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What happened in history on this day: July 7?
On July 7 in ...
- 1647 - Thomas Hooker clergyman, father of American democracy, dies.
- 1668 - Isaac Newton receives MA from Trinity College, Cambridge.
- 1752 - Birth of Joseph-Marie Jacquard invented programmable loom.
- 1754 - Kings College in New York City opens (renamed Columbia College).
- 1768 - Firm of Johann Buddenbrook founded, in Thomas Mann's novel.
- 1770 - The Ottoman Turkish fleet is annihilated by Russian fleet at Chesma between the western tip of Anatolia and Chios.
- 1838 - Central American federation is dissolved.
- 1846 - US annexes California.
- 1851 - Birth of Lillien Jane Martin; psychologist, founded gerontology clinic.
- 1860 - Birth of Gustav Mahler Kalischat in Bohemia, Austria; composer/conductor (Titan).
- 1863 - First military draft by US (exemptions cost $100).
- 1865 - Four Abraham Lincoln assassination conspirators, including Mary Surratt, are hanged.
- 1867 - C H F Peters discovers asteroid #92 Undina.
- 1880 - The French national lottery completes funding for the Statue of Liberty.
- 1887 - Birth of Marc Chagall in Vitebsk, Russia; artist (I and The Village).
- 1891 - Travelers cheque is patented.
- 1892 - Andres Bonifacio establishes the revolutionary secret society Kataastaasan Kagalanggalang Katipunan, with aim being to liberate the Philippines from Spain.
- 1893 - Birth of Vladimir Mayakovsky in Soviet Georgia; poet (Ode to Revolution).
- 1897 - Birth of Arlene Harris in Toronto, Ontario, Canada; comedienne/actress (The Chatterbox - NBC's Al Pearce Gang radio show, Fannie Brice - Baby Snooks radio shows, Dick Van Dyke Show TV show (1964).
- 1898 - US President William McKinley signs resolution of annexation of Hawaiian Islands.
- 1899 - Birth of George Cukor; producer/director (Adam's Rib, Philadelphia Story).
- 1904 - A Charlois discovers asteroid #537 Pauly.
- 1907 - Birth of Robert A Heinlein; sci-fi author (Stranger in a Strange Land).
- 1908 - Birth of Harriette Arnow in Wayne County, Kentucky, USA; novelist (The Dollmaker).
- 1911 - Birth of Eddie Mayehoff in Baltimore, Maryland, USA; actor, bandleader, radio comedy writer, television emcee (Dad - That's My Boy movie, "Jarring" Jack Jackson - That's My Boy TV series, Hour Glass, Doc Corkle).
- 1911 - Birth of Gian Carlo in Menotti, Italy; composer (Amahl and Night Visitors).
- 1914 - Birth of Eddie Mayehoff in Baltimore, Maryland, USA; actor (Luv, How to Murder Your Wife).
- 1917 - Birth of Elton Britt in Marshall, Arkansas, USA; country singer ("Saturday Night Jamboree").
- 1917 - Birth of Lawrence F O'Brien; American politician (Watergate conspirators broke into his office).
- 1919 - Birth of William Kunstler; defense attorney (Chicago 8).
- 1920 - A radio compass device is used for the first time on a U.S. Navy airplane near Norfolk, Virginia.
- 1921 - Birth of Ezzard Charles; world heavyweight boxing champion (1950-51).
- 1922 - Birth of Artie Malivn in New York City, New York, USA; music director (Julie LaRosa, Steve Lawrence).
- 1922 - Birth of Pierre Cardin in Paris, France; fashion designer (Unisex).
- 1923 - Birth of Eduardo Fal£; Argentine guitarist ("Zamba de Vargas").
- 1923 - Birth of Jean Kerr in Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA; novelist (Please Don't Eat the Daisies).
- 1923 - Cleveland Indians beat Boston Red Sox 27-3 with 13 runs in 6th inning.
- 1923 - University of Delaware invents the "junior year abroad" (at Sorbonne).
- 1924 - Birth of Mary Ford AKA Colleen Summers in Pasadena, California, USA; singer ("How High the Moon", "Vaya Con Dios", "The World is Waiting for the Sunrise").
