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What happened in history on this day: July 25?
On July 25 in ...
- 306 - Roman Emperor constantius dies in York, England.
- 975 - Birth of Thietmar bishop of Merseburg, German chronicler.
- 1360 - Jews are expelled from Breslau Silesia.
- 1554 - Wedding of Mary of England and Philip of Spain at Winchester.
- 1564 - Death of Ferdinand I in Vienna, Austria; Holy Roman Emperor, and the king of Bohemia and Hungary.
- 1593 - France's Protestant King Henri IV converts to Roman Catholic.
- 1616 - Andreas Libavius German alchemist, dies.
- 1670 - Jews are expelled from Vienna Austria.
- 1729 - North Carolina becomes royal colony.
- 1759 - British capture Fort Niagara from French (7 Years' War).
- 1775 - Maryland issues currency depicting George III trampling Magna Carta.
- 1795 - The first stone of the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is laid.
- 1799 - French-Egyptian forces under Napolean I beat Turks at Battle of Abukir.
- 1814 - Battle of Niagara Falls (Lundy's Lane); Americans defeat British.
- 1822 - General Agustín de Iturbide is crowned Agustín I, first emperor of México.
- 1832 - First railroad accident in US, Granite Railway, Quincy, Massachusetts; one person dies.
- 1835 - In Dundee, Scotland, scientist James Bowman Lindsay successfully creates a practical electric lamp in a sealed glass jar.
- 1837 - Between Euston and Camden Town in London, England, William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone successfully demonstrate the first commercial use of an electric telegraph.
- 1840 - Birth of Flora Adams Darling; founded Daughters of American Revolution.
- 1848 - Birth of Arthur James Balfour; British Prime Minister (Conservative, 1902-05) (Balfour Declaration) (dies 1930).
- 1866 - Ulysses Grant is named first general of the Army.
- 1868 - Territory of Wyoming is created in the USA.
- 1871 - Carrousel patented by Wilhelm Schneider, in Davenport, Iowa, USA.
- 1883 - Birth of Alfredo Casella in Turin, Italy; composer (La Giara).
- 1884 - Birth of Davidson Black in Canada; doctor of anatomy (identified Peking Man).
- 1894 - Birth of Walter Brennan in Swampscott, Massachusetts, USA; actor (Real McCoys, At Gun Point, The Tycoon, The Guns of Will Sonnett, "Old Rivers", "Dutchman's Gold", three supporting actor Oscars).
- 1898 - First US troops land and occupy Puerto Rico, at Guanica Bay.
- 1899 - Birth of Ralph Dumke in Indiana, USA; actor (Movieland Quiz).
- 1902 - Birth of Eric Hoffer; longshoreman/author (True Believer).
- 1905 - Birth of Elias Canetti; Bulgarian/British novelist/essayist (Nobel Prize 1981).
- 1908 - Birth of Jack Gilford AKA Yankel Gellman in New York City, New York, USA; character actor (Cracker Jacks commercials (1960-1972), Soap TV show, The Duck Factory, Apple Pie, Paul Sand in Friends and Lovers, David Frost Revue, Save the Tiger, Cocoon, Arthur 2).
- 1909 - Louis Blériot of France makes the first flight across the English Channel (Calais to Dover) in a heavier-than-air machine in 37 minutes.
- 1912 - Comoros is proclaimed a French colony.
- 1918 - Race riot in Chester, Pennsylvania, USA (three blacks and two whites killed).
- 1920 - The first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast takes place, by the Canadian Marconi Company from Signal Hill, Newfoundland to the SS Victoria.
- 1920 - Boston Red Sox turn triple-play, but Babe Ruth's 35th home run leads New York Yankees to 8-2 win.
- 1923 - Birth of Estelle Sher AKA Estelle Getty in New York City, New York, USA; American actor (Sophia Petrillo - The Golden Girls).
- 1924 - Birth of Frank Church; American politician (Senator-Democrat-Idaho).
- 1925 - Birth of Jerry Paris in San Francisco, California, USA; director/actor (Jerry - Dick Van Dyke Show).
- 1927 - Birth of Midge Decter in Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA; anti woman's lib (Liberated Woman...).
- 1930 - Birth of Maureen Forrester in Montreal, Quebec, Canada; contralto (Ressurection Symphony).
- 1930 - Philadelphia Athletics triple steal in the first and fourth innings versus Cleveland Indians.
- 1932 - Poland and the Soviet Union sign a five-year Non-Aggression Pact.
- 1932 - Birth of Paul J Weitz in Erie, Pennsylvania, USA; astronaut (Skylab 2, STS 6).
