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What happened in history on this day: October 28?
On October 28 in ...
- 900 - Alfred the Great, English monarch, dies.
- 1017 - Birth of Heinrich III, Holy Roman Emperor (1046-56).
- 1200 - Birth of St. Ludwig IV von Thüringen.
- 1412 - Queen Margaret of Sweden dies on a ship in Flensburg.
- 1489 - In England, King Henry VII orders the mint to begin coining gold bullion in new coin called a sovereign, 240 grains weight, 23 carats + 3.5 grains, valued at 20 shillings.
- 1492 - Christopher Columbus discovers Cuba.
- 1585 - Birth of Cornelius Otto Jansen France, Roman Catholic reform leader.
- 1636 - Harvard University (Boston) established.
- 1664 - Order-in-Council creates the Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, the first English marines.
- 1674 - Birth of Richard Nash AKA Beau Nash in Swansea, England; developer and Master of Ceremonies of Bath.
- 1776 - Battle of White Plains; George Washington retreats to New Jersey.
- 1790 - New York gives up claims to Vermont for $30,000.
- 1810 - Birth of Adley H Gladden in Louisiana, USA; Brigadier General, killed at Shiloh.
- 1842 - Birth of Anna Elizabeth Dickinson; orator (Joan of Arc of the Civil War).
- 1848 - In Catalonia, Spain, the Barcelona to Mataró railroad route (the first to be constructed in the Iberian Peninsula) is inaugurated.
- 1886 - The statue of Liberty Enlightening the World is dedicated by President Grover Cleveland in New York Harbor. It is celebrated by the first confetti (ticker tape) parade in New York City.
- 1890 - Last National League-AA World Series game; Brooklyn ties Louisville three games and one tie.
- 1891 - In Mino-Owari, Japan, an approximate magnitude 8 earthquake occurs. Over 7,000 deaths. The earthquake caused damage over a 4200 square mile area. 130,000 houses were destroyed.
- 1896 - Birth of Howard Hanson in Wahoo, Nebraska, USA; composer/conductor (Nordic).
- 1900 - After over five months, the Paris Olympic Games close.
- 1902 - Birth of Elsa Lanchester AKA Elizabeth Sullivan in Lewisham, London, England; actress (The Bride of Frankenstein, The John Forsythe Show).
- 1903 - Birth of Evelyn Waugh in London, England; author (Brideshead Revisited).
- 1904 - Saint Louis, Missouri, USA police try a new investigation method: fingerprints.
- 1907 - Birth of Edith Head; fashion designer (MGM).
- 1907 - Birth of Lew Parker; actor (Lou Marie - That Girl).
- 1910 - Birth of Marie Dollinger in Germany; dropped baton in 1936 Olympic sprint.
- 1914 - Birth of Jonas Salk in New York City, New York, USA; medical researcher, polio vaccine promoter.
- 1914 - Omega Psi Phi Fraternity is founded at Howard University.
- 1918 - Czechoslovakia declares independence.
- 1919 - Volstead Act passed by US Congress, starts prohibition over President Woodrow Wilson's veto.
- 1922 - First US coast-to-coast radio broadcast of a football game.
- 1922 - Benito Mussolini takes control of Italy's government.
- 1924 - Chicago White Sox beat New York Giants 8-4 in Dublin, less than 20 fans attend.
- 1926 - Birth of Bowie Kuhn; American baseball commissioner (1969-1984).
- 1927 - Birth of Cleo Laine in Middlesex, England; singer ("Flesh to a Tiger").
- 1929 - First child born in aircraft, in Miami, Florida, USA.
- 1929 - Birth of Dody Goodman in Columbus, Ohio, USA; actress (Mary Hartman!, Max Duggan).
- 1929 - Birth of Joan Plowright in England; actress (Brimstone and Treacle).
- 1929 - New York Stock Enchange drops 12.9 percent.
- 1934 - Birth of Jim Beatty; track runner (first sub-4 minute indoor mile).