- 1924 - E Hertzsprung discovers asteroid #1702 Kalahari.
- 1924 - Robert LeGendre of the US sets long jump record at 25 feet 5.5 inches.
- 1927 - Birth of Alan Dixon; American politician (Senator-Democrat-Illinois).
- 1927 - Birth of Carl (Doc) Severinson in Arlington, Oregon, USA; bandleader, trumpeter (The Tonight Show).
- 1927 - Birth of Charlie Louvin in Rainsville, Alabama, USA; country singer (Louvin Brothers).
- 1927 - First disc-jockey presentation of a batch of music recordings, by Christopher Stone, for BBC radio.
- 1928 - Birth of Vincent Edwards in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actor (Dr Ben Casey, Death Stalk, Firehouse, Matt Lincoln).
- 1928 - Edward Hamm of the US sets long jump record at 25 feet 11 inches.
- 1930 - Construction of the Boulder Dam begins, in Boulder Canyon, Colorado.
- 1933 - Birth of Murray Halberg in New Zealand; 5000m runner (Olympic-gold-1960).
- 1934 - Elizabeth Ryan wins her 12th Wimbeldon doubles championship.
- 1936 - National League beats American League for their first All Star victory, 4-3 (Boston Braves Field).
- 1937 - American League beats National League 8-3 in 5th All Star Game (Griffith Stad, Washington).
- 1937 - Japanese and Chinese troops clash, which will become part of World War II.
- 1939 - James Deacon White, baseball player who jumped teams in 1876 (Chicago), dies at age 91.
- 1940 - Birth of Richard Starky AKA Ringo Starr; drummer (The Beatles), actor (Magic Christian).
- 1941 - US forces land in Iceland to defend the mid-Atlantic base.
- 1944 - Birth of Warren Entner; singer, guitarist (The Grass Roots).
- 1945 - Birth of Matti Salminen in Turku, Finland; bass player (King Philipp-Don Carlos).
- 1946 - Birth of Jean LeClerc; actor (Jeremy Hunter - All My Children).
- 1946 - Birth of Jim Day in Thornhill, Ontario, Canada; equestrian show jumper (Olympic-gold-1968).
- 1946 - Birth of Joe Spano in San Francisco, California, USA; actor (Henry Goldblume - Hill Street Blues, NYPD Blue, Navy NCIS).
- 1946 - Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini canonized as first American saint.
- 1947 - In New Mexico, USA, a secret operation is begun to recover wreckage of disc-shaped craft from crash site 75 miles north-west of Roswell Army Air Base, and four small human-like beings found dead 2 miles east of the crash site.
- 1947 - Birth of Gyanendra Bir Bikram in Nepal; King of Nepal (2001-2008).
- 1948 - Birth of Fred Brown; NBA player (Seattle SuperSonic).
- 1949 - Birth of Shelley Duvall in Houston, Texas, USA; actress (Popeye, Faery Tale Theater).
- 1951 - Birth of Roz Ryan in Detroit, Michigan, USA; actress (Amelia - Amen, Buzz Lightyear of Star Command).
- 1952 - The SS United States ocean liner arrives in Cornwall, England, from New York Harbor, completing its trans-Atlantic crossing in 3 days, 10 hours, 40 minutes, setting the record for crossing the Atlantic.
- 1954 - T.A.N.U. party founded in Tanzania.
- 1956 - Seven Army trucks loaded with dynamite explode in the middle of California, killing 1,100-1,200, destroying 2,000 buildings.
- 1958 - CBS airs the last See It Now TV show.
- 1959 - Birth of Bill Campbell; actor (The Rocketeer, Once and Again, The 4400).
- 1959 - National League beats American League 5-4 in 26th All Star Game (Pittsburgh' Forbes Field).
- 1959 - CBS premieres The Andy Williams Show 60-minute musical variety TV show.
- 1960 - Birth of Isabelle Boeri-Bégard in France; foils (Olympic-gold-1980).
- 1960 - Birth of Ralph Sampson; NBA center (Golden State Warriors, Houston Rockets).
