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What happened in history on this day: July 27?
On July 27 in ...
- 432 - Saint Celestine I ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
- 1501 - Copernicus formally installed as canon of Frauenberg Cathedral.
- 1586 - Sir Walter Raleigh brings first tobacco to England from Virginia.
- 1661 - Parliament confirms the Navigation Act.
- 1689 - Jacobite Scottish Highlanders defeat royal force at Killiecrankie.
- 1689 - Death of commander Viscount Dundee at battle of Killiecrankie.
- 1694 - Bank of England receives royal charter.
- 1768 - Birth of Charlotte Corday assassin of Jean-Paul Marat.
- 1789 - US Congress establishes Department of Foreign Affairs (State department).
- 1801 - Birth of George Biddle Airyy; 7th Astronomer Royal.
- 1816 - US troops attack Fort Blount on Apalachicola Bay, Florida.
- 1824 - Birth of Alexandre Dumas in France; playwright/novelist (Camille).
- 1835 - Birth of Giosuè Carducci in Italy; poet (Nobel Prize 1906).
- 1836 - Adelaide, South Australia is founded.
- 1837 - US Mint opens a branch mint in Charlotte, North Carolina.
- 1857 - Birth of José Celso Barbosa in Puerto Rico; founder of Federalist Party in 1900.
- 1861 - US General George McClellan takes command of Potamic Army.
- 1862 - Steamer Golden Gate burns and sinks off west coast of Mexico.
- 1866 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed (1,686 miles long), allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.
- 1867 - Birth of Enrique Granados in Lérida, Spain; composer (Maria del Carmen).
- 1870 - Birth of Joseph Hilaire Belloc in England; author (Path to Rome).
- 1877 - Birth of Ernö (Ernst von) Dohnányi in Hungary; composer (Message to Posterity).
- 1879 - C H F Peters discovers asteroid #200 Dynamene.
- 1880 - Battle of Maiwand in Afghanistan. The British force of 2476 men lose 969 dead and 177 wounded. Afghans lose about 3000 out of about 25,000. The British are forced to retreat to Kabul.
- 1880 - Birth of Donald Crisp in Scotland; actor (How Green Was My Valley, Pollyana).
- 1880 - Birth of Joseph Tinker; baseball Hall of Famer, 1/3 of famous double play combo.
- 1883 - Montgomery Blair, lawyer (Dred Scot V Sandford), dies at age 70.
- 1890 - Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh shoots himself.
- 1899 - Birth of Harl McDonald near Boulder, Colorado, USA; composer (Santa Fé Trail).
- 1904 - Birth of Anton Dolin; dancer (Girl From Petrovka).
- 1905 - J Palisa discovers asteroid #569 Misa.
- 1906 - Birth of Leo Durocher in Massachusetts, USA; baseball manager (Brooklyn Dodgers, New York Giants).
- 1908 - A Kopff discovers asteroid #668 Dora.
- 1912 - Birth of Igor Markevitch in Kiev, Ukraine; conductor (Le Paradis Perdo).
- 1915 - Haiti Chief of the Arrondisement of Port-au-Prince Charles Oscar is taken from a Consulate by angry mob, and torn apart in the streets, in revenge for killing 300 political prisoners, earlier in the day.
- 1916 - Birth of Keenan (Francis Xavier Aloysius) Wynn in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Dr Strangelove, The Absent Minded Professor, Dallas TV show, The Last Precinct TV show, Zero Hour TV show).
- 1918 - Birth of Leonard Rose in Washington DC, USA; concert cellist (New York Philharmonic 1943-51).
- 1918 - Socony 200, first concrete barge in US, launched to carry oil, in New York.
- 1919 - Chicago, Illinois, race riot (15 whites and 23 blacks killed, 500 injured).
- 1920 - Birth of Henry D. (Homer) Haynes near Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; country comedy duo of Homer and Jethro ("The Battle of Kookamonga", "That Hound Dog in the Window").
- 1920 - Birth of Beatrice Pearson in Texas, USA; actress (Moving Finger).
- 1920 - Resolute beats Shamrock IV (England) in 14th running of America's Cup.
- 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin.
- 1922 - Birth of Lillian Hayman in Baltimore, Maryland, USA; actress (Leslie Uggams Show).
- 1922 - Birth of Norman Lear; TV writer/producer (All in The Family, Maude, Good Times).
- 1924 - Games of the VIII Olympiad closes in Paris, France.
- 1924 - Birth of Vincent Canby; critic (New York Times).
- 1929 - Birth of Harvey Fuqua; vocalist (The Moonglows - "Sincerely").
- 1931 - Birth of Jerry Van Dyke in Danville, Illinois, USA; American comedian and actor (My Mother the Car, Coach).
- 1933 - Birth of Nick Reynolds; singer (Kingston Trio).
