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What happened in history on this day: October 23?
On October 23 in ...
- 425 - Valentinian III is proclaimed ruler of the Western Roman Empire.
- 1642 - Armies of King Charles and of English Parliament meet at Edgehill in Warwickshire, about 26,000 total. Charles stands his ground, Essex's army retreats toward Warwick the next day.
- 1642 - Death of Sir Edmund Verney, English royal standard-bearer, killed in English civil war.
- 1642 - Death of Earl of Lindsey, second in command to King Charles, killed in English civil war.
- 1679 - Meal Tub Plot against James II of England.
- 1702 - Anglo-Dutch ships overwhelm French warships and Spanish treasure ships in harbor at Vigo Bay off Spain, capturing 4500 pounds of silver and 7.5 pounds of gold.
- 1705 - Birth of Maximilin Reichsgraf Browne in Basel, Switzerland; Austrian field marshal during the War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and The Seven Years' War (1756-1763).
- 1707 - The parliament of Great Britain first meets.
- 1752 - Birth of Nicolas Appert inventor (food canning, bouillon tablet).
- 1775 - Continental Congress approves resolution barring blacks from army.
- 1790 - Slaves revolt in Haiti (later suppressed).
- 1805 - Sailing ship Aeneus sinks off Newfoundland, killing 340.
- 1844 - Birth of Robert Bridges; poet laureate of England (The Testament of Beauty).
- 1850 - The first National Women's Rights Convention begins in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
- 1864 - USA General Samuel R Curtis defeats Confederate General Stirling Price.
- 1868 - Birth of Rama V [Chulalongkorn], leader of Siam (-1910).
- 1871 - Columbia and Sappho (US) beat Livonia (United Kingdom) in third America's Cup yacht race.
- 1884 - First World Series OKed by AA, Providence (National League) beats New York Mets (AA) 6-0.
- 1886 - The Statue of Liberty is presented to the US, a gift from the government of France.
- 1903 - Francis Ellingwood Abbot, theologian (Scientific Theism), dies at age 66.
- 1905 - Birth of Felix Bloch; US physicist (Nobel Prize 1952).
- 1906 - Alberto Santos-Dumont flies an airplane in the first heavier-than-air flight in Europe at Champs de Bagatelle, Paris, France.
- 1906 - Birth of Gertrude Ederle; US swimmer (Olympic-gold-1924).
- 1910 - Birth of Hayden Rorke in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Dr. Bellows - I Dream of Jeannie TV show, Dr. Kildare, Mr. Adams and Eve).
- 1910 - Philadelphia Athletics beat Chicago Cubs four games to one in 7th World Series.
- 1911 - First aerial operation carried by an airplane in warfare, a reconnaissance mission by Italian military over a Turkish encampment at Azizia.
- 1912 - Birth of Ilse Dörffeldt in Germany; sprint relay (Olympic-1936).
- 1914 - Birth of Frank (Bruiser) Kinard; NFL, AAFC tackle (Brooklyn Dodgers, New York Yankees).
- 1915 - First national horseshoe throwing championship (Kellerton, Iowa, USA).
- 1915 - 25,000 women march in New York City, demanding right to vote.
- 1917 - Birth of Robert Bray in Kalispell, Montana, USA; actor (Corey - Lassie, Stagecoach West).
- 1918 - Birth of James Daly in Wisconsin, USA; actor (Foreign Intrigue TV show, Medical Center TV show).
- 1921 - Death of John Boyd Dunlop in Scotland; invented pneumatic tire.
- 1921 - Green Bay Packers play first APFA game, win 7-6 over Minneapolis Marines.
- 1922 - Birth of Colleen Gray in Staplehurst, Nebraska, USA; actress (Mrs. Clifford - McCloud, Bright Promise TV show, Apache Drums).
- 1923 - Birth of Frank Sutton in Clarksville, Tennessee, USA; actor (Sargeant Carter - Gomer Pyle USMC, Joe Sullivan - The Secret Storm).
- 1923 - Birth of Ned Rorem in Richmond, Indiana, USA; composer/author (Sky Music).
- 1925 - Birth of Johnny Carson in Corning, Iowa, USA; comedian (The Tonight Show, Who Do You Trust) (dies 2005).
- 1927 - Birth of Dezsö Gyarmati in Hungary; water polo player (Olympic-gold-1956, 1960, 1964).
- 1927 - City of Netanya (Israel) founded.
- 1929 - The first North American transcontinental air service begins between New York City and Los Angeles, California.
- 1930 - The first miniature golf tournament is completed in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
- 1931 - Birth of Diana Dors in England; actress (Berserk!, Steaming) (dies 1984).
- 1931 - Birth of Jim Bunning; American baseball player (Philadelphia Phillies pitcher, perfect game against New York Mets 1965), US Senator.
- 1932 - Birth of Dimitra Arliss; actress (Rich Man Poor Man II).