- 1960 - USSR shoots down a US aircraft over Barents sea.
- 1962 - Bill Hartack becomes 8th jockey to win 3,000 horse races.
- 1962 - Birth of Clive "Doctor" Jackson; rocker (Dr and the Medics - "Laughing at Pieces").
- 1962 - Birth of Mark White; bassist (The Spin Doctors).
- 1963 - Birth of Perry Richardson in South Carolina, USA; bassist (Firehouse - "Love of a Lifetime").
- 1963 - Birth of Vonda Shepard; singer-songwriter (Ally McBeal TV show).
- 1964 - National League beats American League 7-4 at 35th All Star Game (Shea Stadium, New York).
- 1966 - Birth of Jim Gaffigan; actor-comedian (Welcome to New York, My Boys, That 70's Show).
- 1967 - The Beatles' song "All You Need is Love" is released.
- 1967 - Birth of Jason R Rich in Irvington, New York, USA; writer (Celebrity Teen Talk).
- 1967 - Death of Vivian Leigh at age 53; actress (Scarlet - Gone With the Wind).
- 1968 - Rock group "The Yardbirds" disband.
- 1968 - Birth of Jorja Fox; actress (ER, The West Wing, C.S.I.).
- 1969 - Birth of Cree Summer; actress (Freddie - A Different World, As Told By Ginger).
- 1969 - Canada's House of Commons approves equality of French and English languages.
- 1970 - Marjorie Rambeau, actress (Primrose Path, Torch Song), dies at age 80.
- 1970 - Sylvester Wiere, comedian (Wiere Brothers - "Ford Festival"), dies at age 60.
- 1972 - Billie Jean King beats Evonne Goolagong to win Wimbeldon tennis women's singles.
- 1973 - First all-US women's Wimbeldon, Billie Jean King beats Chris Evert.
- 1973 - 78 drown as flash flood sweeps a bus into a river (India).
- 1973 - All women board of directors takes control of ABA's Kentucky Colonels.
- 1973 - Baltimore Orioles pull their fourth triple play (5-4-3 versus Oakland Athletics).
- 1973 - Glenda Reiser (Canada) sets record women's mile (4:34.9).
- 1974 - Federal Republic of Germany beats Netherlands 2-1 for soccer's 10th World Cup in Munich.
- 1975 - TV soap opera Ryan's Hope premieres.
- 1975 - Juneau, Alaska, reaches a record high temperature: 90 degrees F.
- 1976 - Birth of Hamish Linklater; actor (New Adventures of Old Christine, American Dreams).
- 1978 - The Solomon Islands become independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1978 - Martina Navratilova captures Wimbledon defeating Chris Evert.
- 1980 - First solar-powered aircraft crosses English Channel.
- 1980 - Jim King completes riding Miracle Strip Roller coaster 368 hours.
- 1980 - Reginald Gardiner, actor (Great Dictator), dies at age 77.
- 1981 - First solar-powered aircraft, Solar Challenger, crosses English Channel.
- 1981 - Ben Plucknett of US throws discus 72.34m, but throw is disqualified.
- 1981 - Keefe Brasselle, actor (Be Our Guest), dies at age 58.
- 1981 - Birth of Synyster Gates; American guitarist (Avenged Sevenfold).
- 1982 - David Moorcroft of United Kingdom sets record for 5000m, 13:00.41.
- 1982 - Fred Stuthman, actor (Henry Adler - Hello Larry), dies at age 63.
- 1982 - Steve Scott of US runs the mile in a record 3:47.69.
- 1983 - Eleven-year-old Samantha Smith of Manchester, Maine, leaves for USSR, on invitation of Soviet leader.
- 1984 - Five die in a train crash in Williston, Vermont.
- 1985 - Boris Becker becomes the youngest player ever (17) to win the men's singles tennis at Wimbledon. He is also the first German to win the title.
- 1986 - US Supreme Court strikes down Gramm-Rudman deficit-reduction law.
- 1986 - Australian drug smugglers Kevin Barlow and Brian Chambers are executed in Malaysia.
- 1987 - Kiwanis Clubs end men-only tradition, vote to admit women.