- 1933 - G Van Biesbroeck discovers asteroid #1312 Vassar.
- 1933 - K Reinmuth discovers asteroid #1284 Latvia.
- 1937 - Birth of Chuck Jackson in Latta, South Carolina, USA; singer ("Any Day Now").
- 1937 - Birth of Don Galloway in Brooksville, Kentucky, USA; actor (Arrest and Trial, Ironside, General Hospital).
- 1938 - Birth of Shirley Anne Field in England; actress (Alfie, War Lover).
- 1939 - Birth of Irv Cross; NFL sportscaster (CBS-TV).
- 1939 - Birth of James Victor in Puerto Rico; actor (Boulevard Night, Streets of LA).
- 1940 - The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character Bugs Bunny.
- 1940 - Billboard magazine starts publishing bestseller charts.
- 1941 - Japanese forces land in Indo-China.
- 1942 - Birth of Barbara Ferris in London, England; actress (Nice Girl Like Me).
- 1942 - Birth of John Pleshette in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Richard - Knots Landing, 7th Avenue, Murder One).
- 1943 - Birth of Stu Gilliam in Detroit, Michigan, USA; actor/comedian (Roll Out, Harris and Company).
- 1944 - First British jet fighter used in combat (Gloster Meteor).
- 1944 - US regains possession of Guam from Japanese.
- 1946 - Boston Red Sox player Rudy York hits two grand slams in one game.
- 1947 - Birth of Betty Thomas in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; actress (Lucy Baines - Hill Street Blues).
- 1948 - Birth of Peggy Fleming in San Jose, California, USA; ice figure skater (Olympic-gold-1968).
- 1948 - Birth of Betty Thomas; actress-director (Hill Street Blues).
- 1949 - Birth of Maureen McGovern in Youngstown, Ohio, USA; singer ("Got to be a Morning After").
- 1949 - Birth of Maury Chaykin; actor (A Nero Wolfe Mystery, Emily of New Moon).
- 1949 - The de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner, makes its initial flight.
- 1951 - Birth of Janet Eilber in Detroit, Michigan, USA; actress (Hard to Hold, Romantic Comedy).
- 1952 - Birth of Roxanne Hart; actress (Chicago Hope, Dream On, Medium).
- 1953 - Armistice signed at Panmunjom ends Korean War. During the fighting, 54,000 American soldiers were killed.
- 1954 - Armistice divides Vietnam into two countries.
- 1955 - Austria regains full independence after four-power occupation.
- 1955 - Goethe Link Observatory discovers asteroid #1751 Herget.
- 1956 - Birth of Duncan Cameron; country guitarist (Sawyer Brown).
- 1960 - Vice President Richard Nixon nominated for president at Republican convention in Chicago, Illinois.
- 1962 - Martin Luther King Junior jailed in Albany, Georgia.
- 1967 - Birth of Sasha Mitchell in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor (Spike of Bensonhurst).
- 1968 - Birth of Julian McMahon; actor (Nip/Tuck).
- 1968 - Race Riot in Gary, Indiana.
- 1969 - Pioneer 10 launched.
- 1972 - Birth of Maya Rudolph; comedian (Saturday Night Live).
- 1972 - NHL star Maurice "Rocket" Richard signs with WHL Quebec Nordiques.
- 1973 - Walter Blum becomes 6th jockey to ride 4,000 winners.
- 1974 - House Judiciary Committee votes 27-11 recommending President Richard Nixon impeachment.
- 1974 - NBC-TV airs the last episode of Dinah's Place TV show.
- 1976 - Ray Brennan becomes first to die of "Legionnaire's Disease".
- 1976 - In Tangshan, China, a magnitude 7.5 earthquake occurs. Official casualty figure is 255,000 deaths. Estimated death toll as high as 655,000. 799,000 injured and extensive damage in the Tang-Shan area. This is the second greatest earthquake in recorded history.
- 1977 - John Lennon is granted a green card for permanent residence in US.
- 1980 - In Northeast Kentucky, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake occurs. Felt in 15 states and in parts of southern Ontario, Canada.
- 1980 - Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, dies in Cairo, Egypt at age 60 (born 1919).
- 1981 - Death of Adam Walsh, American murder victim, inspired Code Adam (born 1974).
- 1981 - Ray Harrison, dancer (American Song), dies at age 64.
- 1982 - Death of Dan Seymour at age 68; radio announcer, actor (We the People, Sing it Again), CEO (J. Walter Thompson adertising agency).
- 1982 - Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's first visit to US in almost 11 years.
- 1983 - Polish leader General Wojciech Jaruzelski lifts martial law.
- 1984 - Pete Rose passes Ty Cobb as the Major Baseball League all-time single base hit leader as he collects his 3,053rd.