- 1935 - Birth of Chi Chi Rodriguez; golfer (PGA Seniors-1987).
- 1938 - Birth of John Heinz; American politician (Senator-Republican-Pennsylvania).
- 1938 - Birth of Jordan Christopher in Youngstown, Ohio, USA; actor (Secrets of Midland Heights).
- 1938 - Hungary makes territorial demands of Czechoslovakia.
- 1940 - Birth of Edison "Pelé" Pel in Brazil; soccer player extraordinaire (New York Cosmos).
- 1940 - Birth of Jordan Christopher in Youngston, Ohio, USA; actor (Return of the Seven).
- 1940 - Birth of Ellie Greenwich; songwriter ("Be My Baby", "Chapel of Love", "Da Do Ron Ron").
- 1941 - Birth of Greg Ridley; bassist (Spooky Tooth - "It's All About").
- 1941 - RKO Radio Pictures releases Disney's animated feature film Dumbo to theaters in the USA.
- 1942 - Birth of Michael Crichton in the USA; novelist (Andromeda Strain, Congo, Looker, ER TV show) (dies 2008).
- 1942 - Britain launches major offensive at El Alamein, Egypt.
- 1943 - Birth of Barbara Ann Hawkins; rhythm-and-blues singer (The Dixie Cups).
- 1944 - Soviet army invades Hungary.
- 1946 - Birth of Miklos Nemeth in Hungary; javelin thrower (Olympic-gold-1976).
- 1946 - United Nations General Assembly second session convenes in Flushing Meadows, New York, USA.
- 1947 - NAACP petition on racism, "An Appeal to the World" presented to United Nations.
- 1950 - Death of Al Jolson AKA Asa Yoelson at age 64 following a heart attack; entertainer (Shell Chateau radio show, Kraft Music Hall radio show).
- 1951 - Birth of Michael Rupert in Denver, Colorado, USA; actor (Pasadena Playhouse).
- 1952 - German former Army Commander-in-Chief Albert Kesslering is pardoned and freed from British captivity.
- 1954 - USA, Great Britain, France, and USSR agree to end occupation of Germany.
- 1956 - Birth of Darrell Place; American archer (Olympic-gold-1976).
- 1956 - Birth of Dwight Yoakum; country singer ("If There Was a Way").
- 1956 - Revolt against Stalinist policies begins in Hungary.
- 1957 - First test firing of Vanguard satellite launch vehicle, TV-3.
- 1958 - The Smurfs, a fictional race of blue dwarves, appear for the first time in the story Le Flute à Six Schtroumpfs.
- 1958 - Soviet novelist Boris Pasternak wins Nobel Prize for Literature.
- 1958 - USSR lends money to United Arab Republic to build Aswan High Dam.
- 1959 - Birth of "Weird Al" Yankovic; parody singer ("Eat It", UHF, The Naked Gun).
- 1962 - Birth of Doug Flute; WFL/NFL quarterback (New Jersey Generals, Chicago Bears, New England Patriots).
- 1962 - US navy ships begin a blockade of Cuba, to prevent Soviet ships from bringing in supplies to complete building missile bases.
- 1964 - Birth of Robert Trujillo; rock musician (Metallica).
- 1964 - Japanese beat Russians for first Olympic Gold in woman's volleyball.
- 1964 - Smithsonian Institution's Hall of Monetary History and Medallic Art opens.
- 1966 - Birth of David Thomas; rhythm-and-blues singer (Take 6).
- 1966 - Birth of Brian Nevin; rock musician (Big Head Todd and the Monsters).
- 1967 - New Jersey Americans (later New York / New Jersey Nets) play first ABA game.
- 1968 - Kip Keino (Kenya) wins gold medal for 1,500m (3 minutes 34.9 seconds).
- 1969 - Birth of Brooke Theiss in California, USA; actress (Wendy - Just the Ten of Us, Good and Evil).
- 1970 - Gary Gabelich sets auto speed record 622.4 mph (1,002 kph).
- 1973 - US President Richard Nixon agrees to turn over White House tape recordings to Judge Sirica.
- 1973 - United Nations's revised International Telecommunication Convention adopted.
- 1973 - New York Yankees' general manager and president Lee MacPhail named American League president.
- 1974 - Birth of Kaleena Kiff in Santa Monica, California, USA; actress (Patti - Love Sidney).
- 1975 - New York Islanders' Glenn Resch's 5th shut-out opponent-Philadelphia Flyers 3-0.
- 1976 - Birth of Ryan Reynolds in Vancouver, BC, Canada; actor (Two Guys, a Gal and a Pizza Place, The Odyssey).
- 1977 - Panamanians vote 2-to-1 to approve the new Canal treaties.
- 1978 - Death of Maybelle Carter at age 69, American singer (Johnny Cash Show) (born 1909).
- 1980 - Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin resigns, due to illness.
