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What happened in history on this day: July 30?
On July 30 in ...
- 579 - Death of Catholic Pope Benedict I.
- 657 - Saint Vitalian begins his reign as Catholic Pope.
- 762 - Baghdad is founded.
- 768 - Constantine ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
- 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
- 1511 - Birth of Giorgio Vasari painter/architect/art historian (Vasari's Lives).
- 1549 - Birth of Ferdinando l de' Medici (dies 1609).
- 1619 - House of Burgesses Virginia formed, first elective US governing body.
- 1715 - 11 Spanish treasure galleons from Havana heading to Spain sink in 100mph hurricane winds off Saint Lucie, Florida, in Old Bahama Channel. Almost 1000 passengers and crew are killed.
- 1729 - City of Baltimore founded.
- 1733 - Society of Freemasons opens first American lodge in Boston.
- 1792 - 500 Marseillaisian men sing France's national anthem for first time.
- 1811 - Death of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, executed by Spanish firing squad during Mexican War of Independence.
- 1818 - Birth of Emily Brontë in England; novelist (Wuthering Heights).
- 1822 - James Varick becomes first bishop of African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.
- 1844 - First US yacht club organized, New York Yacht Club.
- 1855 - Birth of James Edward Kelly; US sculptor "Sculptor of American History".
- 1857 - Birth of Thorstein Veblen; US economist (Theory of the Leisure Class - 1899).
- 1863 - Birth of Henry Ford in Dearborn Township, Michigan, USA; auto maker (Ford) (dies 1947).
- 1863 - US President Abraham Lincoln issues "eye-for-eye" order to shoot a rebel prisoner.
- 1865 - Side-wheel steamship Brother Jonathan strikes a rock and breaks up off Crescent City, California. The ship was carrying $200,000 in army payroll, and possibly hundreds of thousands of dollars in gold coins and bars.
- 1870 - Staten Island ferry Westfield burns, killing 100.
- 1874 - First baseball teams to play outside US, Boston-Philadelphia in British Isles.
- 1880 - Birth of Robert Rutherford McCormick; US editor/publisher (Chicago Tribune).
- 1887 - Birth of Timothy Mara; NFL owner (New York Giants).
- 1889 - Birth of Vladimir Zworykin; electronics engineer/inventor, father of TV.
- 1890 - Birth of Casey Stengel; New York Yankees (1949-60) and first New York Mets manager.
- 1898 - Birth of Henry Moore in England; sculptor (Vertebrae).
- 1899 - Birth of Gerald Moore in England; pianist (Am I Too Loud).
- 1905 - M Wolf discovers asteroid #570 Kythera.
- 1908 - Around the World Automobile Race ends in Paris, France.
- 1909 - Birth of Cyril Northcote in Parkinson, England; historian (Pursuit of Progress).
- 1911 - J Palisa discovers asteroid #716 Berkeley.
- 1914 - Jean Jaurés, leading socialist, is assassinated in Paris, France.
- 1916 - G Neujmin discovers asteroid #951 Gaspra.
- 1916 - German saboteurs blow up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island, New Jersey, USA.
- 1921 - Birth of Grant Johannesen in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; pianist (Osténd first prize 1947).
- 1922 - K Reinmuth discovers asteroid #983 Gunila.
- 1924 - Birth of William Gass in Fargo, North Dakota, USA; novelist, philosopher (Omensetter's Luck).
- 1925 - Birth of Jacques Sernas in Lithuana; actor (La Dolce Vita, Helen of Troy).
- 1928 - George Eastman demonstrates first color movie.
- 1929 - Birth of Christine McGuire in Middletown, Ohio, USA; singer (McGuire Sisters - "Sugartime").
- 1929 - Birth of Sid Kroft in Athens, Greece; puppeteer (Barbara Mandrell Show).
- 1930 - Uruguay beats Argentina 4-2 for FIFA soccer's first World Cup in Montevideo.
- 1931 - Birth of Joan Vohs in Saint Albans, New York, USA; actress (Fort Ti, Vice Squad, Sabrina).
- 1932 - Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood premieres the Silly Symphony film Flowers and Trees. This is the first full color cartoon.
- 1932 - (to August 14) The Games of the X Olympiad are held in Los Angeles, California, USA.
- 1932 - G Van Biesbroeck discovers asteroid #2253 Espinette.
- 1933 - Birth of Edd "Kookie" Byrnes in Louisiana, USA; actor (77 Sunset Strip, Jack the Ripper).
- 1934 - Birth of Ben Piazza in Arkansas, USA; actor (Blues Brothers, Ben Casey, Dallas).
- 1936 - Birth of Ralph Taeger in Richmond Hill, New York, USA; actor (Klondike, Acapulco, Hondo).
- 1937 - Philadelphia Phillies' Dolph Camilli plays first base and registers no put outs.
- 1938 - Birth of Vayachselav Ivanenko in USSR; 50km walker (Olympic-gold-1988).
