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What happened in history on this day: November 9?
On November 9 in ...
- 1522 - Birth of Martin Chemnitz in Treuenbrietzen, Germany; leading Protestant theologian.
- 1526 - Jews are expelled from Pressburg Hungary by Maria of Hapsburg.
- 1720 - Rabbi Yehuda Hasid synagogue set afire.
- 1731 - Birth of Benjamin Banneker Ellicott Maryland, black mathematician/surveyor (Washington DC).
- 1759 - Fifth treaty between England and Prussia, for another 670,000 pounds to Prussia.
- 1799 - Napoleon becomes dictator (first consul) of France.
- 1802 - Birth of Elijah P Lovejoy; American newspaper publisher/abolitionist.
- 1818 - Birth of Ivan Turgenev in Russia; novelist/poet/playwright (Fathers and Sons).
- 1821 - First US pharmacy college holds first classes, Philadelphia.
- 1825 - Birth of Ambrose P Hill; Lieutenant General (Commander third Corps, ANV).
- 1841 - Birth of Edward VII; king of England (1901-10).
- 1850 - Birth of Lewis Lewin; German toxicologist/father of psychopharmacology.
- 1853 - Origin of Carrington rotation numbers for rotation of the Sun.
- 1858 - First performance of New York Symphony Orchestra.
- 1862 - USA General Ulysses Grant issues orders to bar Jews from serving under him.
- 1864 - First export of goods from Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, Canada to a foreign country.
- 1865 - Confederate General Robert Lee surrenders to USA General Ulysses Grant at Appomattox.
- 1872 - Fire destroys nearly 1,000 buildings in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- 1874 - Israel Bak, created first hebrew printing press, dies.
- 1877 - American Chemical Society chartered in New York.
- 1886 - Birth of Isaiah Edwin Leopold AKA Ed Wynn in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; comic/actor (The Ed Wynn Show, All Star Revue, Mary Poppins, Ziegfeld Follies, Marjorie Morningstar, The Diary of Anne Frank, Cinderfella, Babes in Toyland, The Absent-Minded Professor).
- 1886 - Birth of Aron Mendel Michelson AKA David Boder in Labau, Latvia; psychologist, interviewed and recorded 70+ displaced persons after World War II in Europe, wrote "I Did Not Interview the Dead" (1949).
- 1891 - Birth of Clifton Webb; actor (Sitting Pretty, Mr Belvedere Goes to College).
- 1898 - Birth of Paul Robeson; actor/singer/football star (King Solomon's Mines).
- 1903 - Birth of Gregory Pincus; inventor (birth control pill).
- 1904 - First airplane flight to last more than 5 minutes.
- 1907 - Birth of Burrill Phillips in Omaha, Nebraska, USA; composer (Play Ball).
- 1913 - Birth of Hedy Lamarr; actress (Ecstacy, Samson and Delilah) (dies 2000).
- 1913 - Storm "Freshwater Fury" sinks eight ore-carriers on Great Lakes.
- 1915 - Birth of Robert Sargent Shriver AKA Sargent Shriver in Westminster, Maryland, USA; Democratic Vice Presidential candidate (1972)/directed Peace Corp, US Ambassador to France (1968-1970).
- 1915 - Italian liner Ancona sinks by German torpedoes, killing 272.
- 1918 - Bavaria proclaims itself a republic.
- 1918 - Birth of Florence Chadwick; swimmer (Swimming Hall of Fame).
- 1918 - Birth of Howard Shanet in Brooklyn, New York, USA; conductor (Night of the Tropics).
- 1918 - Birth of Spiro Theodore Agnew; American politician (Republican) 39th Vice President (1973-77).
- 1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates after German defeat in war.
- 1918 - The German monarch is discarded by the majority Socialists; Philipp Scheidemann proclaims the German Republic.
- 1921 - Albert Einstein is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.
- 1921 - Birth of Viktor Chukarin; USSR gymnast (Olympic-gold-1952, 1956).
- 1923 - Beer Hall Putsch; National Socialists fail to overthrow government in Germany.
- 1924 - Miriam (Ma) Ferguson becomes governor of Texas.
- 1927 - Giant panda discovered in China.
- 1928 - Birth of Anne Sexton in Newton, Massachusetts, USA; poet (Live or Die).
- 1930 - First nonstop airplane flight from New York to Panama.
- 1930 - Birth of Charlie Jones in Fort Smith, Arkansas, USA; sportscaster (Almost Anything Goes).
- 1931 - Birth of Whitey Herzog; baseball manager (Saint Louis Cardinals).
- 1932 - Birth of Marian Christy in Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA; author (Invasions of Privacy).