- 1983 - The game show GO! premieres on NBC.
- 1983 - Near-simultaneous suicide truck-bombings destroy both the French and the United States Marine Corps barracks in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 241 US servicemen, 58 French paratroopers and six Lebanese civilians.
- 1983 - Jessica Savitch, of Margate, New Jersey, newscaster (NBC Weekend), dies in car accident drowning at age 36 (born 1947).
- 1985 - Birth of Masiela Lusha; actress (George Lopez).
- 1986 - Death of Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1893).
- 1987 - On a vote of 58-42, the United States Senate rejects President Ronald Reagan's nomination of Robert Bork to the U.S. Supreme Court.
- 1988 - Boston Celtics play Spain in Madrid.
- 1989 - US 62nd manned space mission STS 34 (Atlantis 5) returns from space.
- 1989 - The Hungarian Republic is officially declared by president Mátyás Szurös (replacing the Hungarian People's Republic).
- 1989 - Phillips Disaster in Pasadena, Texas kills 23 and injures 314 others.
- 1990 - Iraq announces release of 330 French hostages.
- 1992 - In Morocco, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake occurs.
- 1993 - Joe Carter hits only the second baseball World Series winning home run as the Toronto Blue Jays win Game Six of the World Series to beat the Philadelphia Phillies four games to two.
- 1993 - In Canada, one person wins a Canadian record (for a single winner) CDN$15 million Lotto 6/49 jackpot.
- 1994 - The Fox TV network airs the last episode of the Disney TV show Hardball.
- 1994 - Death of Robert Lansing at age 66 of lung cancer; actor (General George Custer - Branded, General Frank Savage - Twelve O'Clock High, Gary Seven - Star Trek TV show, Peter Murphy/Mark Wainwright - The Man Who Never Was, Control - The Equalizer, Paul Blaisdell - Kung Fu: The Legend Continues).
- 1994 - Death of William Leonard at age 78 of a stroke; head of CBS News.
- 1995 - In Houston, Texas, Yolanda Saldivar is convicted of first degree murder in the shooting death of Selena Quintanilla Perez and three days later is sentenced to life in prison. Saldivar will be eligible for parole in 2025.
- 1999 - Apple Computer releases the Mac OS 9 operating system for Macintosh computers.
- 1999 - In Germany, Arnold Stadler is presented with the Georg Büchner Prize for Literature.
- 2000 - American Secretary of State Madeleine Albright holds talks with North Korean dictator Kim Jong Il.
- 2001 - Apple Computer introduces the iPod portable music player. It features 5 GB hard drive, and FireWire port. Price is US$399.
- 2002 - About 50 Chechen rebels storm the Moscow Palace of Culture theater, taking up to 700 people hostage during a performance of a popular musical.
- 2004 - Brazil's "Operation Cajuana" launches its first rocket into space, the VSB-30, just 14 months after its space program experienced a deadly launch pad accident.
- 2004 - In Germany, Wilhelm Genazino wins the Georg Büchner Prize for Literature.
- 2005 - Polish presidential election, second round: Lech Kaczynski is elected.
- 2006 - Jeffrey Skilling is sentenced to 24 years and four months in US federal prison on charges of fraud and insider trading relating to the financial collapse of Enron.
- 2007 - The Space Shuttle Discovery is successfully launched on mission STS-120.
- 2008 - French president Nicolas Sarkozy announces a strategic investment fund of borrowed money to acquire stakes in French industries to prevent foreign take-overs.
- 2010 - In preparation for the Seoul summit, finance ministers of the G-20 agree to reform the International Monetary Fund and shift 6 percent of the voting shares to developing nations and countries with emerging markets.
- 2010 - Death of David Thompson, 6th Prime Minister of Barbados (born 1961).
- 2011 - A magnitude 7.2Mw earthquake jolts eastern Turkey near the city of Van, killing 604 people, and damaging about 2,200 buildings.
- 2015 - Hurricane Patricia becomes the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere and the second strongest worldwide, with winds of 215 mph and a pressure of 872 mbar.
- 2018 - The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world's longest sea crossing bridge, is opened by Chinese President Xi Jinping.
- 2019 - Pacific Gas & Electric Company cuts power to over 180,000 homes and businesses in northern California, to prevent fires.
- 2019 - The bodies of 39 people are found in a truck container in Essex, England. A 25-year-old man from Northern Ireland is arrested on suspicion of murder.
- 2020 - Israel and Sudan agree to normalise relations, marking the fifth Israel-Arab peace deal.
- 2020 - At the end of an 11-year demining process, the Falkland Islands are declared free of land mines, 38 years after the end of the 1982 war.
- 2021 - Colombia's most wanted drug lord, Dario Antonio Úsuga, is captured by Colombia's armed forces.
- 2022 - The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China endorses Xi Jinping and his team to rule the country for the next five years.
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