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What happened in history on this day: September 8?
On September 8 in ...
- 1100 - Clement III first antipope (1084-1100), dies (birth date unknown).
- 1157 - Birth of Richard I [Richard the Lion Hearted], King of England (1189-99).
- 1278 - The Acte de Paréage charter institutes Co-Prince system of rule of Andorra, by French and Spanish.
- 1380 - Russians defeat Tatars at Kulikovo, beginning decline of Tatars.
- 1474 - Birth of Ludovico Ariosto Italy, poet (Orlando Furioso).
- 1504 - Florence Cathedral unveils marble statue David by Michelangelo.
- 1553 - City of Lichfield, England established.
- 1565 - First permanent settlement in US forms (Saint Augustine, Florida).
- 1565 - Turkish siege of Malta broken by Maltese and Knights of Saint John.
- 1588 - Birth of Marin Mersenne France, mathematician/musician/philospher (Cartesian).
- 1664 - Dutch surrender New Amsterdam to 300 English soldiers.
- 1771 - Mission San Gabriel Archangel forms in California.
- 1796 - Battle of Bassano: French beat Austrians.
- 1830 - Birth of Frédéric Mistral Provençal; poet (Nobel Prize 1904).
- 1841 - Birth of Antonín Dvorák Nelahozeves; Czech composer (New World Symphony).
- 1868 - New York Athletic Club forms.
- 1873 - Birth of David O McKay in Huntsville, Utah, USA; 9th president of Mormon church.
- 1873 - Birth of Max Reinhardt in Austria; theatrical director (Oedipus Rex).
- 1883 - Northern Pacific Railroad's last spike driven at Independence Creek, Montana.
- 1888 - Spanish navy launches first submarine, designed by Isaac Peral. It features accumulator batteries, three dynamos, two 30hp engines, electric propulsion, torpedo tube, and periscope. Weight is 80 tonnes, length 22m, and 2.87m beam.
- 1889 - Birth of Robert A Taft; American politician (Senator-Republican-Ohio, Taft-Hartley Act).
- 1897 - Birth of Jimmie Rodgers in Mendoza, Mississippi, USA; country singer/singing brakeman.
- 1898 - Birth of Queenie Smith in New York City, New York, USA; actress/dancer (Funny Side).
- 1900 - 6,000 killed when a hurricane and tidal wave destroy Galveston, Texas, most deadly in US history.
- 1900 - Birth of Claude D Pepper; American politician (Representative-Democrat-Florida), old people's advocate.
- 1905 - Pittsburgh Pirates strand National League record 18 men on base and lose to Cincinnati Reds 8-3.
- 1907 - Birth of Gavin Muir in Chicago, Illinois, USA; actor (Hollister - Betty Hutton Show).
- 1907 - Birth of Leon Askin in Vienna, Austria; actor (Pierre - Charlie Farrell Show).
- 1910 - Birth of Jean-Louis Barrault in France; actor (Les Enfants du Paradis).
- 1912 - Birth of Leo Cherne in New York City, New York, USA; economist/commentator (All Star News).
- 1914 - Birth of Hillary Brooke; Abbott and Costello's neighbor (Hillary).
- 1920 - US Air Mail service begins (New York City to San Francisco).
- 1921 - First Miss America crowned (Margaret Gorman of Washington DC).
- 1921 - Birth of Harry Secombe in Wales; actor (Down Among the "Z" Men).
- 1922 - Birth of Lyndon LaRouche; American presidental candidate (1980).
- 1922 - Birth of Sid Caesar in Yonkers, New York, USA; comedian (Your Show of Shows).
- 1924 - Birth of Wendell Ford; American politician (Senator-Democrat-Kentucky).
- 1925 - Birth of Denise Darcel in Paris, France; actress (Dangerous When Wet).
- 1925 - Birth of Peter Sellers in England; actor (Bobo, Pink Panther).
- 1929 - Birth of Severn Darden; actor (Popesco - Mary Hartman).
- 1930 - First appearance of the comic strip Blondie.
- 1930 - Birth of Jeanette Altwegg in England; figure skater (Olympic-gold-1952).
- 1930 - New York City public schools begin teaching Hebrew.
- 1931 - In Hagerstown, Maryland, USA a meteorite crashes through a roof.
- 1932 - Birth of Patsy Cline in Virginia, USA; country singer ("Walkin' After Midnight").
- 1934 - Ward Line's American luxury liner Morro Castle (11,500 tons) burns off New Jersey, killing 133-137 of 547 total passengers and crew. On September 7, Captain Robert R. Wilmott was found dead in his cabin of an apparent heart attack. The fire, which started in a locker, may have been started by wireless operator George White Rogers. The burned out hulk runs aground near the boardwalk of Asbury Park, New Jersey. 50 years earlier, the Daily Spray newspaper of Asbury Park suggested the city needed a shipwreck as a tourist attraction.
- 1934 - Birth of Peter Maxwell Davies in Manchester, England; composer (Prolation).
- 1935 - Huey P Long (Senator-Louisiana) is shot in the Baton Rouge Capitol building (dies two days later).