- 1934 - Brooklyn Dodgers and Pittsburgh Pirates play a penalty free NFL game.
- 1936 - Birth of Charlie Daniels; country music star ("Devil Went Down to Georgia").
- 1936 - President Franklin Roosevelt rededicates Statue of Liberty on its 50th anniversary.
- 1937 - Birth of Lenny Wilkins; NBA player, coach (Seattle SuperSonics, Cleveland Cavaliers).
- 1939 - Birth of Jane Alexander in Massachusetts, USA; actress (The Betsy, Kramer versus Kramer, Tell Me You Love Me, Eleanor and Franklin).
- 1940 - Birth of Susan Harris; TV writer/producer (Golden Girls, Empty Nest, Benson, Soap).
- 1940 - Birth of Gennadi M Strekalov; cosmonaut (Soyuz T-3, T-8, T-11).
- 1940 - Italian President Benito Mussolini sends Greek government an ultimatum: allow Italian forces to occupy Greece or face war.
- 1940 - Italy launches an attack on Greece from Albania.
- 1942 - Train crashes into bus, killing 16 and injuring 20 (Detroit, Michigan).
- 1944 - Birth of Coluche France; comedian/actor (My Best Friend's Girl).
- 1944 - Birth of Dennis Franz in Maywood, Illinois, USA; actor (Norman Buntz - Hill Street Blues).
- 1945 - Birth of Dennis Franz; actor (NYPD Blue, Hill Street Blues).
- 1945 - Birth of Wayne Fontana in Manchester, England; rocker ("Groovy Kind of Love").
- 1946 - German rocket engineers begin work in USSR.
- 1947 - Birth of Tom Fitzsimmons in San Francisco, California, USA; actor (Franklin - The Paper Chase).
- 1948 - Birth of Telma Hopkins in Louisville, Kentucky, USA; singer (Tony Orlando, Family Matters, Half and Half).
- 1948 - Flag of Israel is adopted.
- 1949 - Birth of Bruce Jenner; American decathalete (Olympic-gold-1976).
- 1950 - CBS premieres The Jack Benny Program comedy variety show.
- 1952 - Birth of Annie Potts in Nashville, Tennessee, USA; actress (Mary Jo - Designing Women, Any Day Now).
- 1953 - Bud Grant of Winnipeg Blue Bombers intercepts five passes (record).
- 1955 - Birth of William Gates; billionaire CEO (Microsoft).
- 1957 - Anthony J Morabito, co-owner of San Francisco 49ers, dies while watching a game.
- 1957 - Birth of Stephen Morris; rocker (New Order - "Round and Round").
- 1958 - Birth of Ron Hemby; country singer-musician (The Buffalo Club).
- 1958 - Birth of William Reid; rock singer-musician (The Jesus and Mary Chain).
- 1958 - Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli is elected Pope, taking the name John XXIII.
- 1959 - Birth of Neville Henry; rocker (Blow Monkeys - "Wicked Ways").
- 1959 - Death of Walther Bauersfeld, 1919 inventor (first modern projection planetarium).
- 1959 - Buffalo Bills enter the AFL.
- 1960 - Birth of Mark Derwin in Park Forest, Illinois, USA; actor (AC Mallet - Guiding Light, Life with Bonnie, One Life to Live).
- 1961 - Ground broken for Municipal (Shea) Stadium for New York Mets.
- 1962 - Birth of Daphne Zuniga; actress (Gross Anatomy, Fly II, Spaceballs, Beautiful People, Melrose Place).
- 1962 - Nikita Khrushchev announces his government's intent to dismantle and remove all offensive Soviet weapons in Cuba.
- 1962 - New York Giants' Y.A. Tittle passes for seven touchdowns versus Washington Redskins (49-34).
- 1963 - Birth of Lauren Holly; actress (NCIS, Picket Fences).
- 1963 - The 100th episode of US TV show The Andy Griffith Show airs.
