).
- 1954 - Birth of Jere Burns; actor (Good Morning Miami, Dear John).
- 1955 - Birth of Tanya Roberts [Leigh] in the Bronx, New York, USA; actress (Charlie's Angels, Sheena, That 70's Show).
- 1955 - ABC first airs the Grand Ole Opry.
- 1958 - Birth of Jayne Modean in Hartford, Connecticut, USA; actress (Nurse Hooter - Trauma Center).
- 1958 - Death of John Hamilton at age 61 after a heart attack; actor (Perry White - Superman TV show).
- 1958 - Australian acquires Christmas Island from the United Kingdom for 2.9 million pounds.
- 1959 - ABC premieres the Untouchables 60-minute crime drama TV show.
- 1959 - Birth of Sarah Ferguson [Fergie], Duchess of York.
- 1959 - Birth of Emeril Lagasse; TV chef (Emeril Live).
- 1960 - CBS airs the 100th episode of TV show Perry Mason.
- 1962 - Birth of Mark Reznicek; rock drummer (The Toadies).
- 1962 - Byron R White appointed to the US Supreme Court.
- 1962 - U.S. intelligence personnel analyzing U-2 spy plane data discover that the Soviets are building medium-range missile sites in Cuba.
- 1964 - Death of Cole Porter at age 72 in Santa Monica, California, USA; songwriter-composer ("Night and Day", "Begin the Beguine", "Let's Do It", "I've Got You Under My Skin").
- 1964 - Craig Breedlove sets auto speed record of 846.97 kph.
- 1964 - Kosygin and Brezhnev replace Soviet premier Nikita Krushchev.
- 1964 - Saint Louis Cardinals beat New York Yankees, 4 games to 3 in 61st World Series.
- 1965 - Carl Hoff, orchestra leader (Music Hall), dies at age 60.
- 1965 - Los Angeles Dodgers and Sandy Koufax win 7th game of 62nd World Series versus Minnesota Twins.
- 1966 - Birth of Jeffrey Jacquet in Bay City, Texas, USA; actor (Mork and Mindy, Whiz Kids).
- 1966 - US President Lyndon Johnson signs a bill creating Department of Transportation.
- 1968 - Bea Benaderet of New York City, actress (Kate - Petticoat Junction), dies at age 62.
- 1969 - Birth of Paige Davis; host (Trading Spaces TV show).
- 1969 - Birth of Dominic West; actor (The Wire).
- 1969 - Madison Square Garden TV Network begins (New York Rangers vs Minnesota North Stars).
- 1969 - Baltimore Orioles' Earl Weaver becomes first manager ejected in a World Series (World Series #66).
- 1969 - Vietnam Moratorium Day; millions in US nationwide protest the war.
- 1970 - Baltimore Orioles beat Cincinnati Reds, four games to one in 67th World Series.
- 1973 - Israeli armored division under Major General Ariel Sharon breaches the Egyptian front, crosses the Suez Canal, and drives on to Cairo.
- 1973 - NBC TV debuts late-night show Tomorrow with host Tom Snyder.
- 1974 - National Guard mobilizes to restore order in Boston school bussing.
- 1977 - Arkansas Razorbacks' Steve Little kicks a record-tying 67-yard field goal.
- 1979 - First Monday night game from New York City, New York Jets beat Minnesota Vikings 14-7 (Shea Stadium).
- 1979 - In Imperial Valley, California, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake occurs.
- 1979 - New York Knicks retire second number, 10, Walt Frazier.
- 1979 - Black Monday events, in which members of a political group sack a newspaper office, unfold in Malta.
- 1980 - James Callaghan announces his resignation as Leader of the British Labour Party.
- 1980 - James Hoskins forces his way into WCPO's television studio in Cincinnati, holding nine employees hostage for several hours before releasing them and taking his own life.
- 1981 - The heavy metal band Metallica forms.
- 1981 - The New York Yankees shutout the Oakland Athletics 4-0 to capture their thirty-third American League pennant.
- 1981 - Death of Frank DeKova at age 71; actor (Chief Wild Eagle - F Troop).
