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What happened in history on this day: September 7?
On September 7 in ...
- 1151 - Geoffrey Plantagenet conquered Normandy, dies at age 38.
- 1519 - The Tlascalans make peace with the Spaish invaders, join Hernando Cortez' army.
- 1533 - Birth of Elizabeth to King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; Queen Elizabeth I of England 1558-1603.
- 1631 - The Swedish and Saxon armies of about 45,000 meet the Imperial army of about 36,000 at Breitenfeld, near Leipzig. An Imperial charge on the Swedish right flank is a disaster for the attacker. A charge on left flank, which the Saxons occupied, causes most of Saxon forces to run away. Tilly then advances his whole center toward the weak left flank. But the Swedes send cavalry from the right flank and attack ferociously. Tilly is wounded with three shots. 7-10,000 of Imperial troops are killed, plus thousands more are killed in retreat by peasants. Swedes lose about 2100 men. The Imperial army loses two-thirds of its troops, and all of its artillery. This battle is called the first battle of the modern age, and King Gustav Adolf is hailed as the father of modern warfare.
- 1655 - Tristan l'Hermite French dramatist/poet, dies (birth date unknown).
- 1714 - The Treaty of Baden is signed by which the French control Alsace and Austria the east bank of the Rhine.
- 1764 - Stanislaw August Poniatowski is elected king and Grand Duke of Commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania.
- 1776 - The World's first submarine attack occurs, as the American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of the British flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.
- 1800 - Zion AME Church dedicated (New York City, New York, USA).
- 1812 - Napoleon's Grand Army (130,000 men) battles the Imperial Russian Army 120,000 men) at Borodino, 70 miles west of Moscow. The French and allies lose 30-35,000 men, the Russians lose 39-45,000.
- 1815 - Birth of Howell Cobb; US Treasury Secretary.
- 1822 - Brazil declares independence from Portugal.
- 1829 - Birth of August Kekule von Stradonitz; discovered structure of benzene ring.
- 1829 - Birth of Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden; US geologist (Geograph Survey 1859-86).
- 1836 - Birth of Henry Campbell-Bannerman; British Prime Minister (Liberal) (1905-08).
- 1860 - Birth of Anna Maria "Grandma" Moses in New York, USA; primitive painter (Old Oaken Bucket).
- 1860 - Excursion steamer Lady Elgin drowns 340 in Lake Michigan.
- 1880 - Geo Ligowsky patents device to throw clay pigeons for trapshooters.
- 1891 - Birth of Roscoe Karns in San Bernadino, California, USA; actor (Captain Shafer - Hennesey).
- 1892 - James J Corbett knocks out John L Sullivan in round 21 at New Orleans.
- 1896 - A. H. Whiting wins first closed-circuit automobile race, held on a track at Cranston, Rhode Island.
- 1900 - Birth of "Janet" Taylor in Caldwell, England; novelist (Melissa).
- 1903 - Federation of American Motorcyclists organized in New York.
- 1907 - Sutro's ornate Cliff House in San Francisco is destroyed by fire.
- 1908 - Birth of Dr Michael E DeBakey; artificial heart pioneer.
- 1908 - Birth of Paul Brown in Norwalk, Ohio, USA; NFL hall of famer (Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals).
- 1909 - Birth of Elia Kazan in Constantinople, Turkey; director (A Streetcar Named Desire).
- 1909 - Eugène Lefebvre dies test-piloting a Wright A aircraft.
- 1910 - Birth of John Shea; US 500m/1500m speed skater (Olympic-gold-1932).
- 1913 - Birth of Anthony Quayle in England; actor (Anne of 1000 Days, Lawrence of Arabia).
- 1914 - Birth of James Van Allen; discovered radiation belts around the Earth.
- 1914 - New York Post Office Building opens to the public.
- 1922 - Birth of Art Ferrante; pianist (Ferrante and Tachere - "Exodus").
- 1923 - Birth of Peter Lawford in London, England; actor (Mrs Miniver, The Thin Man).
- 1923 - Boston Red Sox pitcher Howard Ehmke no-hits Philadelphia Athletics, 4-0.
