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What happened in history on this day: October 18?
On October 18 in ...
- 707 - John VII ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
- 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem is destroyed, on orders from al-Hakim, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt.
- 1016 - Danes defeat Saxons at Battle of Assandun (Ashingdon).
- 1216 - King John of England dies of dysentery.
- 1648 - First US labor organization forms (Boston Shoemakers).
- 1676 - Nathaniel Bacon rallied against Virginian government, killed at age 29.
- 1685 - Louis XIV revokes Edict of Nantes, outlaws Protestantism.
- 1697 - Birth of Canaletto Venetian painter (Venicei A Regatta on Grand Canal).
- 1748 - Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, ends War of Austrian Succession.
- 1767 - Boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania, the Mason Dixon line, agreed upon.
- 1776 - Colonel John Glover and Marblehead regiment meet British Forces in Bronx.
- 1777 - Birth of Heinrich von Kleist in Germany; dramatist/poet (Penthesilea).
- 1785 - Birth of Thomas Love Peacock; English author (Headlong Hall).
- 1812 - Battle of Tarutino, Russian forces defeat Napoleon's troops under the command of Joachim Murat.
- 1826 - In England, the last state lottery draw is held.
- 1859 - Birth of Henri Bergson in France; philosopher (Creative Evolution - Nobel Prize 1927).
- 1862 - James Creighton dies of ruptured bladder from hitting home run on October 14th.
- 1862 - Morgan's raiders capture the federal garrison at Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
- 1867 - US takes formal possession of Alaska from Russia.
- 1873 - Columbia, Princeton, Rutgers, and Yale set rules for collegiate football.
- 1876 - Francis Preston Blair, newspaper editor (Washington Globe), dies at age 85.
- 1877 - Birth of Florence Dahl Walrath; humanitarian, founded Cradle society.
- 1878 - Birth of James Truslow Adams; historian (Founding of New England (Pulitzer Prize 1921)).
- 1892 - First commercial long-distance phone line opens (Chicago-New York).
- 1893 - Birth of Sidney Holland in New Zealand; Prime Minister of New Zealand (1949-57).
- 1898 - Spain formally cedes Puerto Rico to the USA.
- 1898 - Birth of Lotte Lenya in Vienna, Austria; actor/singer (Appointment, Semi-Tough).
- 1900 - Birth of Paul Irving in Quitman, Arkansas, USA; American innovator in aviation during World War II.
- 1902 - Birth of Miriam Hopkins in Bainbridge, Georgia, USA; actress (The Outer Limits, Route 66, Studio One, Lux Video Theatre, The Flying Nun).
- 1908 - Belgium annexes Congo Free State.
- 1909 - Comte de Lambert of France sets airplane altitude record of 300 metres.
- 1912 - Italo-Turkish war ends.
- 1912 - Greece declares war on Turkey.
- 1915 - Birth of Victor Sen Yung in San Francisco, California, USA; actor (Bonanza, Bachelor Family).
- 1918 - Birth of Bobby Troup in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA; pianist/actor (Emergency TV show, Acapulco).
- 1918 - NHL's Québec Bulldogs team is sold to Toronto, Ontario, businessman P J Quinn.
- 1919 - Birth of Pierre Elliot Trudeau; 15th Canadian Prime Minister (Liberal, 1968-79, 1980-84).
- 1921 - Birth of Jesse Helms; American politician (Senator-Republican-North Carolina).
- 1922 - Birth of Richard Stankiewicz; American sculptor (1974 Akston Award, 1966 Brandeis).
- 1922 - British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is established.
- 1924 - Birth of Allyn Ferguson in San Jose, California, USA; orchestra leader (Andy Williams Show).
- 1924 - Harold "Red" Grange plays finest collegiate football game (four long touchdown runs).
- 1924 - Notre Dame beats Army 13-7 in football; New York Herald Tribune newspaper dubs them the Four Horsemen.
- 1925 - Birth of Melina Mercouri in Athens, Greece; actress/politician (Never on a Sunday).