- 1982 - The Garn - St Germain Depository Institutions Act deregulates the U.S. savings and loan industry.
- 1983 - Chicago Black Hawks and Toronto Maple Leafs combine for fastest five goals in NHL hockey (84 seconds).
- 1983 - Death of Pat O'Brien at age 83 of a heart attack; actor (Harrigan and Son TV show (1960)).
- 1983 - US Marine sharpshooters kill five snipers at Beirut International Airport, Lebanon.
- 1985 - Shelley Taylor of Australia makes fastest swim ever around Manhattan Island: 6:12:29.
- 1985 - US space shuttle Columbia carries Spacelab into orbit.
- 1986 - Birth of Lee Donghae, Korean singer (Super Junior).
- 1986 - Longest post-season game, New York Mets beat Houston Astros 7-6 in 16 innings and win National League pennant.
- 1986 - After being down three games to one in the American League Championship Series, the Boston Red Sox defeat the California Angels 8-1 to win the American League pennant.
- 1987 - US Treasury Secretary James Baker says the US may allow the dollar to drift lower versus other major currencies.
- 1987 - NFL Players Association orders an end to the 24-day strike.
- 1988 - Amnesty International's Global Concert Tour ends in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 1988 - NCAA record rushing yardage (768 yards-Oklahoma).
- 1988 - With two outs in bottom of 9th, an injured Kirk Gibson hits dramatic two run home run to gives Los Angeles Dodgers a 5-4 win in first game of 85th World Series.
- 1989 - Billy Graham is given the 1,900th star on Hollywood Boulevard.
- 1989 - South Africa president FW de Klerk frees Sisulu and four other political prisoners.
- 1989 - Wayne Gretsky passes Gordie Howe as NHL's all time top scorer.
- 1990 - Apple Computer unveils and ships the Macintosh Classic. It features an 8 MHz 68000 processor, integrated 9-inch monochrome monitor, and 3.5-inch floppy drive, for $1000. It replaces the Macintosh Plus and the Macintosh SE. Apple also releases the Macintosh LC (68020 processor), and the Macintosh IIsi (68030 processor).
- 1990 - Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to lessen Cold War tensions and reform his nation.
- 1991 - United States Senate votes 52-48 to confirm Judge Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 1992 - Birth of Vincent Martella; actor (Everybody Hates Chris TV show).
- 1992 - In Russia, Andrei Chikatilo is found guilty of 52 serial murders.
- 1992 - Special envoy from Russia gives Poland's president copies of documents authorizing the 1940 execution of 26,000 Polish servicemen, which had been denied by the Soviet Union for 50 years.
- 1994 - After three years of U.S. exile, Haiti's president Aristide returns to his country.
- 1994 - Following threats by the U.N. Security Council and the U.S., Iraq withdraws troops from its border with Kuwait.
- 1995 - The Carolina Panthers win their first-ever regular season game by defeating the New York Jets at Clemson Memorial Stadium in South Carolina.
- 1997 - Andy Green sets the first supersonic land speed record for the ThrustSSC team, led by Richard Noble of the United Kingdom. ThrustSSC goes through the flying mile course at Black Rock Desert, Nevada at an average speed of 1,227.985 km/h (763.035 mph).
- 1997 - NASA launches the Cassini-Huygens probe to Saturn.
- 1997 - The Cleveland Indians win their second pennant in three years defeating the Baltimore Orioles 1-0 to win the American League Championship Series in six games.
- 1997 - Near the coast of central Chile, a magnitude 7.1 earthquake occurs. 8 people killed, more than 300 people injured, 20,000 houses destroyed or damaged, numerous power and telephone outages, landslides and rockslides.
- 1997 - A tanker collides with an empty Very Large Crude Carrier ship off Singapore, leaking 29 million litres of oil, covering beaches of several islands.
- 1998 - American Airlines becomes the first airline to offer electronic ticketing in all 44 countries it serves.
- 1999 - A National Geographic Society press conference reveals the fossil of Archaeoraptor (which is later found to be a forgery).
- 1999 - Death of Terry Gilkyson at age 83 in Austin, Texas, USA; songwriter and musician (The Easy Riders - "Memories are Made of This", "Cry of the Wild Goose", "Marianne", "Greenfields", "Bear Necessities").
