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What happened in history on this day: July 21?
Since 1995, I have been collecting information on a variety of topics,
creating several timelines of history.
Here you will find specific events from those databases
for this day, on the topics of personal computers, video games, the Walt Disney Company,
Chevrolet Corvettes, A&W Root Beer, Sweden, and Canadian coins.
On July 21 in ...
- 1980 - Jack Sams of IBM's personal computer team first contacts Microsoft asking to talk about personal computers.
- 1981 - Digital Research's Gary Kildall tells IBM that its PC-DOS software infringes his CP/M copyright. He says he will not sue if IBM sells CP/M on the IBM PC in addition to PC-DOS.
- 1989 - Zenith Data Systems introduces the Zenith Minisport portable computer. It features 720 KB 2-inch disk drive, 1 MB RAM, backlit LCD display. Weight is 6 pounds; price is US$1999. Price with 2 MB RAM is US$2799. Optional external 3.5-inch disk drive is US$299. Optional internal 1200 bps modem is US$199.
- 1989 - US Federal District Judge William Schwarzer tentatively rules that most visual features of Windows 2.03 are covered by the 1985 license agreement between Microsoft and Apple computer. Of 260 similarities claimed by Apple, ten remain to be decided.
- 1993 - The Federal Trade Commission votes a second time on whether to charge Microsoft with unfair trade practices. Again, the vote is a tie, two to two. A vote on whether to abandon the investigation is also deadlocked at two votes each.
- 1997 - Motorola Computer Group begins shipping the Motorola StarMax 5000 series of Macintosh-compatible computers. Price ranges from US$1999 to US$3399.
- 1999 - At the MacWorld trade show, Apple Computer's Steve Jobs shows the iBook portable computer. It features 12.1-inch TFT display, 300 MHz G3 processor, 4 MB ATI Rage Mobility graphics chip, CD-ROM drive, 32 MB RAM, modem, USB and 10/100Base-T Ethernet ports, 3 GB hard drive, keyboard, Mac OS 8.6, V.90 modem, AppleWorks software, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape Communicator, and comes in a translucent cover in tangerine or blueberry colors. Battery power lasts about six hours. Price is US$1599; weight is 6.6 pounds; size is 2 x 13.5 x 11.6 inches.
- 1999 - At the Macworld trade show, Steve Jobs announces the Halo: Combat Evolved game for Mac and Windows computers.
- 1939 - The Mickey Mouse film The Pointer is released to theaters. Pluto also appears.
- 1942 - Disney delivers the educational film Food Will Win the War to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
- 1950 - The Pluto film Pests of the West is released.
- 1992 - The Boiler Room Barbecue restaurant opens in Tokyo Disneyland.
- 1992 - The China Voyager Restaurant opens in Tokyo Disneyland.
- 1992 - Squeezer's Tropical Juice Bar opens in Tokyo Disneyland.
- 1993 - The Swiss Family Tree House attraction opens in Tokyo Disneyland.
- 1995 - Disney and Westinghouse executives meet to discuss Disney buying the CBS TV network. The offer to sell is US$80 per share.
- 1995 - Michael Eisner meets with Capital Cities chairman Tom Murphy to discuss Disney buying the company. Eisner offers US$115 per share.
- 1995 - Disney releases the Disney Sing Along Songs film compilation Pocahontas - Colors of the Wind on laserdisc in the US, for US$25.
- 1995 - Disney's Fantillusion! parade premieres at Tokyo Disneyland, replacing the Tokyo Disneyland Electrical Parade.
- 2002 - The live-action and animated feature film The Country Bears premieres at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California.
- 1978 - In Zandvoort, Holland, the Corvette Euro-Meet II is held, over three days, hosted by the Swiss Corvette Club International. About 60 Corvettes from all over Europe attend.
- 1979 - At the Road America raceway in Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin, the Trans-Am Championship - Round 5 race is held.
- Finishing 1st in category I and 6th overall is the FEMSA/Kennedy #91 Corvette, driven by Gene Bothello.
- Finishing 2nd in category I and 7th overall is the Arthur Treacher's #11 Corvette, driven by Paul Canary.
- Finishing 3rd in category I and 8th overall is the #92 Corvette, driven by Gary Carlen.
