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What happened in history on this day: September 1?
On September 1 in ...
- 69 - Traditional date of the destruction of Jerusalem.
- 891 - Northmen defeated near Louvaine, France.
- 1159 - Adrian IV only English pope (1154-59), dies (birth date unknown).
- 1267 - Ramban (Nachmanides) arrives in Jerusalem to establish Jew community.
- 1513 - Vasco Núñez de Balboa leads an expedition across Panama to investigate claims of a "great sea" beyond the mountains.
- 1524 - At the Malmö Recess, peace between Sweden and Denmark is reached. Sweden surrenders rights to Gotland and Blekinge to Denmark, Denmark grants Sweden temporary possession of Viken (Bohuslän).
- 1557 - Jacques Cartier French explorer, dies (birth date unknown).
- 1614 - Vincent Fettmich expells Jews from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany.
- 1631 - King Gustav Adolf of Sweden reaches an alliance with Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony, for Saxon forces to join with the Swedes in the war.
- 1661 - First Yacht race, England's King Charles versus his brother James.
- 1666 - Great London Fire begins in Pudding Lane. 80% of London is destroyed.
- 1715 - Louis XIV the great, king of France (1643-1715), dies at age 76.
- 1739 - 35 Jews sentenced to life in prison in Lisbon Portugal.
- 1764 - British Parliament passes the Currency Act, effectively assuming control of colonial currency.
- 1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa forms in California.
- 1791 - Birth of Lydia Sigourney; US religious author (How to Be Happy).
- 1799 - Bank of Manhattan Company opens in New York City (forerunner to Chase Manhattan).
- 1836 - Reconstruction begins on Synagogue of Rabbi Judah Hasid in Jerusalem.
- 1837 - Peninsular Steam Navigation Company ship Don Juan founders and wrecks on rocks off Tarifa in fog.
- 1838 - William Clark, second lieutenant of Lewis and Clark Expedition, dies at age 68.
- 1849 - Birth of Elizabeth Harrison; US educator (National Congress of Parents and Teachers).
- 1853 - Cape of Good Hope issues its first postage stamps, in 1 and 4-penny denomination, and the first triangular stamps.
- 1854 - Birth of Engelbert Humperdinck in Germany; opera composer (Parsifal).
- 1858 - First transatlantic cable fails after less than one month.
- 1859 - First Pullman train sleeping car in service.
- 1859 - RC Carrington and R Hodgson make first observation of solar flare.
- 1864 - Birth of Roger David Casement in Ireland; martyr (Irish Republican Army).
- 1865 - Joseph Lister performs first antiseptic surgery.
- 1866 - Birth of James "Gentleman Jim" Corbett; heavyweight champion boxer (1892-97).
- 1874 - Sydney General Post Office opens in Australia.
- 1875 - Birth of Edgar Rice Burroughs; novelist (Tarzan, Mars Saga).
- 1888 - In North Canterbury, New Zealand, a magnitude 7.0-7.3 earthquake occurs.
- 1891 - First police force to adopt use of fingerprints for criminal investigation: La Plata Division of Provincial Police of Buenos Aires, Argentina
- 1899 - Police in Rome, Italy, open a suspicious package labelled "dried fruits" addressed to Bishop Ricciardi of Nardò. Inside is eight deadly vipers, eventually killed by police.
- 1900 - Birth of Richard Arlen; actor (Alice in Wonderland).
- 1902 - World's first science-fiction film, George Méliés' Le Voyage Dans La Lune debuts in Paris, France.
- 1904 - Birth of Ray Flaherty; AFL/NFL/AAFC coach (New York Giants).
- 1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan become 8th and 9th Canadian provinces.
- 1906 - Alberta, Canada, adopts Mountain Standard Time.
- 1906 - Joseph Harris (Boston Red Sox) and Jack Coombs (Philadelphia Athletics) pitch complete 24-inning game.
- 1906 - Papua placed under Australian administration.
- 1907 - Birth of Walter Reuther; labor leader/president of United Auto Workers and CIO.
- 1910 - Birth of Jack Hawkins in London, England; actor (Ben - Four Just Men).
- 1911 - M Fourny sets world aircraft distance record of 720 km.
- 1914 - Martha, last known passenger pigeon, dies at Cincinnati Zoo.
- 1914 - Saint Petersburg, Russia changes name to Petrograd.
- 1916 - Keating-Owen Act becomes US law (child labor banned from interstate commerce).
- 1917 - The US government prohibits gold exports.