- 1987 - New York Yankees trailing by 7 score 7 in 7th on 7/7 and 5 in 8th; beat Minnesota Twins 12-7.
- 1988 - Soviet Union launches Phobos 1 to probe Martian moon (unsuccessful).
- 1988 - Death of Jimmy Edwards at age 68 of pneumonia; comedian (Take It From Here radio show (1948-60)), Professor Jimmy Edwards - Whacko TV show).
- 1989 - Warner Bros. releases the film Lethal Weapon 2 to theaters.
- 1990 - Death of Bill Cullen at age 70 of cancer; American radio game show host (Quick as a Flash, Hit the Jackpot), TV game show host (The Price is Right), panellist (I've Got a Secret, To Tell the Truth).
- 1990 - Greg Lemond wins his third Tour de France (90:43:20 average 23.3 mph).
- 1990 - Martina Navratilova beats Zina Garrison for record 9th Wimbeldon title.
- 1991 - Michael Stich beats Boris Becker for Wimbeldon championship.
- 1991 - The Brioni Agreement ends the 10-day war in Slovenia.
- 1994 - Aden is occupied by troops from North Yemen.
- 1997 - Death of Michael Senior, journalist from Canada, shot dead by soldiers in Cambodia while photographing them looting following the coup.
- 1999 - In Rome, Hicham El Guerrouj runs the fastest mile ever recorded - 3:43:13.
- 2001 - Near the coast of Peru, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake occurs. Few deaths and injuries, but hundreds of buildings that had been weakened by the previous earthquakes were destroyed.
- 2003 - Corsica voters reject a referendum for increased autonomy for the region from France by a very narrow margin.
- 2004 - Death of Jeff Smith at age 65; TV chef (Frugal Gourmet), Methodist minister.
- 2005 - Four explosions rock the transport network in London, three on the London Underground and one on a bus; 56 people die and over 700 are injured.
- 2005 - Al-Qaeda admits to killing Egypt's Ambassador, Ihab al-Sherif.
- 2006 - Death of Syd Barrett at age 60 in cambridge, England; English singer, songwriter, guitarist, co-founder of Pink Floyd (born 1946).
- 2006 - Buena Vista releases the film Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest to theaters.
- 2007 - (to July 29) The 2007 Tour de France begins, with the grand départ being from London.
- 2007 - (to July 29) The Asian Cup 2007 Football (Soccer) tournament begins, taking place in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam.
- 2007 - Venus Williams wins the Women's Singles, at Wimbledon for a fourth time.
- 2007 - Live Earth Concerts are held throughout nine major cities around the world.
- 2008 - In Kabul, Afghanistan, a car bomb explodes outside the Indian embassy compound, killing 41, injuring 139. This is the worst such attack since the US invasion in 2001.
- 2008 - (to June 9) The 34th G8 summit is held in Toyako, Hokkaido, Japan.
- 2009 - French tennis player Mathieu Montcourt is found dead in the stairwell of his Paris apartment, at age 24.
- 2011 - The world's first artificial organ transplant is achieved, using an artificial windpipe coated with stem cells.
- 2014 - Death of Eduard Shevardnadze, 2nd President of Georgia (born 1928).
- 2016 - Danone agrees to pay US$12.5 billion to acquire White Wave Foods.
- 2017 - The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons is voted for by 122 states.
- 2019 - African Continental Free Trade Area is launched, with 54 members.
- 2019 - Germany's Deutsche Bank announces it is abandoning global stock trading.
- 2019 - General elections in Italy. Kyriakos Mitsotakis, leader of New Democracy, is new prime minister.
- 2019 - US team beats Dutch 2-0 to win FIFA women's football World Cup.
- 2021 - Haitian President Jovenel Moïse is shot to death at 1:00am local time in his home. First Lady Martine Moïse is injured and hospitalized.
- 2022 - UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson announces his resignation as leader of the ruling Conservative Party. Johnson will remain prime minister until his replacement is chosen, likely by September 5.
- 2022 - Death of Adam Wade at 87 of complications from Parkinson's disease at his home in Montclair, New Jersey, USA; host (Musical Chairs TV show).
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