- 1984 - Death of James Mason at age 75 of a heart attack at his Swiss home; actor (AD, George Washington, The Search for Alexander the Great, Search for the Nile, Jesus of Nazareth).
- 1986 - Death of Leroy Holmes at age 72 in Los Angeles, California, USA; composer-arranger (The High and the Mighty movie theme), conductor (NBC Tonight Show Orchestra (1956-57)).
- 1986 - Greg LeMond wins the Tour de France.
- 1987 - John Demjanjuk, accused German "Ivan the Terrible" testifies in Israel.
- 1988 - Radio Shack announces the Tandy 1000 SL computer.
- 1989 - Atlanta Braves' player Dale Murphy is 10th to get six RBIs in an inning (6th).
- 1990 - The last Citroën 2CV rolls off the production line at Mangualde, Portugal.
- 1990 - Death of Bobby Day at age 60 of cancer in Los Angeles, California, USA; singer ("Rock-in Robin" (1956), "Little Bitty Pretty One").
- 1990 - Kim Thomas-Friedland, news anchor (FNN), dies at age 32.
- 1990 - Belarus declares its sovereignty, a key step toward independence from the USSR.
- 1990 - The parliament building and a government television house in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago are stormed by the Jamaat al Muslimeen in a coup d'état attempt which lasts five days. Approximately 26 to 30 people are killed and several wounded (including Prime Minister, A.N.R. Robinson, who is shot in the leg).
- 1991 - TV Guide publishes its 2000th edition.
- 1992 - Death of Anthony Salerno, member of the U.S. La Cosa Nostra and a leader in the Genovese Family (born 1911).
- 1994 - Birth of Princess Mafalda-Ceceilia of Bulgaria.
- 1995 - In Washington, DC, the Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated.
- 1995 - Disney agrees to buy Capital Cities / ABC for one Disney share plus US$65 cash per ABC share. Total value of the deal is about US$20 billion.
- 1996 - The Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta kills one and injures 111.
- 1997 - Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria; about 50 people killed.
- 1997 - In Canada, the Toronto Transit Commission opens its Spadina light rail transit line.
- 1999 - Twenty-one people die in a canyoning disaster near Interlaken, Switzerland.
- 2001 - Fox releases the film Planet of the Apes to theaters.
- 2002 - Helen Clark, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, is re-elected in a historic landslide victory over the Right Wing.
- 2002 - A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes at an air show in Ukraine, killing 78 and injuring more than 100 others (the largest air show disaster in history).
- 2003 - The Greek-registered MV Tasman Spirit oil tanker runs aground off Pakistan's Arabian Sea port Karachi, later splitting in two and dumping most of its cargo of 11 million litres of oil.
- 2005 - Birth of Princess Alexia of the Netherlands, daughter of Prince Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands.
- 2007 - Nikola Radosavljevic shoots dead nine people and wounds two in village Jabukovac in eastern Serbia.
- 2007 - Two television news helicopters collide in midair while covering a police chase in Phoenix, Arizona, killing both pilots and two photojournalists.
- 2007 - Fox releases the film The Simpsons Movie to theaters.
- 2008 - At least 17 are killed and over 154 wounded in two blasts in Istanbul.
- 2008 - Carlos Sastre wins the Tour de France bicycle race in France.
- 2008 - Rafael Nadal wins his second Rogers Cup tennis championship in Toronto, Ontario, Canada with a 6-3, 6-2 win over German Nicolas Kiefer in the final. In the men's doubles final, Toronto's Daniel Nestor and partner Nenad Zimonjic of Serbia defeat the American pairing of Bob and Mike Bryan 6-2, 4-6, 10-6.
- 2008 - In the general election in Cambodia, 90 seats of the 123-seat national assembly are won by the Cambodian People's Party with leader Hun Sen.
- 2008 - Relief pitcher Rich "Goose" Gossage and former manager Dick Williams are inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York.
- 2012 - (to August 12) The 2012 Summer Olympics are held in London, England, United Kingdom.
- 2015 - Peru soldiers and police rescue 26 people ept as slaves up to 30 years by Shining Path group Maoist, created by Abimael Guzmán.
- 2018 - The longest total lunar eclipse of the 21st century occurs, and Mars makes its closest approach to Earth since 2003.
- 2020 - Death of Owen Arthur, 5th Prime Minister of Barbados (born 1949).
- 2022 - Death of Sir Christopher Meyer at age 78; ambassador (UK ambassador to USA), press secretary (to UK Prime Minister John Major).
- 2022 - Death of Tony Dow from liver cancer at age 77; actor (Wally - Leave it to Beaver TV show (1957-1963)).
- 2022 - Death of Mary Alice at age 85 at home in Manhayyan, New York, USA; actor (A Different World, Sparkle).
- 2022 - Death of Bernard Cribbins at age 93; character actor (Jackanory, The Wombles, The Railway Children).
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