- 1926 - Birth of Chuck Berry in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; rocker ("Roll over Beethoven").
- 1926 - Birth of George C Scott in Wise, Virginia, USA; actor (Patton, Bible, Taps, Hardcore).
- 1927 - Birth of George Campbell Scott in Wise, Virginia, USA; actor (Patton (1977), East Side, West Side).
- 1927 - Birth of Katherine Fanning in Chicago, Illinois, USA; editor (Christian Science Monitor - 1983).
- 1928 - Birth of Keith Jackson in Carrolton, Georgia, USA; sportscaster (ABC Monday Night Football).
- 1930 - Birth of Frank Carlucci; National Security Adviser/Secretary of Defense (1987-89).
- 1930 - Joseph Sylvester becomes first jockey to win 7 races in one day.
- 1931 - Death of Thomas Alva Edison at age 84 in West Orange, New Jersey, USA; American inventor and businessman (phonograph, light bulb).
- 1932 - Birth of Iona Campagnolo AKA Iona Hardy at Galiano Island, British Columbia, Canada; broadcaster, politician (Liberal MP for Skeena and federal Minister of Fitness and Amateur Sport, President of the Liberal Party of Canada 1982-86), BC Lieutenant Governor.
- 1933 - Birth of Forrest Gregg; NFL tackle (Green Bay Packers, Dallas Cowboys).
- 1933 - Birth of Peter Boyle in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; actor (Joe, Candidate).
- 1934 - Birth of Inger Stevens AKA Inger Stensland in Sweden; actress (Katy - The Farmer's Daughter TV show).
- 1935 - Birth of John B Coleman in Boston, Massachusetts, USA; hotel magnate (Ritz Carlton).
- 1938 - Birth of Dawn Wells; actress (Gilligan's Island).
- 1939 - Birth of Lee Harvey Oswald; assassin suspect (US President John Kennedy).
- 1939 - Birth of Mike Ditka; coach/tight-end (Chicago Bears, Dallas Cowboys, NFL rookie year 1961).
- 1942 - Birth of Willie Horton; baseball slugger (Detroit Tigers).
- 1944 - Soviet troops invade Czechoslovakia.
- 1947 - Birth of Joe Morton in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Hal - Grady, Eureka, Equal Justice).
- 1947 - Birth of John Johnson; NBA basketball player (Seattle SuperSonic).
- 1947 - Birth of Laura Nyro in the Bronx, New York, USA; singer/songwriter ("Eli's Coming", "Stoney End").
- 1948 - Walther von Brauchitsch, former Commander-in-Chief of the German Army, dies in British captivity.
- 1950 - Birth of Merry Martin in Camden, Michigan, USA; actress (Leslie - Peter Loves Mary).
- 1950 - Connie Mack retires as manager of the Philadelphia Athletics after 50 years.
- 1951 - Birth of Pam Dawber in Detroit, Michigan, USA; actress (Mindy - Mork and Mindy, My Sister Sam).
- 1954 - NBC premieres the Producers' Showcase 60/90-minute anthology TV show.
- 1954 - Hurricane Hazel (third of 1954) becomes most severe to hit US.
- 1955 - Track and Field names Jesse Owens all-time track athlete.
- 1956 - Birth of Martina Navratilova in Prague, Czechoslovakia; tennis player (Wimbledon 1979, 1982-87, 1989).
- 1958 - Birth of Jean-Claude Van Damme in Belgium; actor (Kickboxer, No Retreat).
- 1960 - Birth of Erin Moran in Burbank, California, USA; actress (Happy Days, Joanie Loves Chachi).
- 1960 - Casey Stengel retired by New York Yankees (won ten pennants in 12 years).
- 1960 - In Britain, the News Chronicle and Daily Mail merge, and The London Evening Star merges with the Evening News.
- 1961 - Birth of Wynton Marsalis in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; jazz trumpeter (Grammy award 1983).
- 1962 - Birth of Vincent Spano in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Alphabet City, Maria's Lovers, Prince Street, Search for Tomorrow).