- 1918 - Baseball season ends due to world war.
- 1918 - US troops land in Vladivostok, Siberia.
- 1922 - Birth of Melvin R Laird; American politician (Representative-Republican-Michigan), US Secretary of Defense (1969-73).
- 1922 - Birth of Vittorio Gassman; actor (War and Peace).
- 1922 - Birth of Yvonne De Carlo in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; actress (Ten Commandments, The Munsters).
- 1923 - Birth of Rocco Francis Marchegiano AKA Rocky Marciano in Brockton, Massachusetts, USA; heavyweight boxing champion (1952-55), 49 professional victories without a loss.
- 1923 - Powerful 15-second earthquake strikes 30 miles south of Yokohama and 50 miles south of Tokyo, Japan. About 144,000 people are killed in falling and burning buildings. Vast areas of Tokyo and Yokohama are leveled.
- 1923 - US beats Australia in tennis, for their fourth straight Davis Cup.
- 1928 - Ahmet Muhtar Bej Zogolli is crowned King Zog of Albania.
- 1932 - New York City Mayor James J "Gentleman Jimmy" Walker resigns (graft charges).
- 1933 - Birth of Ann Richards; American politician (Governor-Texas).
- 1933 - Birth of Conway Twitty [Harold Jenkins] in Mississippi, USA; country singer ("Hello Darlin'").
- 1935 - Birth of Seiji Ozawa in Hoten, Manchuria; conductor (Boston Symphony Orchestra).
- 1937 - Birth of Al Geiberger; golfer (US PGA lowest score on 18 holes, a 59).
- 1937 - Birth of Ron O'Neal in Utica, New York, USA; actor (Superfly).
- 1938 - Birth of George Maharis in Astoria, New York, USA; actor (Buz - Route 66, Most Deadly Game).
- 1939 - Birth of Heinrich Messner in Austria; downhill skier (Olympic-bronze-1972).
- 1939 - Birth of Lily Tomlin in Detroit, Michigan, USA; comedienne/actress (9 to 5, Laugh-in, All of Me).
- 1939 - Physical Review publishes first paper to deal with "black holes".
- 1939 - German planes attack Polish cities of Puck, Gdynia, Cracow, and Katowice. German battleship Schleswig-Holstein opens fire on Danzig. About one million German soldiers begin an invasion into Polish territory toward Upper Silesia and Czestochowa. In Danzig, German Chief of State Albert Forster announces a decree proclaiming the annexation of the city to the German Reich.
- 1939 - German Chancellor Adolf Hitler addresses the Reichstag in Berlin, with the audio broadcast to nations around the world. Some quotes: "I have offered England friendship and, if necessary, close cooperation. Germany has no interests in the West. The Westwall is and remains our border on the west.", "Neutral powers have assured us of their neutrality and we have assured them they will be respected. We mean this.", "Germany and Russia fought against each other in the World War, and that shall not occur again.".
- 1939 - The British House of Commons passes the National Services (Armed Forces) Act, conscripting all men ages 18 to 41 into the armed forces.
- 1939 - The Canadian parliament invokes the War Measures Act of 1914, giving the government extra powers over trade shipping, censorship, and expropriation of private property. The government declares that "a state of apprehended war exists and has existed since Aug. 25, 1939.". Militia forces are placed on active service to defend coasts and vulnerable interior points.
- 1939 - Norway's King Haakon VI proclaims the neutrality of his country.
- 1939 - The Swiss government orders full mobilization its army as of September 2.
- 1939 - Portuguese Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar declares the neutrality of his country.
- 1939 - Cuban President Federico Laredo Bru issues a proclamation declaring the neutral position of Cuba's government.
- 1939 - Latvian president Karl Ulmanis issues a declaration of strict neutrality.
- 1939 - Finland declares strict neutrality.
- 1939 - Yugoslavia announces a declaration of strict neutrality.
- 1939 - The government of Bulgaria issues a declaration of strict neutrality, maintaining close cooperation with Yugoslavia.
- 1939 - Romania proclaims neutrality.
- 1939 - Ireland declares it will endeavor to remain neutral in the event of a general war. The immediate mobilization of the army is called for.
- 1939 - (about 1600 hours) The Italian Council of Ministers decides Italy will remain neutral unless attacked.
- 1939 - (sunset) London, England, begins blackout conditions for the duration of the war.
- 1939 - (evening) Ambassadors of the British and French governments issue an ultimatum to the German government to pull out of Poland.