- Finishing 4th in category I and 9th overall is the Western Ave. Auto Parts #70 Corvette, driven by Bill Morrison.
- Finishing 5th in category I and 10th overall is the Fick Grinding #82 Corvette, driven by Warren Fairbanks.
- Finishing 6th in category I and 11th overall is the #3 Corvette, driven by Vernon Brown.
- Finishing 7th in category I and 13th overall is the #36 Corvette, driven by Larry Gross.
- Finishing 8th in category I and 14th overall is the Quinlam & Tyson #24 Corvette, driven by Rick Dittman.
- Finishing 9th in category I and 15th overall is the Phantom #43 Corvette, driven by Frank Joyce.
- Finishing 10th in category I and 17th overall is the #19 Corvette, driven by James Durovy.
- Finishing 13th in category I and 21st overall is the #22 Corvette, driven by Ray Williams.
- Finishing 15th in category I and 24th overall is the #94 Corvette, driven by Brian Utt.
- In 16th place in category I and 26th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the #53 Corvette, driven by Paul DePirro.
- In 17th place in category I and 27th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the #34 Corvette, driven by Jim Sanborn.
- In 19th place in category I and 29th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the Dead Bear #5 Corvette, driven by Bill Adam.
- In 20th place in category I and 30th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the #93 Corvette, driven by Michael Oleyar.
- In 21st place in category I and 31st place overall, but not finishing the race, is the #62 Corvette, driven by Dick Danielson.
- In 24th place in category I and 35th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the Kerns Racing #29 Corvette, driven by Bob Kerns.
- In 12th place in category II and 36th place overall, but not finishing the race, is the Automotive Enterprises #27 Corvette, driven by Rich Sloma.
- 1997 - The last 1997 model Corvette is built, bringing the new model year's total to 9752.
- 2001 - At the Sears Point Raceway, in Sonoma, California, the Wine Country 100 race is held, Round Six of the Trans-Am Series for the BFGoodrich Tires Cup.
- Finishing 5th is the Justin Bell GT Motorsports Experience #40 Corvette, driven by Justin Bell.
- Finishing 7th is the Banner Engineering #66 Corvette, driven by Leighton Reese.
- Finishing 8th is the Preformed Line Products #49 Corvette, driven by Randy Ruhlman.
- Finishing 13th is the Cenweld Corp. / McNichols Co. #23 Corvette, driven by Bob Ruman.
- Finishing 22nd is the Stonier Transportation #59 Corvette, driven by Simon Gregg.
- In 26th place, but not finishing the race, is the LG Motorsports / G2 Performance Parts #28 Corvette, driven by Lou Gigliotti.
- 2002 - At the RFK Memorial Stadium Circuit in Washington, D.C., the Cadillac Grand prix of Washington, D.C. is held, round five of the American Le Mans Series.
- Finishing 1st in GTS class and 8th overall is the Corvette Racing #3 Corvette C5-R, driven by Ron Fellows and Johnny O'Connell.
- Finishing 2nd in GTS class and 9th overall is the Corvette Racing #4 Corvette C5-R, driven by Andy Pilgrim and Kelly Collins.
- 2007 - At the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in Lexington, Ohio, the Acura Spotrs Car Challenge race is held, round seven of the American Le Mans Series.
- Finishing 1st in LMGT1 class and 11th overall is the Corvette Racing #4 Corvette C6.R driven by Oliver Gavin and Olivier Beretta.
- Finishing 2nd in LMGT1 class and 12th overall is the Corvette Racing #3 Corvette C6.R driven by Johnny O'Connell and Jan Magnussen.
- 2007 - At the Barber Motorsports Park in Birmingham, Alabama, the Porsche 250 at Barber Motorsports Park race is held, round eleven of the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series.
- Finishing 13th is the Team Sahlen #43 Corvette driven by Joe Nonnamaker and Wayne Nonnamaker.
- Finishing 14th is the Team Sahlen #42 Corvette driven by Joe Sahlen and Will Nonnamaker.
- Finishing 17th is the Stevenson Automotive #57 Corvette driven by Dominic Cicero and Marc Bunting.
- Finishing 18th is the Georgian Bay Motorsports #03 Corvette driven by Jamie Holtom, Eric Curran, and Ken Wilden.