- 1924 - Birth of Daniel Inouye; American politician (Senator-Democrat-Hawaii), chair of Iran-Contra hearings.
- 1924 - Birth of Leonard Rosenman in Brooklyn, New York, USA; TV composer (Marcus Welby M.D.).
- 1927 - The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Taylor Farnsworth in San Francisco, California, USA.
- 1929 - Birth of John Milford in Johnstown, New York, USA; actor (Lieutenant, Legend of Jesse James).
- 1929 - Birth of T(homas) P(atrick) McKenna in Ireland; actor (Rivals, Holocaust).
- 1930 - Birth of Baudouin I; king of Belgium (1951-).
- 1930 - Birth of Sonny Rollins in New York City, New York, USA; jazz saxophonist (Blue Room).
- 1934 - Birth of Bill Giles in Rochester, New York, USA; baseball owner (Philadelphia Phillies).
- 1936 - Birth of Buddy Holly AKA Charles Hardin Holley in Lubbock, Kansas, USA; singer ("Peggy Sue", "That'll Be the Day").
- 1936 - Boulder Dam begins operation in the USA.
- 1937 - Birth of John Phillip Law in Hollywood, California, USA; actor (Barbarella, Love Machine).
- 1938 - (evening) Theodor Kordt, a counselor in the German embassy in London meets secretly with British Foreign Secretary Lord Halifax at 10 Downing Street. He appeals desperately to British government to stand firm against Hitler's planned aggression into Czechoslovakia. He promises action by German army leaders opposed to Nazis.
- 1939 - (1100 hours) Polish defenders of Westerplatte Fortress in Danzig Harbor surrender.
- 1939 - Birth of S David Griggs in Portland, Oregon, USA; astronaut (STS 51D, STS 33).
- 1940 - German Air Force blitzes London, England for first of 57 consecutive nights.
- 1942 - Birth of Richard Roundtree; actor (Shaft, Earthquake).
- 1943 - Fire in decrepit old Gulf Hotel kills 45 (Houston, Texas, USA).
- 1945 - Shanghai, China, is liberated from Japanese occupation.
- 1948 - First use of synthetic rubber in asphaltic concrete, Akron, Ohio.
- 1948 - Birth of Susan Blakely in Frankfurt, Germany; actress (Rich Man Poor Man).
- 1949 - Birth of Gloria Gaynor in Newark, New Jersey; disco singer ("I Will Survive").
- 1950 - Birth of Adriano Panatta in Rome, Italy; tennis star (French 1976, Italian 1976).
- 1950 - Birth of Chrissie Hynde in Akron, Ohio, USA; rocker (Pretenders - "Mystery Achievement").
- 1950 - Birth of Peggy Noonan; author (What I Saw at the Revolution).
- 1951 - Birth of Julie Kavner in Los Angeles, California, USA; actress (Brenda - Rhoda, Tracy Ullman Show, The Simpsons).
- 1951 - Birth of Chrissie Hynde; singer (The Pretenders).
- 1952 - Outfielder Don Grate throws a baseball a record 434 feet 1 inch (Tennessee).
- 1952 - Whitey Ford becomes the fifth pitcher to hurl consecutive one hitters.
- 1953 - Birth of Benmont Tench; keyboardist (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers).
- 1953 - Birth of Linda G Miller; actress (Mississippi).
- 1954 - Birth of Corbin Bernsen in North Hollywood, California, USA; actor (Arnie Becker - L.A. Law, Psych, Cuts).
- 1954 - Birth of Michael Emerson; actor (Lost, The Practice).
- 1956 - Bell X-2 sets unofficial manned aircraft altitude record 126,000+ feet.
- 1956 - Birth of Michael J Feinstein; singer/pianist ("Isn't It Romantic").
- 1957 - Death of Art Van Harvey at age 74; radio actor (Vic - Vic and Sade).
- 1957 - Birth of Margot Chapman in Hawaii; vocals (Starland Vocal Band - "Afternoon Delight").
- 1960 - Birth of David Steele; rocker (Fine Young Cannibals - "She Drives Me Crazy").
- 1963 - Birth of W. Earl Brown; actor (Deadwood).