- 1932 - Hurricane storm wave sweeps over Santa Cruz del Sur, Cuba; kills 2,500.
- 1934 - Birth of Carl Sagan in New York City, USA; astronomer/author/professor (Cosmos, Broca's Brain).
- 1934 - Birth of Ingvar Carlsson; Prime Minister of Sweden (1986-).
- 1935 - Birth of Bob Gibson; Saint Louis Cardinals' pitcher (Cy Young/National League Most Valuable Player 1968).
- 1935 - US Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) labor union forms.
- 1936 - Birth of Mary Travers in Louisville, Kentucky, USA; folk singer (Peter Paul and Mary).
- 1936 - Birth of Mikhail N Tal in USSR; world chess champion (1960-61).
- 1938 - (evening) Nazis terrorize Jews in Germany and Austria. Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues are looted and burned. 91 Jews are killed, and 20,000 are taken to concentration camps. This becomes known as Reichskristallnacht, Crystal Night, or Night of Broken Glass.
- 1938 - Al Capp, cartoonist of Lil' Abner creates Sadie Hawkins Day.
- 1942 - Birth of Tom Weiskopf in Ohio, USA; PGA golfer (British Open 1973).
- 1945 - Birth of Roger Lee Jones in West Virginia, USA; child molester (FBI Most Wanted List).
- 1948 - Birth of Sharon Stouder; American 100m butterfly swimmer (Olympic-gold-1964).
- 1951 - Birth of Lou Ferrigno in Brooklyn, New York, USA; body builder/actor (The Incredible Hulk).
- 1952 - Chaim Weizmann, first President of Israel, dies at age 57.
- 1952 - CBS premieres the Omnibus 60-minute educational TV show.
- 1953 - Abdul-Aziz ibn Sa'ud, founder of Saudi Arabia, dies (born about 1880).
- 1953 - Cambodia gains independence within French Union.
- 1953 - Dylan Thomas, author-poet, dies in New York at age 39.
- 1953 - US Supreme Court rules Major League Baseball exempt from anti-trust laws.
- 1961 - PGA eliminates Caucasians-only rule.
- 1963 - In Japan, two high-speed commuter trains collide with a derailed freight train; 160 die.
- 1964 - Birth of John Joseph Thomas in Arcadia, California, USA; actor (Young Daniel Boone).
- 1965 - The biggest power failure in U.S. history occurs as all of New York state, portions of seven neighboring states, and parts of eastern Canada are plunged into darkness. The blackout was caused by the tripping of a transmission line near Ontario, Canada. The cascading effect onto other transmission lines eventually takes down the entire Northeastern network. 30 million people in eight U.S. states and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec are affected by the blackout.
- 1965 - First New York Knicks' game postponed (black-out) versus Saint Louis Hawks.
- 1965 - In Great Britain, an act comes into force abolishing capital punishment.
- 1965 - Willie Mays named National League Most Valuable Player.
- 1967 - NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy.
- 1967 - Death of American actor Charles Bickford (Playhouse 90, Ford TV Theater, The Virginian, Wagon Train, The Dick Powell Show) of a blood infection at age 75.
- 1968 - In southern Illinois, USA, a magnitude 5.5 earthquake occurs, felt over 23 states; minor damage only.
- 1969 - Birth of Pepa; rocker (Salt 'n' Pepa - "Shake Ya Thang").
- 1970 - The PBS TV network begins airing the Sesame Street TV show in the USA.
- 1970 - Death of Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises, France; head of Free French movement, president of French provisional government (1945-46), President of France (1958-69).
- 1970 - William L Dawson, American politician (Representative-Democrat-Illinois) dies at age 84.
- 1973 - Fire at Taiyo department store, kills 101 and injures 84 (Kumamoto, Japan).
- 1974 - Birth of Dah-ve Chodan; actress (Tia - Uncle Buck).
- 1976 - Death of Billy Halop at age 56 from a heart attack; actor (Bert Munson - All in the Family TV show).
- 1976 - United Nations General Assembly condemns apartheid in South Africa.
- 1978 - Joe Wong, actor (Ken Murray Show), dies at age 75.
- 1978 - NASL realigns its 24 teams into six divisions.
- 1978 - Tanzania recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- 1979 - Death of Lewis Charles at age 59 from cancer; actor (Feather and Father Gang TV show, Adam 12 TV show, Richard Diamond TV show, The Rifleman TV show).
- 1979 - The NORAD computers and the Alternate National Military Command Center in Fort Ritchie, Maryland detect purported massive Soviet nuclear strike. After reviewing the raw data from satellites and checking the early warning radars, the alert is cancelled.
- 1980 - Death of Gloria Guinness, fashion icon (born 1912).
