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What happened in history on this day: September 9?
On September 9 in ...
- 701 - Saint Sergius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
- 1087 - William I The Conqueror, King of England, and Duke of Normandy, dies.
- 1513 - Battle of Flodden Fields; English defeat and kill King James IV of Scotland. Scots lose 10,000 of 35-40,000 men; English lose 4,000 of 26,000 men.
- 1547 - English battle Scottish forces at Pinkie Cleugh, south of Edinburgh; English are victorious, returning to London, but without the Queen of Scotland who had fled to France.
- 1585 - Birth of Cardinal A Jean de Plessicide de Richelieu Louis XIII chief minister.
- 1642 - Earl of Essex takes command of Parliament army of about 13,000 men at Northampton.
- 1739 - Slave revolt in Stono South Carolina led by Jemmy (25 whites killed).
- 1754 - Birth of William Bligh nasty ship's captain (HMS Bounty).
- 1776 - Continental Congress renames "United Colonies" as "United States".
- 1805 - Napoleon commands an end of the French Republican calender by a decree of the senate.
- 1828 - Birth of Leo Tolstoy in Russia; novelist (War and Peace, Anna Karenina).
- 1830 - Charles Durant, first US aeronaut, flies a balloon from Castle Garden, New York City to Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
- 1839 - John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
- 1841 - Great Lakes steamer Erie sinks off Silver Creek, New York, kills 300.
- 1850 - Birth of Harishchandra in India; poet/dramatist/father of modern Hindi.
- 1850 - California becomes 31st US state.
- 1850 - Territories of New Mexico and Utah are created.
- 1853 - Birth of Frederick R Spofforth in Australia; cricket player (Demon).
- 1867 - Luxembourg gains independence.
- 1868 - Birth of Mary Austin in Illinois, USA; feminist/nature writer (Land of Little Rain).
- 1875 - Birth of Charles Keck in New York City, New York, USA; American sculptor (Stonewall Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, James Duke, Booker T. Washington, Liberty Monument, Boy with Fish, Pandora's Box, statue of Mohammed), coin designer (US 1915 Panama-Pacific gold dollar, 1927 Vermont Sesquicentennial half dollar, 1936 Lynchburg Sesquicentennial half dollar).
- 1880 - Birth of Viking Eggeling in Sweden; artist/film maker (Diagonal Symphony).
- 1887 - Birth of Alfred Landon; American politician (Republican-Kansas) presidential candidate (1932, 1936).
- 1892 - Almalthea, 5th moon of Jupiter, discovered by EE Barnard at Lick.
- 1895 - The American Bowling Congress forms (New York City).
- 1896 - First operation involving a suture of the heart, to close a 1.5-cm knife wound to the right ventricle. The patient makes a complete recovery.
- 1898 - Birth of Frank (Fordham Flash) Frisch in New York City, New York, USA; baseball player (National League Most Valuable Player 1931).
- 1899 - Birth of Neil Hamilton in Lynn, Massachusetts, USA; actor (Commissioner Gordon - Batman).
- 1900 - Birth of James Hilton; hotel magnate (Hilton Hotels).
- 1907 - Birth of Pinky Tomlin in Eureka Springs, Arkansas, USA; singer/actor (Tip - Waterfront).
- 1908 - Birth of John Haeton; US bobsled (Olympic-silver-1928, 1948).
- 1908 - Orville Wright makes first one-hour airplane flight, in Fort Myer, Virginia.
- 1911 - First airmail service (British Post Office) from Hendon to Windsor.
- 1912 - Birth of Kurt Sanderling in Arys, Germany; conductor (East Berlin Symphony 1960-77).
- 1912 - J Verdrines becomes first to fly over 100 mph (107 mph/172 kph).
- 1919 - Birth of Jacques Marin in Paris, France; actor (Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo).
- 1919 - Birth of Dimetrios Georgios Synodinos AKA Jimmy Snyder AKA Jimmy the Greek in Steubenville, Ohio, USA; gambler/sportscaster.
- 1920 - Birth of Wally Boag in Portland, Oregon, USA; performer at Disneyland's Golden Horseshoe Revue about 40,000 times from 1955 to 1982, actor in The Absent-Minded Professor, The Love Bug, voice of Jose parrot in Enchanted Tiki Room, named a Disney Legend in 1995.