- 1964 - The 100th episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show airs.
- 1965 - Birth of Jami Gertz in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actress (Less the Zero, Crossroads, Solarbabies, Still Standing).
- 1965 - In St. Louis, Missouri, construction is completed on the Gateway Arch, a 630-foot-high parabola of stainless steel. The arch was erected to commemorate President Thomas Jefferson's Louisiana Purchase of 1803.
- 1965 - Pope Paul VI proclaims Jews not collectively guilty for crucifixion.
- 1966 - Birth of Andy Richter; actor-comedian (A.R. Controls the Universe, Conan O'Brien).
- 1966 - Belgium's Gaston Roelants runs 12.8 miles in one hour.
- 1966 - Birth of Lauren Holly; actress (All My Children).
- 1968 - Birth of Caitlin Cary; country singer-musician (Whiskeytown).
- 1969 - US President Richard Nixon signs Executive Order 11490, which consolidates 23 previous oxecutive orders, for Emergency Preparedness.
- 1970 - NBA Cleveland Cavaliers first home game, lose to San Diego Rockets 110-99.
- 1970 - US/USSR sign an agreement to discuss joint space efforts.
- 1971 - England becomes sixth nation to have a satellite (Prospero) in orbit.
- 1971 - Congo changes its name to Zaire.
- 1973 - Elmore Smith of the Los Angeles Lakers blocks 17 shots in a game (NBA record).
- 1974 - First time two New York Islanders hat tricks in same game-MacMillian and Westfall.
- 1974 - Birth of Joaquin Phoenix AKA Leaf Phoenix in Puerto Rico, USA; actor (Johnny Cash - I Walk the Line, Russkies, Space Camp).
- 1976 - Billy Martin named American League Manager of the Year (New York Yankees).
- 1976 - The 200th episode of TV show Hawaii Five-O airs.
- 1978 - Donald Ritchie runs the fastest 100km ever, doing it in 7.2722 seconds.
- 1979 - Billy Martin is fired as New York Yankees' manager (second time), replaced by Dick Howser.
- 1979 - Arnold Soboloff, American stage actor (Peter Pan), suffers a heart attack while performing in New York and dies at age 48.
- 1979 - Birth of Dave Tirio; rock musician (Plain White T's).
- 1980 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan debate in Cleveland, Ohio. Reagan's genial, witty performance causes him to overtake Carter in the polls.
- 1980 - Death of Leon Janney at age 63 of cancer; actor (Charlie Chan radio show, Chick Carter, Helen Trent, X Minus One, Hawk TV show, Tom Corbett, Space Cadet, Another World, Edge of Night).
- 1981 - The Los Angeles Dodgers defeat the New York Yankees 9-2, to capture the World Championship in six games.
- 1982 - The Socialist Party wins the election in Spain; Felipe González is elected Prime Minister.
- 1982 - NASA launches RCA-E.
- 1983 - In Borah Peak, Idaho, a magnitude 6.9 earthquake occurs, the largest historical earthquake in Idaho.
- 1987 - André Masson, French surrealist artist (Labyrinth), dies at age 91 (born 1896).
- 1988 - 48 hours after announcing it was abandoning RU-486, French manufacturer Roussel Uclaf states that it would resume distribution of the abortion drug, bowing to pressure from the government of France.
- 1988 - Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen gives US$10 million to University of Washington library.
- 1989 - The Oakland Athletics sweep of the San Francisco Giants winning baseball's World Series.
- 1989 - In Canada, four people share a CDN$14 million Lotto 6/49 jackpot.
- 1991 - In Russia, Boris Yeltsin announces the lifting of price controls.
- 1991 - John Korbal, film historian (Marlene Dietrich), dies at age 51.
- 1992 - The ABC TV network airs the last Laurie Hill show.
- 1995 - The Atlanta Braves defeat the Cleveland Indians to win the World Series.