- 1939 - (evening) The Danish government issues a declaration of neutrality.
- 1941 - Yellow star becomes obligatory for Jews in the Reich to wear.
- 1944 - Birth of Leonard Slatkin in Los Angeles, California, USA; conductor (Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra).
- 1945 - Philadelphia Phillies' Vince DiMaggio ties National League record with fourth grand slam of season.
- 1946 - Batty Berg wins the US Open.
- 1946 - Birth of Barry Gibb; singer (The Bee Gees - "Stayin' Alive").
- 1946 - Birth of Erich Schärer in Switzerland; two man bobsled (Olympic-gold-1980).
- 1947 - New York Giants' 183-185 home run of year breaks New York Yankees' mark of 182 in 1936.
- 1948 - Communists form North China People's Republic.
- 1948 - United Nations's World Health Organization forms.
- 1949 - NBC-TV debuts TV show Martin Kane, Private Eye, starring William Gargan.
- 1950 - West Berlin is granted a constitution.
- 1951 - US, Australia and New Zealand sign ANZUS treaty.
- 1952 - CBS-TV debuts 30-minute daily TV variety show House Party, hosted by Art Linkletter.
- 1955 - Philip Loeb, actor (Jake - The Goldbergs), dies at age 61.
- 1956 - Indian state of Tripura becomes a territory.
- 1957 - Birth of Gloria Estefan in Cuba; singer (Miami Sound Machine - "Conga", "1-2-3").
- 1958 - As of this date, all cars produced in the United States must have a manufacturer's label attached to a window displaying options and prices, transport and freight charges, and manufacturer's suggested retail price.
- 1958 - Saint Louis Cardinals' pitcher Vinegar Bend Mizell walks a record nine men in a shutout.
- 1958 - French colony of Algeria becomes part of France.
- 1961 - USSR tests nuclear bombs in central Asia.
- 1962 - 10,000 die in an earthquake in western Iran.
- 1962 - United Nations announces Earth human population has hit 3 billion.
- 1963 - Saint Louis Cardinals' pitcher Curt Simmons steals home plate.
- 1966 - Ralph Baer begins developing an idea for game playing using a standard home television monitor, writing a four-page description of his idea. Within days, he has produced schematic drawings of a two-player block chase game.
- 1967 - James Dunn, actor (Uncle Earl - It's a Great Life), dies at age 65.
- 1967 - San Francisco Giants beat Cincinnati Reds 1-0 in 21 innings.
- 1969 - Drew Pearson, newscaster (Drew Pearson), dies at age 71.
- 1969 - Libyan revolution, Colonel Moammar Gadhafi deposes King Idris, Libyan Arab Republic established.
- 1970 - NBC-TV airs the last episode of I Dream of Jeannie, after a 5-year run.
- 1971 - Qatar declares independence.
- 1972 - Bobby Fischer (US) defeats Boris Spassky (USSR) for world chess title.
- 1973 - 74-year-old Hafnia Hotel burns, killing 35 (Copenhagen, Denmark).
- 1973 - George Foreman knocks out Jose Roman in the first round to retain heavyweight title in Japan.
- 1973 - ABC airs the last The Monkees TV show. A total of 58 episodes aired.
- 1975 - CBS airs the last Gunsmoke TV show. A total of 633 episodes were broadcast over twenty years.
- 1975 - New York Mets' Tom Seaver is first to strike out 200 in eight consecutive seasons.
- 1976 - NASA launches space vehicle S-197.
- 1976 - New Jersey Meadowlands racetrack opens.
- 1976 - Wayne L Hays, Democrat party Representative for Ohio, resigns (scandal with Elizabeth Ray).
- 1977 - Death of Ethel Waters at age 76; actress (Beulah) / singer ("Stormy Weather").
- 1978 - Jacqueline Smith of Great Britain scores ten straight dead center strikes on a 4-inch disk in World Parachute Championships in Yugoslavia.
- 1979 - California Angels' infielder Carney Lansford hits three consecutive home runs as California downs the Cleveland Indians, 7-4.
- 1979 - Los Angeles Court orders Clayton Moore to stop wearing Lone Ranger mask.
- 1979 - The U.S. Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn, when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
- 1979 - Dominica, Guyana, and Saint Lucia recognize the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- 1981 - Death of Albert Speer in London (born in Mannheim, Germany); Adolf Hitler's chief architect and the minister of armaments and war production from 1942-1945.