- 1937 - Birth of Virna Lisi in Italy; actress (Assault on a Queen, Bluebeard).
- 1937 - New York Yankees trail 6-1, come up with 8 in the 9th, beat Boston Bees 9-6.
- 1938 - Birth of Sam Nunn; American politician (Senator-Democrat-Georgia).
- 1939 - (0515 hours) First German troops enter Polish capital Warsaw.
- 1939 - American President Franklin Roosevelt declares a limited national emergency, issuing orders to substantially increase the army, navy, marine corps, and National Guard.
- 1939 - (evening) President Anastasio Somoza declares Nicaragua will maintain strict neutrality.
- 1939 - New York Yankees beat Boston Red Sox 4-1 in 7 innings, game called because of lightning.
- 1940 - Birth of Willie Tyler in Red Level, Alabama, USA; ventriloquist (Lester).
- 1941 - Birth of Alan Feinstein in New York City, New York, USA; actor (Max - Berrengers, Family Tree).
- 1941 - Entire Jewish community of Meretsch, Lithuania is exterminated.
- 1941 - In Russia, German forces cut off and set siege to Leningrad.
- 1943 - (1830 hours) On Algiers radio, US General Dwight Eisenhower announces the surrender of Italy. An hour later, Italian Premier Marshal Badoglio also announces the surrender.
- 1943 - New York Giants' pitcher Ace Adams sets record by working in his 62nd game.
- 1944 - (1845 hours British) The first German A-4 (V-2) rocket hits London, England, landing on Staveley Road in Chiswick, killing three and injuring 20. The explosion creates a crater 10-20 feet deep and 40 feet across. The full name of the rocket is Vergeltungswaffe 2 (Revenge Weapon 2), named by Adolf Hitler.
- 1945 - Birth of Rogie Vachon in Québec, Canada; NHL goalie (Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, Vezina-1968).
- 1945 - US invades Japanese-held Korea.
- 1946 - San Francisco 49ers play first AAFC game, lose to New York Yankees 21-7.
- 1947 - Birth of Ann Beattie in Washington DC, USA; short story writer (New Yorker Magazine).
- 1951 - Birth of Tom Gullikson in Wisconsin, USA; tennis player (US mixed Doubles 1984).
- 1951 - Japan signs the San Francisco Peace Treaty with 48 nations, regaining its independence.
- 1952 - Ernest Hemingway's book The Old Man and the Sea is published.
- 1954 - Birth of Clayton Norcross; actor (The Bold and the Beautiful, The Colbys, Santa Barbara).
- 1954 - South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) formed to stop communist spread in South East Asia.
- 1954 - With a 3-2 count, Philadelphia Phillies' Richie Ashburn fouls next 14, then walks.
- 1955 - Disneyland welcomes its one millionth visitor.
- 1955 - Earliest clinching of a National League pennant (Brooklyn Dodgers).
- 1956 - Birth of Maurice Cheeks; NBA guard (New York Knicks, Philadelphia '76ers).
- 1956 - Harry Belafonte's album "Calypso" goes to #1 and stays #1 for 31 weeks.
- 1957 - Birth of Heather Thomas in Greenwich, Connecticut, USA; actress (Jody - Fall Guy, Coed Fever).
- 1957 - Mal Anderson and Althea Gibson win tennis' US Open.
- 1957 - Pope Pius XII encyclical On motion pictures, radio, TV.
- 1958 - Birth of David Lewis; guitarist (Atlantic Starr - "Touch a Four Leaf Clover").
- 1958 - Oman turns over Gwadur (on Baluchistán coast) to Pakistan.
- 1961 - Birth of Franny Michel in Brooklyn, New York, USA; actress (Patricia - Apple's Way).
- 1963 - The 30-minute comedy TV show Car 54, Where Are You? premieres in syndication.
- 1963 - ABC premieres the Discovery 30-minute educational TV show.
- 1963 - Ines Cuervo de Priete, 34, gives birth to quintuplets, all boys.
- 1965 - Kansas City Athletics' Bert Campaneris is first in Major League Baseball to play all nine positions in one game.
- 1965 - Death of Hermann Staudinger in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1953 for work on polymers.
- 1966 - NBC-TV airs the first episode of TV show Star Trek, starring William Shatner. First episode is entitled The Man Trap.
- 1966 - ABC-TV debuts the That Girl TV show, starring Marlo Thomas.
- 1967 - Surveyor 5 is launched; makes soft landing on Moon September 10.
- 1967 - Uganda abolishes traditional tribal kingdoms, becomes a republic.
- 1967 - The ABC TV network airs the first Judd, For the Defense 60-minute drama TV show in the USA.
- 1969 - Bud Collyer, TV emcee (Beat the Clock, To Tell the Truth), dies at age 61.
- 1971 - The NBC TV network airs the last The Kraft Music Hall TV show in the USA.
- 1971 - John F Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts opens in Washington DC.
- 1972 - Chicago Cubs' Ferguson Jenkins wins his 20th game for 6th straight year.