- 1938 - C Jackson discovers asteroid #1467 Mashona.
- 1939 - Birth of Eleanor Smeal; heads National Organization for Women.
- 1939 - Birth of Peter Bogdanovich; director/producer (The Last Picture Show).
- 1940 - Birth of Patricia Schroeder; American politician (Representative-Democrat-Colorado).
- 1940 - Birth of Reva Rose in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actress (Temperature's Rising).
- 1940 - Estonia issues its last postage stamps (until 1991).
- 1941 - Birth of Count Desmond (Edward Benjamin) in Binghamton, New York, USA; sword swallower.
- 1941 - Birth of Paul Anka in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; singer ("Put Your Head on My Shoulder").
- 1942 - US President Franklin Roosevelt signs bill creating women's Navy auxiliary agency (WAVES).
- 1942 - German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia.
- 1945 - Birth of David Sanborn; saxophonist (Late Night with David Letterman).
- 1945 - Just after midnight, Japanese submarine I-58 strikes USS Indianapolis with two torpedoes, sinking the ship in 12 minutes.
- 1946 - First rocket attains 100 miles (167 km) altitude, White Sands, New Mexico, USA.
- 1947 - Birth of Arnold Schwarzenegger in Austria; body builder, American actor (Commando, Terminator), governor of California.
- 1947 - Birth of William Atherton in Connecticut, USA; actor (Real Genius, Ghostbusters, Class of 44).
- 1948 - Professional wrestling premieres on prime-time network TV (DuMont).
- 1950 - Birth of Frank Stallone in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Barfly, Outlaw Force).
- 1951 - E L Johnson discovers asteroid #2718.
- 1954 - Birth of Ken Olin in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actor (Hill Street Blues, Michael - Thirty Something).
- 1956 - Birth of Delta Burke in Orlando, Florida, USA; actress (Suzanne - Designing Women).
- 1956 - Birth of Phil Fearon; rocker (Galaxy, Kandidate - "I Don't Want to Lose You").
- 1956 - Congress passes a law making "In God We Trust" the nation's motto.
- 1957 - Birth of Bill Cartwright; basketball player (New York Knicks).
- 1957 - Birth of Mark Tymchyshyn in Minneapolis, USA; actor (Gavin - As the World Turns).
- 1958 - Birth of Daley Thomas in London, England; decathalete (Olympic-gold-1980, 1984).
- 1958 - Birth of Kate Bush in Plumstead, England; singer/songwriter ("Wild Things").
- 1958 - Birth of Richard Burge; actor (Another World).
- 1960 - First AFL preseason game: Boston Patriots defeat Buffalo Bills in Buffalo, New York (28-7).
- 1962 - American League beats National League 9-4 in 33rd All Star Game (Wrigley Field, Chicago).
- 1963 - Birth of Monique Gabrielle in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Bad Girls 4, Amazon Women on the Moon).
- 1965 - Birth of Tex Axile; rocker (Transvision Vamp - "Velveteen").
- 1965 - US President Lyndon Johnson signs Medicare bill, which goes into effect following year.
- 1966 - The Beatles' "Yesterday... and Today" album goes #1 and stays #1 for five weeks.
- 1966 - England beats Federal Republic of Germany 4-2 for soccer's 8th World Cup at Wembley in London, England.
- 1967 - Race riot in Milwaukee (four killed).
- 1967 - Death of the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach in Essen, Germany; industrialist (Krupp steel works).
- 1968 - Washington Senators' Ron Hansen makes first unassisted triple-play in 41 years.
- 1970 - 30,000 attend Powder Ridge Rock Festival, Middlefield, Connecticut, USA.
- 1970 - Smirnova discover asteroid 1835 Gajdariya, 2032 Ethel and 2349 Kurchenko.
- 1970 - In northeast Iran, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurs, killing 176, injuring 483, and leaving an estimated 10,000 homeless. Extensively damaged villages included Qapan, Shahabad, Maraveh Tappeh, Gonbad-e Kavus, Bojnurd, and Sabzevar.
- 1971 - Japanese Boeing 727 collides with an F-86 fighter killing 162.
- 1971 - US Apollo 15 lands on Mare Imbrium on the Moon.
- 1972 - In Sitka, Alaska, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake occurs. The Fairvolcano fault ruptures over a length of 75 kilometers.
- 1973 - Texas Rangers' Jim Bibby no-hits Oakland Athletics, 6-0.
- 1974 - US House of Representatives recommends three articles of impeachment of President Richard Nixon.
- 1975 - Birth of Tifini Hale in Palm Springs, California; rocker (Party - "Rodeo", "That's Why").
- 1975 - Teamsters President Jimmy Hoffa disappears in suburban Detroit, Illinois.
- 1976 - Death of the theologian, Rudolf Bultmann in Marburg, Germany; New Testament scholar, professor at the University of Marburg.
- 1976 - Japanese beat Russian for Olympic gold in woman's volleyball.