- 2018 - At the Lime Rock Park raceway in Lime Rock, Connecticut, USA, the Northeast Grand Prix race is held, round 8 of the IMSA WeatherTech Sportscar Championship series.
- Finishing 2nd in GT Le Mans class and 2nd overall is the Corvette Racing #3 Corvette C7.R driven by Jan Magnussen and Antonio Garcia.
- Finishing 4th in GT Le Mans class and 4th overall is the Corvette Racing #4 Corvette C7.R driven by Tommy Milner and Oliver Gavin.
- 1940 - The People's Assembly of Lithuania declares entry of country into the USSR.
- 1940 - Latvia and Estonia request incorporation into the USSR.
- 1941 - France yields to Japanese demands on Indochina.
- 1942 - Adolf Hitler issues Directive 44, regarding operations in Northern Finland. The northern supply route linking Soviet Russia with the Western powers is to be cut.
- 1943 - (day break) About 500 men of the Canadian Hastings and Prince Edward Regment reach the summit of Monte Assoro via the eastern slope, achieving complete surprise, quickly overtaking the German artillery spotting team.
- 1944 - (0030 hours) In Berlin, on orders from General Erich Fromm, a firing squad shots and kills Colonel of the General Staff Mertz von Quirnheim, General Friedrich Olbricht, Colonel Klaus von Stauffenberg, and Lieutenant Wernere von Haeften.
- 1944 - (0100) Adolf Hitler broadcasts a speech throughout occupied Europe. He tells of the unsuccessful attempt on his life, naming Klaus von Stauffenberg as the intended assassin. Hitler appoints Heinrich Himmler Commander-in-Chief of the Replacement Army, and in charge of punishing the coup conspirators.
- 1944 - (about 0300 hours) The five coup leader bodies are taken to the cemetary at the Matthaus churchyard and buried.
- 1944 - (before dawn) SS personnel in Paris are released, as the failed Operation Valkyrie coup collapses.
- 1944 - Japanese premier Hedeki Tojo resigns.
- 1944 - In Germany, Major General Hans Oster is arrested.
- 1944 - American Marines land on Guam.
- 1945 - The Japanese ambassador in Moscow makes a formal request for Soviet mediation to end the war.
- 1946 - Delegates of 21 nations meet in Paris, France, for a Peace Conference, to attempt to settle on the language of peace treaties with Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, and Finland.
- 1994 - Marshall Islands issues a postage stamp marking the 50th anniversary of the liberation of Guam, Philippines.
- 1995 - Dominica issues seven postage stamps marking the 50th anniversary of the end of World War II.
- 1982 - Atari signs a deal to make a video game based on the film E.T. the Extraterrestrial, for release September 1, for $25 million royalty payment to Steven Spielberg.
- 1996 - Nintendo releases the Game Boy Pocket handheld video game system in Japan. Specifications: 4.19 MHz Z80 processor, 8 kB RAM, 4 gray shades, 4.5 x 3 x 1 inch size, 4.5 ounce weight, 2 x AAA power the unit for about 8-10 hours. Price is 6800 yen (US$60).
- 2004 - The United Kingdom's high court rules that modified PlayStation 2 chips that circumvent copy protection violate Sony's intellectual property rights. The court rules that the individual selling the chips violated the European Union Copyright Directive.
- 2006 - Entertainment Film Distributors releases the film Stormbreaker to theaters in the United Kingdom. A Nintendo DS appears.
- 2009 - Xseed Games releases the Little King's Story for the Nintendo Wii in the USA.
- 2017 - Nintendo releases the Splatoon 2 video game for the Switch in the USA.
- 1911 - The obverse punch for a dollar coin is produced at the Royal Mint in England.
- 1989 - A 12-foot high replica of a 1908 gold sovereign, Canada's first gold coin, is unveiled in Virginiatown, Ontario.
- 2006 - At the CNA annual convention, the Royal Canadian Mint unveils its new mintmark.
- 2011 - The Royal Canadian Mint releases a 2011 Proof 0.925 fine silver dollar, bearing the obverse and reverse designs of the 1911 silver pattern dollar, with dual date "1911-2011". Mintage limit is 15,000 plus 6000 in a Proof set.