- 1963 - First US TV appearance of The Beatles (Big Night Out - ABC).
- 1963 - Pro Football Hall of Fame dedicated in Canton, Ohio, USA.
- 1966 - CBS airs the last Dick Van Dyke Show TV show. A total of 158 episodes aired.
- 1966 - Death of Al Kelly at age 67; double talk comedian (Ernie Kovacs Show TV show).
- 1967 - The CBS TV network airs the first Mannix 60-minute crime drama TV show in the USA.
- 1967 - ABC TV debuts situation comedy The Flying Nun, starring Sally Field.
- 1968 - Birth of Kyle Stevens in New Jersey, USA; rock guitarist (Bang Tango - "Dancin' on Coals").
- 1969 - Birth of Angie Everhart; actress/model (UC Undercover, Dream Team).
- 1969 - The NBC TV network airs the last show of Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color.
- 1969 - ABC-TV airs the cartoon The Beatles for the last time.
- 1970 - Birth of Chad Sexton; drummer (311).
- 1970 - Birth of Tom Everett Scott; actor (Southland, Saved, ER).
- 1970 - Donald Boyles sets record for highest paracute jump from a bridge, by leaping off of the 1,053-foot Royal George Bridge in Colorado.
- 1970 - The NBC TV network airs the last My World... And Welcome To It TV show in the USA.
- 1971 - Birth of Henry Thomas; actor (ET).
- 1971 - Death of Spring Byington at age 84; actress (Lily Ruskin - December Bride).
- 1971 - CBS-TV airs the last episode of The Beverly Hillbillies, after nine years and 216 shows.
- 1973 - Birth of Shannon Elizabeth; actress (Cuts, That 70's Show).
- 1973 - Mike Storen becomes the American Basketball Association's fourth commissioner.
- 1974 - Portugal and Mozambique sign the Lusaka Agreement, granting Mozambique independence.
- 1976 - US court finds George Harrison guilty of plagarism ("He's So Fine").
- 1977 - US President Jimmy Carter and Panama's Omar Torrijos sign the Panama Canal Treaty for American handover on December 31, 1999.
- 1978 - Death of Keith Moon of overdose of sedative Heminevrin; English drummer (The Who) (born 1946).
- 1978 - First game of the Boston Massacre, New York Yankees beat Boston Red Sox 15-3.
- 1978 - Birth of Devon Sawa in Vancouver, BC, Canada; actor (Night of the Twisters, Robin of Locksley).
- 1979 - In the USA, the Entertainment Sports Programming Network, known as ESPN, broadcasts for the first time.
- 1980 - Birth of Gabriel Milito; Argentine soccer player (F.C Barcelona).
- 1980 - Earnest Gray becomes second New York Giants' player to score four touchdowns (vs Saint Louis Cardinals).
- 1981 - Judge Wapner and the People's Court premier on TV.
- 1982 - Birth of Race Wong; Hong Kong singer (2R), actress.
- 1983 - Voters of the Marshall Islands approve establishment of a Compact of Free Association with the USA.
- 1983 - Drury Gallagher sets fastest swim around Manhattan (6:41:35).
- 1985 - ABC airs the last episode of the T.J. Hooker TV series.
- 1985 - Death of Rodney Robert Porter, English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1917).
- 1986 - Desmond Tutu becomes Anglican Church bishop in South Africa.
- 1986 - Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet survives an assassination attempt by the FPMR; five of his bodyguards are killed.
- 1986 - Death of Omar Ali Saifuddin III, Sultan of Brunei (born 1914).
- 1987 - The NBC TV network debuts the Win, Lose, or Draw TV show.
- 1987 - East German leader Erich Honecker visits Federal Republic of Germany.
- 1987 - Birth of Evan Rachel Wood; singer, actress (Once and Again).
- 1987 - (to September 21) The world's first conference on artificial life is held at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
- 1988 - Guy Lafleur, Tony Esposito and Brad Park inducted in NHL Hall of Fame.
- 1988 - Security and Exchange Commission accuses Drexel of violating security laws.
- 1990 - Miss America 1991 crowned.