- 1980 - Carmel Myers, actress (Carmel Myers Show), dies at age 79.
- 1980 - Victor Sen Yung, actor (Bonanza, Bachelor Family), dies at age 65.
- 1981 - Edict No 81-234 abolishes slavery in Mauritania.
- 1982 - Sugar Ray Leonard retires for the first time.
- 1984 - Most shots in a New York Islanders game - 88 - Islanders 45, New York Rangers 43.
- 1984 - Vietnam Veterans Memorial ("3 Servicemen") completed.
- 1985 - Gary Kasparov (USSR) beats Anatoly Kasparov, becoming World Chess Champion at age 22.
- 1988 - Death of Richard S. Yeo ("R.S. Yeoman"); Western Publishing company marketing executive, popularized coin boards, author of Handbook of United States Coins with Premium List, nicknamed the Blue Book, and A Guide Book of United States Coins, nicknamed the Red Book.
- 1988 - John Mitchell, former American Attorney General and convicted Watergate criminal, dies of heart attack in Washington (born 1913).
- 1988 - Major League Baseball All-Star team beats Japan 8-2 in Nishinomya, (Game 4 of 7).
- 1989 - German Democratic Republic opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall, allowing its citizens to freely travel to Federal Republic of Germany for the first time in decades. Overnight, thousands flood over the border.
- 1990 - US President George Bush announces doubling of US forces in Persian Gulf.
- 1990 - Orion Pictures releases the film Dances with Wolves to theaters.
- 1992 - Helmut Kohl, Michail Gorbatschov and Ronald Reagan are made honorary citizens of Berlin for their contributions to German reunification.
- 1993 - Bosnian Croat forces destroy the Stari most, or Old Bridge of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, by tank fire.
- 1993 - Voters of Palau approve establishment of a Compact of Free Association with the USA.
- 1994 - The chemical element Darmstadtium is discovered.
- 1997 - BBC News 24 is launched.
- 1998 - In the largest civil settlement in United States history, a federal judge approves a US$1.03 billion settlement requiring dozens of brokerage houses (including Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs, and Salomon Smith Barney) to pay investors who claim they were cheated in a wide-spread price-fixing scheme on the NASDAQ.
- 1998 - United Kingdom formally abolishes the death penalty.
- 1999 - TAESA Flight 725 crashes a few minutes after leaving the Uruapan airport en-route to Mexico City; 18 people are killed in the accident.
- 2003 - A lunar eclipse is seen in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Central Asia.
- 2003 - Death of Art Carney at age 85; actor (Ed Norton - The Honeymooners).
- 2004 - Microsoft releases the Halo 2 video game for the Xbox in the USA. First day sales total 2.4 million units in North America, for US$125 million revenue.
- 2004 - Mozilla releases the Firefox 1.0 Web broswer. 5.6 million copies are downloaded in the first two weeks.
- 2005 - The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
- 2005 - At least 50 people are killed and more than 120 injured in a series of coordinated suicide bombings in Amman, Jordan.
- 2005 - Death of K. R. Narayanan, President of India (born 1921).
- 2006 - Death of Ed Bradley at age 65 from complications of leukemia; CBS news correspondent (60 Minutes TV show, 19 Emmy Awards).
- 2007 - China Merchants Bank becomes the third Chinese bank to open a branch in New York.
- 2007 - Death of Luis Herrera Campins, 56th President of Venezuela (born 1925).
- 2008 - A fire extinguishing system is activated by mistake during sea trials of a Russian submarine, killing at least 20 people by freon gas suffocation.
- 2008 - China announces a 4 trillion yuan (US$586 billion) stimulus package of investments in infrastructure and social welfare by the end of 2010.
- 2008 - Indonesia executes three Muslim militants for the 2002 Bali nightclub bombings that killed 202 people. Imam Samudra, Amrozi Nurhasyim, and Ali Ghufron are executed by firing squad on Nusakambangan island in central Java.
- 2010 - Gold hits a record of almost $1425 per ounce, closing at $1421. Silver hits $29.34, and closes at $28.55, the highest since March 17, 1980.
- 2012 - Sony releases the film Skyfall to theaters.
- 2019 - The Supreme Court of India awards a holy site in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh to Hindus, rejecting a Muslim claim.
- 2019 - Cyclone Bulbul kills seven in West Bengal, India and seven in Bangladesh. 2,000,000 people are evacuated.
- 2020 - The first successful phase III trial (over 40,000 people) of a COVID-19 vaccine is announced by drug companies Pfizer and BioNTech, which is 90% effective in preventing illness according to interim results.
- 2020 - Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a Russia-brokered ceasefire agreement.
- 2021 - The Omicron variant of SARS-COV-2 is first detected, in South Africa.
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