- 1934 - Nazis assassinate Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss of Austria.
- 1934 - Birth of Don Ellis in Los Angeles, California, USA; jazz musician and composer (The French Connection movie score (1973)).
- 1935 - Birth of Barbara Harris; actress (Plaza Suite, Family Plot, The Nurses, Stand Up and Cheer).
- 1935 - Birth of Laurent Terzieff in Paris, France; actor (Pharoah - Moses the Law Giver).
- 1935 - C Jackson discovers asteroid #1641 Tana.
- 1936 - G Neujmin discovers asteroid #3761.
- 1939 - TV station W2XBS in New York City presents television's first musical comedy: Topsy and Eva.
- 1939 - New York Yankees player Atley Donald sets American League rookie record with 12 consecutive wins.
- 1940 - Birth of John Pennel; pole vaulter (James E Sullivan Award-1963).
- 1941 - Birth of Nate Thurmond; NBA star (Cleveland Cavaliers).
- 1941 - Boston Red Sox player Lefty Grove becomes 12th to win 300 games (his last victory).
- 1943 - In Italy, King Victor Emmanuel III has Premier Benito Mussolini arrested, and appoints Marshal Pietro Badoglio as premier.
- 1943 - Birth of Janet Margolin in New York City, New York, USA; actress (Take the Money and Run, David and Lisa).
- 1943 - Birth of Jim McCarty; rocker (The Yardbirds - "For Your Love").
- 1943 - (0103 hours) The first wave of British bombers arrive at Hamburg, Germany, dropping 1000- to 8000-pound bombs. Within minutes much of the city is a raging firestorm. 1346 tons of high explosives and 931 tons of incendiaries are dropped, setting 55 miles of streets ablaze. 1500 are killed, and over 20,000 made homeless. 12 bombers are shot down.
- 1944 - (0938 hours) In France, Operation Cobra begins, with eight squadrons of the US 8th Air Force bombers attacking an area south of the St.Lô-Périers highway, in preparation for a breakout operation by the US 1st Army. 1500 heavy bombers, 380 medium bombers, and 550 fighter-bombers drop 4000 tons of bombs and napalm. Short bombing kills 111 Americans, and injures 490. The operation is incredibly effective.
- 1944 - In France, the U.S. 1st Army breaks through enemy positions near St. Lô.
- 1944 - First jet fighter used in combat (German Messerschmitt 262).
- 1944 - Birth of Jim McCarty; drummer (The Yardbirds).
- 1945 - Birth of Donna Theodore; Broadway singer (Hollywood Talent Scouts).
- 1946 - US detonates underwater atomic bomb at Bikini (5th atomic explosion).
- 1947 - US Air Force, Navy and War Departments form US Department of Defense.
- 1947 - US Department of the Army created.
- 1948 - Birth of Steve Goodman in Chicago, Illinois, USA; singer/songwriter ("Somebody Elses Trouble").
- 1949 - Saint Louis Cardinals' Stan Musial hits for the cycle beating Brooklyn Dodgers 14-1.
- 1950 - Goethe Link Observatory discovers asteroid #1799 Koussevitzky.
- 1951 - Birth of Verdine White; bassist (Earth, Wind and Fire).
- 1952 - Puerto Rico officially becomes a U.S commonwealth.
- 1952 - Goethe Link Observatory discovers asteroid #1788 Kiess.
- 1952 - CBC/Radio Canada TV covers a Montreal Royals baseball game, the first experimental Canadian telecast.
- 1953 - New York City Transit Authority raises transit fare from 10 to 15 cents, and debuts transit tokens.
- 1954 - Birth of Lynn Frederick in Middlesex, England; actress (Schizophrenia).
- 1954 - Birth of Walter Payton; NFL running back (Chicago Bears) (dies 1999).
- 1955 - Birth of Iman; model/actress (Star Trek VI, Tyra Banks Show, Project Runway).
- 1956 - (11:20 PM) Italian luxury liner Andrea Doria (29,000 tons) collides with Swedish-American Line steamship M.S. Stockholm (12,600 tons) in the North Atlantic, off the coast of Nantucket, USA. The Andrea Doria is struck midship; the Stockholm loses a portion of its bow, with the loss of five lives.
- 1956 - Jordanians attack United Nations' Palestine truce.
- 1957 - Birth of Bogdan Musiol in German Democratic Republic; bobsled (Olympic-bronze-1980).
- 1957 - Monarchy in Tunisa abolished in favor of a republic.
- 1958 - "Sensational" Sherri Martel wins wrestling's WWF woman's title.