- 1991 - The animated Darkwing Duck TV series begins airing on ABC and in syndication.
- 1991 - Monica Seles wins the womens tennis US Open.
- 1991 - Death of Edwin McMillan, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1907).
- 1994 - Apple Computer announces its intention to license the Macintosh operating system in 1995. A Mac OS logo is announced, which will be used to identify Mac application programs and Mac-compatible systems.
- 1996 - Rap legend Tupac Shakur is shot in Las Vegas, Nevada, following the Mike Tyson bout; he dies on September 13.
- 1997 - First test flight of the F-22 Raptor.
- 1997 - Death of Mobutu Sese Seko, president of Zaire (born 1930).
- 1998 - Google, Inc. is founded, in Menlo Park, California, by Stanford University Ph.D. candidates Larry Page and Sergey Brin.
- 1999 - In Greece, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurs. 143 people killed, 1,600 injured, 50,000 homeless and at least 53,000 buildings damaged or destroyed in the Athens area.
- 2000 - (to September 14) The United Kingdom fuel protests take place, with refineries blockaded, and supply to the country's network of petrol stations halted.
- 2001 - A Liberian-registered oil tanker hits Vietnamese Petrolimex 01 tanker, leaking millions of litres of oil off beach resort of Vung Tau, Vietnam.
- 2003 - Death of Warren Zevon at age 56 of lung cancer; rocker and songwriter ("Excitable Boy", "Werewolves of London" (1978)).
- 2004 - The Scottish Parliament meets in the new Scottish Parliament Building for the first time.
- 2004 - Hurricane Ivan passes directly over Grenada, killing 37 people. It passes over other Caribbean islands over the next two days, killing five people in Venezuela, four in the Dominican Republic, one in Tobago and 20 in Jamaica.
- 2005 - Incumbent Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak wins the first multi-party presidential election.
- 2006 - Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in Taipei is renamed to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport.
- 2007 - Spot price of gold on New York Mercantile Exchange hits $700 per ounce.
- 2007 - The Rugby World Cup 2007 starts in France.
- 2008 - Serena Williams captures her third U.S. Open womens tennis title, beating Jelena Jankovic 6-4, 7-5.
- 2008 - General election in Hong Kong: pro-China parties win 30 seats, pro-democracy parties win 23 seats, others win 7 seats.
- 2008 - American mortgage companies Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are taken over by the US government, due to their risk to the economy. The two companies account for nearly half of home mortgages in the US. The two firms will be administered by the Federal Housing Finance Agency until their long-term future is decided. Together, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae own or guarantee about US$5.3 trillion of mortgages and have made a combined loss of about US$14 billion in the past year.
- 2009 - Busch Gardens in Florida closes The Big Bad Wolf roller coaster. 29 million fans rode the attraction, which was the world's first suspended roller coaster.
- 2011 - (to September 12) In Long Beach, California, Heritage Auctions conducts the World and Ancient Coins Signature Auction. Some highlights:
- China Yunnan, Spring Dollar CD 1910, AU-58 NGC: US$546,250;
- China Meiji 1874 silver Pattern Trade Dollar: $299,000;
- Korea Yung Hi gold 20 Won Year 3 (1909), MS-64 NGC: $632,500;
- Korea Yung Hi gold 10 Won Year 3 (1909): $299,000;
- Korea Yung Hi gold 5 Won Year 3 (1909), MS-64 NGC: $460,000;
- Rome 42 BCE silver denarius, Ides of March: US$546,350, a world record for a Roman silver coin.
- 2012 - Canada officially cuts diplomatic ties with Iran by closing its embassy in Tehran and ordering the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from Ottawa.
- 2020 - Death of Abdul Qadir Bajamal, 5th Prime Minister of Yemen (born 1946).
- 2021 - El Salvador becomes the first country in the world to accept Bitcoin as an official currency.
- 2021 - El Salvador adopts Bitcoin as an official currency, first country to do so.
- 2022 - Death of Anne Garrels at age 71 of lung cancer in Norwalk, Connecticut, USA; reporter (National Public Radio).
- 2022 - Death of Valery Polyakov at age 80; cosmonaut (437 days aboard Mir space station).
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