- 1962 - Dr Watson (US) and Drs Crick and Wilkins (Great Britain) win Nobel Prize for Medicine for work in determining structure of DNA.
- 1962 - US launches Ranger 5 for lunar impact; misses Moon.
- 1963 - International Olympic Committee votes Mexico City to host 1968 Olympics.
- 1965 - Henry Travers, actor (Bells of Saint Mary, High Sierra), dies at age 91.
- 1966 - Birth of Angela Visser; Miss Universe (1989).
- 1966 - Birth of Tim Cross; rock musician (Sponge).
- 1967 - Major League Baseball's American League votes to allow the Athletics team to move from Kansas City to Oakland and expand the league to 12 teams in 1971 with Kansas City and Seattle teams.
- 1967 - Soviet Venera 4 becomes the first probe to send data back from Venus.
- 1967 - Buena Vista releases Disney's animated feature film The Jungle Book to theaters. This is the last animated feature personally produced by Walt Disney.
- 1968 - Bob Beamon of USA sets the long jump record (29 feet 2.5 inches) in Mexico City.
- 1968 - Circus Circus hotel/casino opens on Las Vegas Boulevard, Nevada.
- 1968 - Lee Evans sets world record of 43.8 seconds in 400 metre dash.
- 1968 - US Olympic Committee suspends Tommie Smith and John Carlos for giving "black power" salute as a protest during victory ceremony.
- 1969 - US Federal government bans use of cyclamates artificial sweetener.
- 1969 - Soyuz 8 returns to Earth.
- 1971 - Birth of Karen J McNenny in Missoula, Montana, USA; Miss Montana-America (1991).
- 1973 - Frank Knight, TV announcer (Chronoscope), dies at age 79.
- 1974 - Birth of Peter Svenson; rock musician (The Cardigans).
- 1974 - Chicago Bulls' Nate Thurmond becomes first in NBA to complete a quadruple double-22 points, 14 rebounds, 13 assists and 12 blocks.
- 1977 - First New York Islanders' 0-0 tie - Los Angeles Kings at Nassau-25th time shutout-Resch's 15th.
- 1977 - Birth of Chris McKenna in Queens, New York; actor (Joey - One Life to Live).
- 1977 - Reggie Jackson hits three consecutive homers tying Babe Ruth's series record.
- 1977 - New York Yankees beat Los Angeles Dodgers 8-4 for 21st world championship, first in 15 years.
- 1977 - The convicted terrorist, Andreas Bader, is found shot in a prison cell. He had been one of the leaders of the Bader-Meinhoff terrorist group.
- 1978 - Birth of Wesley Jonathan; actor (What I Like About You, City Guys).
- 1979 - Beatlemania opens in London, England.
- 1980 - Birth of Josh Gracin; country singer (American Idol TV show).
- 1980 - The Fraser Government is re-elected for a third consecutive term in Australia with a reduced majority.
- 1980 - Detroit Pistons block 21 Atlanta Hawks' shots setting NBA record (double).
- 1981 - Birth of Jesse Littleton; country musician (Marshall Dyllon).
- 1981 - In Venezuela, a magnitude 5.4 earthquake occurs. Fifteen people killed, many injured, and extensive damage in the Cucuta, Colombia-San Cristobal area.
- 1981 - Birth of Richard Vuu; actor (The Last Emperor).
- 1981 - New York Giants Joe Danelo ties NFL record of six field goals in a game.
- 1982 - The International Olympic Committee reinstates Jim Thorpe's amateur status for 1909-12, allowing his 1912 Olympic gold medals to be posthumously returned.
- 1982 - Bess Truman, former First Lady of the US, dies in Independence, Missouri at age 97 (born 1885).
- 1984 - Death of Jon-Erik Hexum at age 26 from self-inflicted wounds six days earlier from a gun loaded with blanks, which sent a portion of skull into his brain; actor (Cover-Up, Voyagers).
- 1984 - In Turkey, a magnitude 5.3 earthquake occurs. Three people killed, 35 injured, and 75,000 homes damaged in the Erzurum-Senkaya area.