- 1958 - Death of Harry Warner at age 76; pioneer Hollywood film executive (Warner Bros.).
- 1958 - Birth of Thurston Moore; guitarist (Sonic Youth).
- 1959 - Dr Isaac Halevi Herzog, chief rabbi of Israel (1936-59), dies at age 71.
- 1961 - Birth of Katherine Kelly Lang in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Brooke - The Bold and the Beautiful).
- 1961 - New York Yankees' Roger Maris hits home runs 37, 38, 39 and 40 in a double header.
- 1961 - Birth of Bobbie Eakes; actress-singer (All My Children, The Bold and the Beautiful).
- 1963 - US, Russia, and England sign nuclear test ban treaty.
- 1964 - The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night" album goes #1 and stays #1 for 14 weeks.
- 1964 - Race riot in Rochester, New York, USA.
- 1965 - Birth of Illeana Douglas; actress (Action, Law and Order SVU).
- 1965 - Musician Bob Dylan uses electric guitars at the Newport Folk Festival.
- 1966 - New York Yankees' manager Casey Stengel elected to Baseball Hall of Fame.
- 1967 - Birth of Matt LeBlanc; actor (Joey, Friends).
- 1968 - H Wroblewski discovers asteroid #1993 Guacolda.
- 1968 - Pope Paul VI publishes encyclical on the regulation of birth, reaffirms stand against artificial birth control.
- 1969 - 70,000 attend Seattle Pop Festival, Washington State.
- 1969 - Birth of D.B. Woodside; actor (24).
- 1969 - In Yangjiang, Guangdong, China, a magnitude 5.9 earthquake occurs, killing about 3,000 people. More than 10,700 houses collapsed and about 36,000 were severely damaged in Yangjiang County.
- 1970 - In Kyushu, Japan, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurs.
- 1971 - Birth of Miriam Shor; actress (Swingtown).
- 1972 - National League beats American League 4-3 in 43rd All Star Game (Fulton County Stadium, Atlanta, Georgia).
- 1972 - US health officials concede blacks were used as guinea pigs in 40-year syphilis experiment.
- 1973 - The Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
- 1974 - T Smirnova discovers asteroid #2345 Fucik.
- 1975 - A Chorus Line, longest-running Broadway show (6,137), premieres.
- 1975 - Birth of Jay R Ferguson Junior in Dallas, Texas; actor (Taylor Newton - Evening Shade).
- 1978 - Two Puerto Rican pro-independence activists are killed in a police ambush.
- 1978 - Birth of Louise Brown, British citizen, first human born through in vitro fertilization ("test tube baby").
- 1978 - Bob Lemon replaces Billy Martin as New York Yankees' manager.
- 1978 - Cincinnati Reds' Pete Rose sets National League record hitting in 38 consecutive games.
- 1981 - Ian Martin, actor (Uncle Bill - O'Neills), dies at age 69.
- 1981 - Voyager 2 encounters Saturn.
- 1983 - First nonhuman primate (baboon) conceived in a lab dish, San Antonio, Texas.
- 1983 - Washington Public Power Supply System defaults on US$2.25 billion loan.
- 1984 - Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya performs a space walk.
- 1984 - Death of Willie Mae Thornton at age 57 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California, USA; blues singer ("Hound Dog" (1953)).
- 1985 - Birth of James Lafferty; American athlete, actor (One Tree Hill).
- 1987 - Malcolm Baldrige, US Secretary of Commerce, dies of internal injuries.
- 1987 - Sherri Martel beats Fabulous Moolah for WWF Woman's Championship Belt.
- 1987 - USSR launches Kosmos 1870, 15-ton Earth-study satellite.
- 1987 - The Fox TV network airs the first episode of Down and Out in Beverly Hills.
- 1990 - Kansas City Royals' player George Brett hits for the cycle.
- 1990 - Nadezhda Ryashkina of USSR sets 10km walk woman's record (41:56.23).
- 1990 - Roseanne Barr sings the National Anthem at San Diego Padres game.
- 1990 - US Ambassador tells Iraq US won't take sides in Iraq-Kuwait dispute.
- 1990 - The Serbian Democratic Party declares the sovereignty of the Serbs in Croatia.
- 1990 - George Carey, Bishop of Bath and Wells, is named as the new Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 1991 - The US Treasury and the Federal Reserve introduce two anti-counterfeiting features to 1990 $100 Federal Reserve Notes: a clear polyester security thread with "USA100" printed repeatedly on it, and continuous microprinting of "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" around the portrait of Benjamin Franklin.