- 1977 - Terrorists murder the head of the Dresdener Bank, Jürgen Ponto.
- 1980 - British New Hebrides becomes independent and takes name Vanuatu.
- 1980 - Charles McGraw, actor (Michael - Falcon, Smith Family), dies at age 66.
- 1983 - Howard Deitz, MGM executive, dies at age 86 of Parkinson's disease.
- 1983 - Death of Lynn Fontanne at age 95; actress (The Magnificent Yankee (Emmy award), US Steel Hour, Producer's Showcase), narrator (Peter Pan (1960)).
- 1983 - Official speed record for a piston-driven aircraft, 832 kph, California.
- 1983 - Weight lifter Sergei Didyk of USSR jerks a record 261kg.
- 1984 - Alvenus tanker at Cameron, Louisiana, spills 2.8 million gallons of oil.
- 1984 - NBC TV debuts soap opera Santa Barbara.
- 1988 - Cincinnati Reds' pitcher John Franco sets a record of 13 saves in one month.
- 1990 - George Steinbrenner is forced by Commissioner Fay Vincent to resign.
- 1990 - A Provisional Irish Republican Army car bomb kills British M.P. Ian Gow, a staunch unionist.
- 1991 - Boston Red Sox player Carlos Quintana is 11th to get six RBIs in an inning (third).
- 1995 - Near the coast of Northern Chile, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake occurs. Three people were killed, 58 injured, 630 left homeless and 115 houses destroyed. Also felt in southern Peru and at La Paz, Bolivia. Mild tsunami generated, measured at Hawaii, Alaska, Japan.
- 1997 - TV show Win Ben Stein's Money debuts.
- 1998 - Death of Bob Smith at age 80; pioneer TV kids' show host (Howdy Doody).
- 1998 - The Disney Cruise Line launches its first cruise ship, the Disney Magic, from Port Canaveral, Florida.
- 2000 - Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez is re-elected with 59 percent of the vote.
- 2002 - Birth of Young Crown Prince Hridayendra of Nepal, second in line to the Nepalese throne.
- 2002 - Sotheby's in New York in conjunction with Stack's auctions the King Farouk specimen of the US 1933 Saint-Gaudens double eagle for $7,590,020, a world record for a single coin at auction. The $20 represents a $20 Federal Reserve note paid by auctioneer David Redden to Mint Director Henrietta Holsman Fore to officially monetize the coin.
- 2003 - Death of Sam Phillips at age 80; Sun Records founder (Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Cash, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins).
- 2005 - A helicopter carrying John Garang, vice-president of Sudan, crashes in poor weather into a mountain, killing Garang.
- 2006 - The world's longest running music show, Top of the Pops, broadcasts for the last time on BBC Two.
- 2007 - New British Prime Minister Gordon Brown visits U.S. President George W. Bush for the first time as Prime Minister.
- 2007 - Death of Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (born 1912).
- 2007 - Death of Teoctist Arapasu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (born 1915).
- 2007 - Swedish film director Ingmar Bergman dies, at age 89, at home on Fårö island, off the Baltic coast of Sweden.
- 2008 - Heritage Numismatic Auctions sells a 1944-S steel Lincoln cent graded MS-66 by NGC for US$373,450, a record for any small cent.
- 2011 - Death of Mario Echandi Jiménez, 47th President of Costa Rica (born 1915).
- 2012 - (to July 31) In the worst power outage in world history, the 2012 India blackouts leave 620 million people without power.
- 2016 - Inauguration ceremony in Philippines for Rodrigo Duterte as new President.
- 2017 - Death of Anton VratuÜa, 8th Prime Minister of Slovenia (born 1915).
- 2019 - India bans triple talaq (Islamic divorce).
- 2020 - From the spaceport at Cape Canaveral, Florida, NASA successfully launches its Perseverance Mars 2020 rover mission to search for signs of ancient life on the planet, and collect samples for return to Earth. The mission includes technology demonstrations to prepare for future human missions.
- 2020 - Death of Lee Teng-hui at age 97; 13th President of the Republic of China (born 1923).
- 2022 - Death of Pat Carroll at age 95 from pneumonia at home in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA; voice actor (Ursula - The Little Mermaid movie).
- 2022 - Death of Nichelle Nichols at age 89 of heart failure in Silver City, New Mexico, USA; actor (Porgy and Bess movie (1959), The Lieutenant TV show (1964), Lieutenant Uhura - Star Trek TV show (1966-1970), Star Trek: The Motion Picture movie, Heroes TV show (2007), The Young and the Restless TV show (2017)), author (Beyond Uhura book).
- 2023 - Death of Paul Reubens at age 70 of cancer in Los Angeles, California, USA; actor (Pee-wee Herman - Pee-wee's Big Adventure movie (1985), Pee-wee's Playhouse TV show (1986-1990), Blow movie (2001), Murphy Brown TV show, 30 Rock TV show).
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