- 1922 - Saint Louis Browns' "Baby Doll" Jacobson hits three triples beating Detroit Tigers 16-0.
- 1924 - Birth of Jane Greer in Washington DC, USA; actress (Prisoner of Zenda, Clown).
- 1924 - Birth of Nino Bibbia in Italy; bobsled (Olympic-gold-1948).
- 1925 - Birth of Cliff Robertson in La Jolla, California, USA; actor (Charly)/spokesman for AT&T.
- 1926 - National Broadcasting Company created by the Radio Corporation of America.
- 1928 - Silvio Cator of Haiti sets long jump record at 26 feet 0.25 inches.
- 1932 - Birth of Sylvia Miles in New York City, New York, USA; actress (Midnight Cowboy, Farewell My Lovely).
- 1932 - Frank Crosetti ties record, strikes out twice in one inning.
- 1935 - Birth of Chaim Topol in Tel Aviv, Israel; actor (Fiddler on the Roof).
- 1936 - New York Yankees clinch 8th pennant.
- 1939 - Slovak troops cease their advance into Poland, after occupying all former territory taken by Poland in 1920, 1928, and 1938.
- 1939 - French forces complete the capture of a German salient from Saarbruecken to Saarlautern, taking villages of Karlsbrunn, Lauterbach, Ludweiler, Grossrosseln, and Saint Nikolaus.
- 1939 - German forces capture Lodz, Poland.
- 1941 - Birth of Les Braid in England; bass (Swinging Blue Jeans - "You're No Good").
- 1941 - Birth of Otis Redding in Georgia, USA; rocker ("Sitting on the Dock of the Bay").
- 1942 - First bombing on continental US soil, Mount Emily, Oregon.
- 1942 - Birth of Inez Foxx in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA; rocker ("Mockingbird", "Hi Diddle Diddle").
- 1943 - Birth of Roger Waters; rocker (Pink Floyd - The Wall).
- 1943 - Allied forces launch Operation Avalanche, with amphibious landings of 55,000 troops at Salerno, Italy. US 6th Corps under Ernest Dawley lands on the right, 25 miles south of Salerno. British 10th Corps under Sir Richard McCreery lands on the left, just south of Salerno.
- 1943 - Allied forces launch Operation Slapstick, as the British 1st Airborne Division lands at Taranto, Italy, seizing the naval base.
- 1944 - Allied forces liberate Luxembourg.
- 1944 - Bulgaria liberated from German control (often referred to as the invasion of Bulgaria by Russia).
- 1944 - Bulgaria signs an armistice with the Allies.
- 1945 - Japanese in South Korea, Taiwan, China, Indochina surrender to Allies.
- 1945 - Jimmie Foxx hits his 534th and final home run.
- 1945 - Philadelphia Athletics' Dick Fowler no-hits Saint Louis Browns, 1-0.
- 1946 - Birth of Billy Preston; singer/pianist, the 5th Beatle (David Brenner Show).
- 1947 - Birth of Lynn Fitzgerald; marathon runner (ran 133 miles 939 yards in 24 hours).
- 1948 - Brooklyn Dodgers' Rex Barney no-hits New York Giants, 2-0.
- 1948 - Democratic People's Republic of Korea is proclaimed in northern Korea, above the 38th parallel of latitude.
- 1949 - Birth of Joe Theismann; NFL quarterback (Washington Redskins).
- 1949 - Birth of John Curry in England; figure skater (Olympic-gold-1976).
- 1950 - First use of TV laugh track-Hank McCune.
- 1950 - Birth of Tom Wopat in Lodi, Wisconsin, USA; actor (Luke Duke - The Dukes of Hazzard).
- 1951 - Birth of Robert Desiderio in the Bronx, New York, USA; actor (Detective Kennedy - Heart of the City).
- 1952 - Birth of Angela Cartwright in England; actress (Make Room for Daddy, Lost in Space).
- 1952 - Birth of Dave Stewart; rocker (Eurythmics - "Here Comes the Rain Again").
- 1954 - Ford begins production of the Thunderbird sports car.
- 1957 - Nashville, Tennessee's new Hattie Cotton Elementary School is dynamited.