- 1992 - (to August 9) Games of the XXV Olympiad are held in Barcelona, Spain.
- 1992 - Death of Alfred Drake at age 77 in New York, USA; actor and singer (Oklahoma! (1943), Kismet (1954 Tony Award)).
- 1994 - Israel and Jordan sign the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace, which formally ends the state of war that has existed between the nations since 1948.
- 1995 - The last episode of the TV show Thunder Alley airs.
- 1995 - The tanker Sea Prince burns off South Korea, leaking estimated 816,000 litres of fuel oil forming a slick 32km in diameter.
- 1995 - Death of Charlie Rich at age 62 from a blood clot in the lung in Hammond, Louisiana, USA; country singer ("Behind Closed Doors" (1973, Grammy award), "Lonely Weekends", "The Most Beautiful Girl").
- 1997 - K.R. Narayanan is sworn in as India's 10th president and the first member of the Dalit caste to hold this office.
- 1997 - First light at the Swiss Light Source.
- 1997 - Sony releases the film Air Force One to theaters.
- 1998 - The United States Navy commissions the aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman and puts her into service.
- 1998 - 63 are sickened and four killed by arsenic in a festival in the town in Wakayama Prefecture in Japan; Masumi Hayashi is arrested for murder.
- 1999 - Lance Armstrong wins his first Tour de France (cycling).
- 1999 - Death of Martin Agronsky at age 84 of congestive heart failure; print and TV journalist (NBC's Meet the Press, CBS's Face the Nation, PBS' Agronsky and Company).
- 2000 - Air France Flight 4590, a Concorde aircraft, crashes into a hotel in Gonesse just after takeoff from Paris, killing all 109 aboard and four in the hotel. The jet hit runway debris, preventing a proper takeoff.
- 2001 - (to September 23) Over Kerala, India, rain sporadically falls with colors red, yellow, green, and black, the result of the atmospheric disintegration of a comet.
- 2002 - Kardinal Joachim Degenhardt, German Archbishop of Paderborn dies at age 76.
- 2002 - Queen Elizabeth II opens the XVII Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England. The Games run until August 4.
- 2003 - Death of Erik Braunn ar age 52 of cardiac arrest in Los Angeles, California, USA; lead guitarist (Iron Butterfly - "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida" (1968)), songwriter, musician, producer.
- 2004 - Over 100,000 opponents of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan of 2004 participate in a human chain from Gush Katif, to the Western Wall, Jerusalem (90 kilometres).
- 2004 - Paul Molitor and Dennis Eckersley are inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Broadcaster Lon Simmons wins the Ford C. Frick Award and writer Murray Chass wins the J.G. Taylor Spink Award.
- 2004 - Lance Armstrong of Austin, Texas wins an unprecedented 6th consecutive Tour de France cycling title.
- 2005 - The 2004-2005 National Hockey League lockout ends.
- 2007 - Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.
- 2008 - A series of seven bomb blasts rock Bangalore, India, killing two and injuring 20.
- 2009 - The last British survivor of the World War I trenches, Harry Patch, dies at age 111 in Wells, Somerset.
- 2010 - Carl Pettersson of Sweden wins a one-shot victory (67) at the Canadian Open of golf at St. George's Golf and Country Club in Toronto, Ontario. He earns US$918,000 for the victory.
- 2010 - Wikileaks, an online publisher of anonymous, covert, and classified material, leaks to the public over 90,000 internal reports about the United States-led involvement in the War in Afghanistan from 2004 to 2010.
- 2010 - Alberto Contador of Spain wins his third Tour de France bicycle race in four years.
- 2016 - Verizon announces it will pay US$4.8 billion to acquire Yahoo!'s core business.
- 2018 - Scientists report the presence of a subglacial lake on Mars, 1.5 km (0.93 mi) below the southern polar ice cap and extending sideways about 20 km (12 mi), the first known body of water on the planet.
- 2020 - North Korean leader Kim Jong-un convenes an emergency meeting, declares a state of emergency, and orders the lockdown of Kaesong after a person suspected of having COVID-19 returned from South Korea.
- 2021 - Tunisian president Kais Saied formally takes power in the country, suspending the parliament and sacking the prime minister.
- 2022 - Death of Paul Sorvino at age 83 of natural causes at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Italian American actor (That Championship Season Broadway play (1972), Reds movie (1981), Henry Kissinger - Nixon (1981), Lord Capulet - Romeo + Juliet movie (1996), Sergeant Phil Cerreta - Law & Order TV show, Paulie Cicero - Goodfellas movie), opera singer, sculptor, author.
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