- 2000 - Death of Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1912).
- 2000 - Nintendo releases the Pokémon Gold and Pokémon Silver video games for the Game Boy Color in the USA. 1.4 million copies sell in the first week.
- 2001 - The Arizona Diamondbacks win the National League Division Series beating the Saint Louis Cardinals.
- 2001 - The New York Yankees beat the Oakland Athletics to win the American League Division Series.
- 2001 - NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.
- 2003 - China launches Shenzhou 5, their first manned space mission.
- 2003 - The 2003 Staten Island Ferry crash kills 11 after one of its ferries slams into a pier.
- 2005 - Birth of Prince Christian of Denmark, son of Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark and his wife Mary, Crown Princess of Denmark.
- 2005 - The referendum on the new Proposed Iraqi constitution is held.
- 2005 - A riot occurs in Toledo, Ohio during a Neo-Nazi rally on racial issues; 114 are arrested.
- 2005 - The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is completed.
- 2006 - In Hawaii, a magnitude 6.7 earthquake occurs. Power outages occur throughout the Hawaiian Islands. Damage estimated at US$73 million.
- 2006 - The United Nations agrees to sanction North Korea over nuclear testing issue.
- 2006 - Chief Justice of Japan Akira Machida retires upon reaching the age of 70.
- 2006 - Declaration of the etablishment of the Islamic State of Iraq.
- 2007 - Fox Television Stations Group launches the Fox Business Network television cable channel in the USA, to focus on financial markets and global economy news.
- 2007 - Drew Carey takes over as host for CBS TV's The Price Is Right replacing Bob Barker, who hosted the show for more than 35 years.
- 2007 - The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China takes place.
- 2007 - Sir Menzies Campbell resigns as leader of the British Liberal Democrats.
- 2008 - The US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, and the Swiss National Bank announce they will allow unlimited loans in US dollars.
- 2008 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average index falls 733 points (7.87 percent) to 8,577 points, its biggest percentage fall since October 1987. The United Kingdon's FTSE 100 falls 7.16 percent, Germany's Dax drops 6.49 percent, and France's Cac 40 loses 6.82 percent.
- 2008 - Thai and Cambodian troops fight an hour-long battle with small arms and rockets on a disputed stretch of border.
- 2008 - In the Barbados, 13 Caribbean countries sign approval of a new Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Union.
- 2008 - The Philadelphia Phillies advance to their first World Series in 15 years after winning the National League Championship Series with a 5-1 Game Five win over the Los Angeles Dodgers.
- 2008 - Death of Jack Narz at age 85 after two strokes; TV game show host/announcer (Beat the Clock, Concentration, Dotto).
- 2012 - Death of King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia, (born 1922).
- 2013 - Death of Rudolf Friedrich, member of the Swiss Federal Council (born 1923).
- 2016 - 150 nations meet at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) summit in Rwanda and agree to phase out hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) as an amendment to the Montreal Protocol.
- 2017 - Death of Choirul Huda, Indonesian footballer (born 1979).
- 2018 - Death of Paul Allen; American businessman, co-founder of Microsoft, founder of Stratolaunch Systems.
- 2020 - President of Kyrgyzstan Sooronbay Jeenbekov resigns from office after weeks of massive protests in the wake of the October 2020 parliamentary election; opposition leader Sadyr Japarov assumes office as both the acting president and Prime Minister.
- 2020 - The Government of Thailand declares a "severe" state of emergency, banning gatherings of five or more people, initiating a crackdown on demonstrations, and imposing media censorship.
- 2021 - Death of Madame Nguyen Van Thieu, First Lady of South Vietnam (born 1930) .
- 2023 - Death of Suzanne Somers at age 76 of breast cancer at home in Palm Springs, California; actor (Chrissy Snow - Three's Company TV show (1977-1981), She's the Sheriff TV show, Step by Step TV show (1991-1998)).
- 2023 - Death of Joanna Merlin at age 92 in Los Angeles, California; actor (Tzeitel - Fiddler on the Roof play), casting director.
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