- 1984 - Florence Rinard, TV panelist (20 Questions), dies at age 82.
- 1985 - Nintendo releases the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in the United States, in New York City. Special displays are set up in department, toy, and electronics stores. The NES comes with the Robotic Operating Buddy and the Zapper light gun. Price is US$125. Seventeen game cartridges are available with the launch of the game system.
- 1987 - Birth of Zac Efron; actor (High School Musical, High School Musical 2, Summerland).
- 1987 - Theodore Brameld, author (Use of Explosive Ideas), dies at age 83.
- 1988 - Israel's supreme court uphold's ban on Kahane's Kach Party as racist.
- 1988 - ABC airs the first episode of TV show Roseanne.
- 1989 - In Northeastern China, a magnitude 5.3 earthquake occurs. At least 29 people killed, 150 injured and about 27,500 houses damaged.
- 1989 - Birth of Joy Lauren; actress (Danielle Van De Kamp - Desperate Housewives TV show).
- 1989 - US 62nd manned space mission STS 34 (Atlantis 5) launches into orbit.
- 1989 - The Communist leader of German Democratic Republic, Erich Honecker, is forced to step down as leader of the country after a series of health problems. He is replaced by Egon Krenz.
- 1989 - Death of Harvey Hart at age 61 from a stroke; director (Columbo, East of Eden).
- 1991 - Birth of Tyler Posey; actor (Doc).
- 1992 - In Northern Colombia, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurs.
- 1993 - Death of Lois Kibbee at age 71 from a brain tumor; actress (Edge of Night, Somerset, One Life to Live).
- 2000 - Death of Gwen Verdon at age 75 after a heart attack; actress/dancer (Damn Yankees, All My Children, Magnum P.I., The Cosby Mysteries, Walker Texas Ranger).
- 2000 - Death of Julie London at age 74 from a stroke; actress/singer (Emergency TV show).
- 2001 - A Petrobras tanker strikes underwater rocks off Paranagua, Brazil, leaking about 392,000 litres of naphtha.
- 2005 - The United Nations tightens the rules for its staff, following several claims of financial impropriety and sexual abuse.
- 2006 - Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 7 Web browser.
- 2007 - Twin suicide blasts kill 140 people at a rally in Karachi, Pakistan, to welcome back Benazir Bhutto. Bhutto escapes uninjured.
- 2007 - In France, transport, electricity, and gas unions hold a one-day strike in protest of a planned reform of allowing those members to retire at age 50 on full pension, rather than at age 60.
- 2009 - In Sao Paulo, Brazil, round 16 of the FIA Formula 1 World Championship is won by Mark Webber.
- 2009 - In Iran's province of Sistan-Baluchestan bordering Pakistan and Afghanistan, a suicide bomber kills 42 people including 15 members of the Revolutionary Guards, including six senior commanders. This is the deadliest such attack in iran since the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war. Sunni rebel group Jundollah claimed responsibility, and Iran accused the USA and UK of terrorism for their support of the group.
- 2009 - In Phillip Island, Australia, round 15 of the FIM MotoGP Championship is won by Casey Stoner.
- 2011 - Israel and the Palestinian militant organization Hamas begin a major prisoner swap, in which the captured Israeli Army soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Hamas in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian and Israeli-Arab prisoners held in Israel, including 280 prisoners serving life sentences for planning and perpetrating terror attacks.
- 2013 - Saudi Arabia rejects a seat on the United Nations Security Council, making it the first country to reject a seat on the Security Council.
- 2020 - General elections in Bolivia. Luis Arce wins presidency with 54.5 percent of vote.
- 2020 - Death of René Felber, 81st President of the Swiss Confederation (born 1933).
- 2021 - Death of Colin Powell at age 84 of Covid-19; American soldier (four-star general), recipient of Presidential Medal of Freedom, national security advisor to President Ronald Reagan, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to President George H.W. Bush, secretary of State to President George W. Bush.
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