- 1995 - Fire breaks out on a crowded metro train in Baku, Azerbaijan killing more than 300 passengers. This is the world's worst metro disaster.
- 1996 - Death of Morey Amsterdam at age 87 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor-comedian (Buddy Sorrell - The Dick Van Dyke Show).
- 1997 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains a record 337.17 to 7,498.32. One billion shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange for the first time ever.
- 1998 - An Air China jetliner is hijacked by disgruntled pilot Yuan Bin and flown to Taiwan. After landing the plane safely, Yuan Bin is arrested.
- 2002 - Death of Lawrence Dobkin at age 83 of heart failure; actor (Rogues Gallery tadio show, Escape, Frontier Gentleman, Judging Amy, NYPD Blue).
- 2005 - Vice presidential adviser Lewis "Scooter" Libby resigns after being charged with obstruction of justice, perjury and making a false statement in the US Central Intelligence Agency leak investigation.
- 2007 - Elections in Argentina for the President and members of the National Congress. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner wins presidential elections and becomes the first female elected president in Argentina.
- 2007 - The Boston Red Sox win the 2007 World Series in a four-game sweep against the Colorado Rockies.
- 2007 - The Vatican beatifies 498 Spanish victims of religious persecution from before and during the Spanish Civil War.
- 2007 - Death of Porter Wagoner at age 80 of lung cancer; country music star (Grand Ole Opry, The Porter Wagoner Show TV show (1960-1981)).
- 2008 - The International Monetary Fund reaches an agreement with Hungary for a US$25.1-billion loan package to help the country.
- 2008 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises 889.35 points, or 10.88 percent, to 9,065.12, its second-biggest point gain. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index gains 91.59 points, or 10.79 percent, to 940.51, also its second-biggest point gain. The Nasdaq Composite Index rises 143.57 points, or 9.53 percent, to 1,649.47.
- 2008 - Volkswagen briefly becomes the world's biggest company by market value, with short sellers paying up to 1,005 euros a share. At that price Volkswagen's voting stock was worth 296 billion euros (US$370 billion).
- 2008 - Maldives President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom concedes electoral victory to opposition leader Mohamed "Anni" Nasheed (54 percent of vote). Gayoom was president for 30 years.
- 2009 - In Peshawar, Islamabad, Pakistan, a car bomb rips through a crowded market killing 120 people, injuring at least 200.
- 2009 - NASA launches a prototype Ares I-X rocket from Florida to test technology for the development of a future manned launch vehicle. The US$450 million launcher is the first NASA has built in more than 30 years.
- 2009 - STX Europe in Turku, Finland, delivers the world's largest cruise ship, the Oasis of the Seas to Royal Caribbean International. The ship is 361 metres long, 66 metres wide and rises 72 metres above sea level. The gross tonnage is 225,000, and can accomodate 6,360 passengers and 2,100 crew members.
- 2010 - Death of Jonathan Motzfeldt, 1st Prime Minister of Greenland (born 1938).
- 2013 - Death of Tadeusz Mazowiecki, 1st Prime Minister of Poland (born 1927).
- 2014 - Death of Michael Sata, 5th President of Zambia (born 1937).
- 2017 - Death of Manuel Sanchís Martínez, Spanish footballer (born 1938).
- 2018 - Jair Bolsonaro is elected as the next President of Brazil, with 55% of the vote.
- 2022 - Death of Jerry Lee Lewis at age 87 at home in DeSoto County, Mississippi, USA; singer ("Great Balls of Fire", "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On", Rock and Roll Hall of Fame).
- 2022 - Death of Ian Jack at age 77; columnist (The Guardian), editor (Independent on Sunday, Granta).
- 2023 - Death of Matthew Perry at age 54 at home in Los Angeles, California; actor (Chandler Bing - Friends TV show (1994-2004), The Whole Nine Yards movie (2000), 17 Again movie (2009)), writer (Friends, Lovers, and the Big Terrible Thing book).
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