- 1981 - Fiona Brothers sets women's propeller boat speed record (116.279 MPH).
- 1982 - In the USA, the maximum speedometer reading on a car is mandated at 85 MPH.
- 1982 - Mexico's President Lopez Portillo nationalizes banks.
- 1982 - Palestinian Liberation Organization leaves Lebanon.
- 1983 - Korean Air Flight 007 Boeing 747 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace. All 269 on board are killed.
- 1983 - Death of Lawrence McDonald, U.S. Congressman, leader of John Birch Society (Korean Air 007 plane crash) (born 1935).
- 1983 - Henry "Scoop" Jackson, American politician (Senator-Democrat-Washington) dies at age 71.
- 1985 - US-French expedition locates wreckage of RMS Titanic off Newfoundland, Canada.
- 1985 - Death of Stefan Bellof, race car driver and 1984 World SportsCars (Group C) Champion (born 1957).
- 1986 - Murray Hamilton, actor (Rich Man Poor Man), dies at age 63.
- 1988 - Nintendo releases the Super Mario Bros. 2 video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System in the US.
- 1988 - Leonor Sullivan, American politician (Representative-Democrat-Missouri, 1955-77), dies at age 86.
- 1988 - Death of Luis Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911).
- 1989 - Death of A. Bartlett Giamatti, American President of Yale University and Major League Baseball Commissioner, of a heart attack at age 51 (born 1938).
- 1989 - The NBC TV network airs the show Win, Lose, or Draw for the last time. The network aired 505 episodes.
- 1989 - Princess Anne and Mark Phillips announce their separation.
- 1989 - Birth of Bill and Tom Kaulitz-Trümper, German members in the band Tokio Hotel.
- 1990 - The ABC TV network airs the last episode of Disney's Gummi Bears / Winnie the Pooh Hour.
- 1995 - The last show of the Darkwing Duck series airs in syndication.
- 1996 - The Fitzroy Football Club (established 1883) plays its last game ever in the Australian Football League, against Fremantle at Subiaco Oval. The following season the club merges with the Brisbane Bears, ending a long history of the club in the VFL/AFL.
- 2001 - The libertarian Free State Project is founded at Yale University.
- 2004 - Chechen terrorists take between 1,000 and 1,500 people hostage, mostly children, in a school in the Beslan school hostage crisis. The hostage-takers demand the release of Chechen terrorists imprisoned in neighbouring Ingushetia and the independence of Chechnya from Russia.
- 2004 - Death of Ahmed Kuftaro, Grand Mufti of Syria (born 1915).
- 2005 - Oil prices rise sharply following the economic effects of Hurricane Katrina.
- 2006 - A fire kills 29 of 148 people aboard an Iran Air Tours Tu-154M aircraft after the plane lands in Mashhad, Iran.
- 2007 - Finland switches off all of its analogue terrestrial television signals as part of the digital switchover.
- 2007 - Death of Tomás Medina Caracas, Colombian rebel leader (born 1965).
- 2007 - Death of Roy McKenzie, New Zealand philanthropist (born 1922).
- 2008 - Hurricane Gustav hits Louisiana as Category 2 hurricane, causing US$372 million damage to crops, and forcing 1.9 million to evacuate, largest in state history.
- 2008 - Thomas J. Bata, Canadian shoe company industrialist, dies in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, at age 93.
- 2009 - The British Commonwealth of Nations fully suspends Fiji after refusing to bow to demands to call elections by next year.
- 2017 - Russian President Vladimir Putin expels 755 diplomats in response to United States sanctions.
- 2018 - A poker tournament is held at Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Poker player Eric Thompson suffers a heart attack and dies at age 49 during the Oklahome State Championship of Poker.
- 2019 - Hurricane Dorian makes landfall on the Bahamas, with sustained wind speeds of 185 mph. 43 deaths are reported.
- 2021 - Death of Syed Ali Shah Geelani, Kashmiri separatist leader (born 1929).
- 2022 - Lockdown imposed on city of Chengdu, in province of Sichuan, People's Republic of China, to contain an outbreak of Covid-19.
- 2023 - Death of Jimmy Buffet at age 76 of Merkel cell carcinoma; singer-songwriter ("Margaritaville" song (1977)), restautanteur (Jimmy Buffet's Margaritaville (started 1985)), writer (Tales From Margaritaville book (1989)).
- 2023 - Death of Bill Richardson at age 75 in Chatham, Massachusetts, USA; US Energy Secretary, U.N. ambassador, New Mexico governor.
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