- 1958 - Pittsburgh Pirates' player Roberto Clemente ties record of three triples in a game.
- 1960 - 4th American Football League plays first game (Denver 13, Boston 10).
- 1962 - Pat Rooney, vaudevillian, dies at age 82.
- 1963 - Landslide into Vaiont Dam empties lake, kills 3-4,000 (Italy).
- 1965 - CBS airs the last The Defenders TV show. A total of 132 episodes aired.
- 1965 - Sandy Koufax's perfect game against the Cubs bests Bob Hendley's one hit effort, 1-0. It is the Dodger's southpaw record fourth no-hitter.
- 1965 - Tibet is made an autonomous region of China.
- 1966 - Birth of Brenda Epperson; actress (Ashley - The Young and the Restless).
- 1966 - Birth of David Bennent in Lausanne, Switzerland; actor (Tin Drum, Legend).
- 1967 - First successful test flight of a Saturn V booster rocket.
- 1968 - NBC airs the last I Spy TV show. A total of 82 episodes aired.
- 1968 - First US Open tennis tournament, held as an "open" (Arthur Ashe wins).
- 1968 - Minnesota Vikings' Tommy Krammer passes for six touchdowns vs Green Bay Packers (42-7).
- 1969 - Allegheny 853 collides with Piper Cherokee above Indiana, kills 82.
- 1969 - Birth of Scott DeFreitas in Newton, Massachusetts, USA; actor (Andy Dixon - As the World Turns).
- 1969 - The ABC TV network airs the last It Takes a Thief TV show in the USA. 65 episodes aired.
- 1971 - 1,000 convicts seize Attica, New York prison.
- 1971 - Billy Gilbert, actor (Great Dictator, His Gal Friday), dies at age 76.
- 1971 - NHL great Gordie Howe retires.
- 1972 - ABC begins airing The Monkees 30-minute comedy TV show.
- 1975 - ABC airs the first episode of TV show Welcome Back, Kotter.
- 1975 - John McGiver, actor (Patty Duke Show, Jimmy Stewart Show), dies at age 61.
- 1975 - Viking 2 is launched toward orbit around Mars.
- 1976 - Mao Tse-Tung, Chinese communist party chairman (1949-76), dies at age 82.
- 1977 - First TRS-80 Model I computer sold.
- 1978 - Third game of the Boston Massacre; New York Yankees beat Boston Red Sox 7-0.
- 1978 - Baltimore Orioles pull their 7th triple play (5-4-3 versus Toronto Blue Jays).
- 1979 - John McEnroe beats Vitas Gerulaitis for the US Open Tennis title.
- 1979 - Sid Bernstein offers US$500 million for a Beatles reunion.
- 1979 - Yusef Islam (Cat Stevens) weds Fouzia Ali at Kensington Mosque.
- 1979 - The NBC TV network begins airing the TV show Disney's Wonderful World.
- 1979 - The comic strip For Better or For Worse begins its run.
- 1980 - Birth of Michelle Williams; American actress (Dawson's Creek, Brokeback Mountain).
- 1981 - Death of Sir Robert (Bob) Askin, Premier of New South Wales (born 1907).
- 1982 - Conestoga 1, first private commercial rocket, makes suborbital flight.
- 1983 - Vitas Gerulatis bets his house that Martina Navratilova can't beat the 100th ranked male tennis player.
- 1984 - John McEnroe beats Ivan Lendl for the US Open Tennis title.
- 1984 - California Angels' Michael Witt is 11th to pitch a perfect baseball game.
- 1985 - US President Ronald Reagan issues Executive Order 12532, effective October 11, establishing trade and other sanctions agsinst South Africa, including an import ban on Kruggerand gold coins. The order also directs Treasury Department to conduct feasibility study on issuing gold bullion coins, and seek legislative authority to proceed.
- 1985 - Death of Paul Flory, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1910).
- 1986 - At the Palladium in Manhattan, New York, Compaq Computer introduces the Compaq Deskpro 386, the first 80386-based personal computer offered by a major computer manufacturer. The Model 40 features a 16 MHz Intel 80386 and 40 MB hard drive, for US$6449. The Model 130 has a 130 MB hard drive, for US$8799.
- 1986 - New York City jury indicts Gennadly Zakharov (Soviet United Nations employee) of spying.