- 1972 - Jim Ryun (US) and Billy Fordjour (Ghana) collide and fall in qualifying competitions for 1,500m finals, ending Ryan's chances for gold.
- 1973 - CBS airs the last Mission: Impossible TV show. A total of 171 episodes aired.
- 1973 - First all Australian women's US Open final, Court beats Goolagong.
- 1973 - Billy Martin named manager of the Texas Rangers.
- 1973 - Hank Aaron sets record of most home runs in one league (709).
- 1974 - US President Gerald Ford pardons former President Richard Nixon of all federal crimes.
- 1975 - Boston, Massachusetts, begins court ordered bussing of public schools.
- 1977 - Interpol sends a resolution concerning video piracy.
- 1978 - Second game of the Boston Massacre; New York Yankees beat Boston Red Sox 13-2.
- 1978 - Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in Teheran, killing 122, wounding 4,000.
- 1979 - México recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- 1980 - Death of Willard Libby, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1908).
- 1981 - Death of Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1907).
- 1981 - Roy Wilkins, longtime executive director of NAACP, dies at age 80.
- 1983 - NASA launches RCA-6.
- 1984 - Death of Frank Lowson, English Test Cricketer 1951-1955 (born 1925).
- 1985 - USA Weekend's first issue, appears in 255 newspapers.
- 1985 - Seven die in a car and train crash in San Jose, California.
- 1985 - Alayson Gibbons sets 24 hour women swim record of 42.05 miles in 25-metre pool.
- 1985 - Pete Rose ties Ty Cobb with 4,191 hits.
- 1985 - Death of John Franklin Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1887).
- 1988 - Javier Sotomayer of Cuba high jumps world record 2.43m.
- 1989 - The TV show The Nutt House, produced by Mel Brooks for Disney, first airs on NBC.
- 1989 - Death of Paul Alfred Weiss in White Plains, New York (born in Vienna, Austria); biologist.
- 1990 - Ellis Island Historical Site opens on Eliis Island, New York City.
- 1990 - Gabriella Sabitini beats Steffi Graff to win the US Open.
- 1990 - NBC begins airing the Disney TV series The Fanelli Boys.
- 1990 - The ABC TV network debuts the animated series New Kids on the Block.
- 1991 - Alex North, music composer (Spartacus), dies at age 80 of cancer.
- 1991 - Buffalo Bills' Jim Kelly passes for six touchdowns versus Pittsburgh Steelers (52-34).
- 1991 - Stefan Edberg wins the US Open.
- 1991 - The Fox TV network begins airing the Herman's Head series.
- 1991 - The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent.
- 1993 - Disney releases the Hollywood Pictures live-action feature film The Joy Luck Club to theaters in the US.
- 1994 - USAir Flight 427, a Boeing 737 with 132 people on board, crashes on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport; there are no survivors.
- 1995 - The Buena Vista Television - Syndication TV series Disney's Sing Me A Story: With Belle premieres.
- 1995 - The animated TV series The Lion King's Timon & Pumbaa premieres, part of The Disney Afternoon.
- 1997 - Fox airs the first episode of YB show Ally McBeal, starring Calista Flockhart.
- 1998 - Saint Louis Cardinals' first baseman Mark McGwire breaks Major League Baseball's single-season home-run record, formerly held by Roger Maris. McGwire hits number 62 at Busch Stadium in the fourth inning off of Chicago Cubs' pitcher Steve Trachsel.
- 1998 - The first episode of TV show Pokémon airs in the US.
- 1999 - The first of a series of Russian apartment bombings occurs. 22 fails.
- 2000 - Albania officially joins the World Trade Organization.
- 2002 - Typhoon Sinlaku causes huge waves on the Qiantangjiang River in Sheijang Province, China.
- 2004 - In the "Rathergate" affair, the first Internet posts appear pointing out that documents claimed by CBS News to be typewritten memos from the early 1970s appear instead to have been produced using modern word processing systems.
- 2004 - Death of Frank Thomas, American animator (Walt Disney Company) (born 1912).
- 2007 - Over 50 people die when a car bomb explodes in the Algerian port city of Dellys.
- 2008 - Roger Federer wins a fifth straight US Open mens tennis title, defeating Andy Murray 6-2, 7-5, 6-2, in one hour 51 minutes at Flushing Meadows.
- 2016 - NASA launches OSIRIS-REx, its first asteroid sample return mission. The probe will visit Bennu and is expected to return with samples in 2023.
- 2022 - Death of Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor AKA Queen Elizabeth II at age 96 in Balmoral Castle, Scotland; sovereign leader of 15 nations, head of Commonwealth of over 50 nations.
- 2022 - Prince Charles is proclaimed King Charles III of the United Kingdom and of the 14 countries where the monarch is head of state.
- 2022 - Death of Sonny West at age 85; musician, songwriter ("Oh, Boy!", "Rave On").
- 2023 - 6.8-magnitude earthquake hits Morocco, in the Atlas Mountains near Marrakesh. About 2800 killed and 2500 injured.
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