- 1987 - Nolan Ryan strikes out his 4,500th batter.
- 1987 - CBS TV airs the last episode of Mickey Spillane.
- 1988 - US swamps New Zealand at 27th America's Cup: New Zealand set to appeal.
- 1989 - Steffi Graf beats Martina Navratalova for the US Open championship.
- 1989 - The ABC TV network begins airing Disney's Gummi Bears / Winnie the Pooh Hour.
- 1990 - Samuel Kanyon Doe, president of Liberia, captured and killed by rebels in a filmed execution.
- 1991 - Only 1,695 fans watch Boston Red Sox play Cleveland Indians.
- 1995 - Sony Electronics introduces the 32-bit CD-ROM game system, PlayStation, in North America. Price is US$299.
- 1996 - Death of Bill Monroe, American "father of bluegrass" music (born 1911).
- 1997 - Death of Baseball Hall of Famer Richie 'Whitey' Ashburn of a heart attack in New York.
- 1998 - The United Nations General Assembly elects Didier Opertiri of Uruguay as president for its 53rd session.
- 1998 - Kenneth Starr submits his report and 18 boxes of supporting documents to the House of Representatives, outlining a case for impeaching Clinton on 11 grounds.
- 1998 - A coroner records a verdict of suicide on former football player Justin Fashanu, who was found hanged in a London lock-up garage four months ago.
- 1999 - Sega releases the Dreamcast video game system in the USA. Price is US$199. In the first 24 hours, Sega sells US$97 million worth of hardware and software, setting an entertainment industry record for highest-grossing day.
- 2000 - Birth of Victoria Federica de Marichalar y de Borbón, granddaughter of King Juan Carlos I of Spain.
- 2001 - 68 people die in Estonia after drinking bootleg alcohol that contained methanol.
- 2001 - A suicide bomber kills Ahmed Shah Massoud, military commander of the Afghan Northern Alliance.
- 2003 - Death of Hungarian-American physicist Edward Teller in Stanford, California, USA, "father of the hydrogen bomb", proposed the Strategic Defence Initiative.
- 2004 - A bomb blast outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia, kills eleven and injures up to 100 people.
- 2004 - NBC debuts the TV series Joey, a spinoff of the show Friends.
- 2005 - Death of Louis Nye of lung cancer at age 83; comic actor (Men on the Street, Happy Days, Curb Your Enthusiasm).
- 2006 - Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on a mission to build up the International Space Station. It returns safe and successful on September 21.
- 2006 - The Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres reports two regions of the lower stratosphere show improvements in ozone layer: one no longer decreasing, the other shows signs of increasing.
- 2007 - In Mexico, a truck hauling 25 tons of ammunium nitrate from an explosives plant to a mine crashes, exploding in a huge fireball, killing over 30 people.
- 2007 - The general election in Guatemala elects the president, vice president, congressmen, municipal mayors, and representatives to Parlacen.
- 2007 - Former leader of Panama Manuel Noriega finishes 15 years in Miami, Florida Prison for drug trafficking.
- 2007 - Death of Helmut Senekowitsch, Austrian football player and coach (born 1933).
- 2008 - Asif Zardari is sworn in as president of Pakistan.
- 2008 - Canada's TSX closes up 848.42 points, or 7.03 percent, a record one-day gain.
- 2008 - The Constitutional Court of Thailand orders Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej to resign, after he is paid for appearing on a television cooking show.
- 2008 - Death of Nouhak Phoumsavanh, President of Laos (born 1910).
- 2010 - In San Bruno, California, a gas pipeline explosion destroys 38 homes, kills at least four people, and leaves a large crater in the ground.
- 2012 - NASA's Curiousity rover takes its first photograph of the US 1909 1-cent coin it carried to Mars as part of a calibration target.
- 2016 - The government of North Korea conducts its fifth and reportedly biggest nuclear test. World leaders condemn the act, with the South calling it "maniacal recklessness".
- 2022 - Death of Mark Miller at age 97 of natural causes in Santa Monica, California, USA; actor (Please Don't Eat the Daisies TV show (1965-1967)).
- 2023 - Death of Mangosuthu Buthelezi at age 95; Zulu prince, South African politician.
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