- 1978 - Representative James A.S. Leach of Iowa introduces a bill in the House of Representatives calling for a Susan B. Anthony dollar coin.
- 1904 - Camille Jenatzy sets world auto speed record at 65.79 MPH.
- 1921 - Cleveland Indians (9) and New York Yankees (7) hit a record 16 doubles.
- 1923 - Philadelphia Phillies score 12 in 6th inning and beat Chicago Cubs 17-4.
- 1945 - Detroit Tigers and Philadelphia Athletics play 24 innings 1-1 tie.
- 1956 - Cincinnati Reds' pitcher Brooks Lawrence loses after 13 straight wins.
- 1973 - Hank Aaron becomes second major league player to hit 700 home runs.
- 1975 - Billy Martin fired as Texas Rangers' manager.
- 1975 - New York Mets' Felix Milan hits four singles; erased by Joe Torres' four double plays.
- 1984 - Marita Koch of German Democratic Republic sets world women's mark for 200-metre, 21.71s.
- 1989 - Greg LeMond (US) wins Tour de France in fastest time.
- 1989 - Mike Tyson TKOs Carl "the Truth" Williams in 1:33 of first round.
- 1990 - Goodwill Games opens in Seattle, Washington.
- 2006 - New York Yankees player Alex Rodriguez records his 2000th career hit, and at the same time becomes the youngest player to bat 450 home runs. Later in the day, San Diego Padres catcher Mike Piazza also makes his 2000th hit.
- 2018 - At the Lime Rock Park raceway in Lime Rock, Connecticut, USA, the Northeast Grand Prix race is held, round 8 of the IMSA WeatherTech Sportscar Championship series.
- Finishing 1st in GT Le Mans class and 1st overall is the Ford Chip Ganassi Racing #66 Ford GT driven by Joey Hand and Dirk Mueller.
- Finishing 1st in GT Daytona class and 8th overall is the Paul Miller Racing #48 Lamborghini Huracan GT3 driven by Madison Snow and Bryan Sellers.
- 2021 - The International Olympic Committee awards Brisbane the right to host the 2032 Summer Olympics.
- 2022 - At Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California, USA, Major League Baseball regular season game: Los Angeles Dodgers beats San Francisco Giants by score 9-6.
- 2022 - At RingCentral Coliseum, Oakland, California, USA, Major League Baseball regular season doubleheader game 1: Detroit Tigers beats Oakland Athletics by score 7-2.
- 2022 - At RingCentral Coliseum, Oakland, California, USA, Major League Baseball regular season doubleheader game 2: Oakland Athletics beats Detroit Tigers by score 5-0.
- 2022 - At LoanDepot Park in Miami, Florida, USA , Major League Baseball regular season game: Texas Rangers beats Miami Marlins by score 8-0.
- 2022 - At Minute Maid Park in Houston, Texas, USA, Major League Baseball regular season doubleheader game 1: Houston Astros beats New York Yankees by score 3-2.
- 2022 - At Minute Maid Park in Houston, Texas, USA, Major League Baseball regular season doubleheader game 2: Houston Astros beats New York Yankees by score 7-5.
- 1928 - H E Wood discovers asteroid #1096 Reunerta.
- 1935 - C Jackson discovers asteroid #1358 Gaika.
- 1961 - American NASA program launches Mercury 4 (Liberty Bell) with Gus Grissom, in space for 16 minutes, lands 303 miles downrange.
- 1966 - Gemini X returns to Earth.
- 1969 - Russia's Luna 15 impacts moon after 52 lunar orbits.
- 1973 - USSR launches Mars 4 for fly-by (2600 km) of the red planet.
- 1979 - N Chernykh discovers asteroids #2585 Irpedina and #3298.
- 1988 - ESA's Ariane-3 launches two communications satellites (one Indian).
- 2011 - Space Shuttle Atlantis lands successfully at Kennedy Space Center after completing STS-135, concluding NASA's space shuttle program.
- 1983 - The lowest temperature on earth is recorded in Vostok Station, Antarctica with -89.2 degrees C (-128.6 degrees F).
- 1996 - Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River in Quebec, in one of Canada's most costly natural disasters.
- 2006 - Saint Louis, Missouri, is hit by two major derechos (violent windstorms) in a span of three days.
- 1846 - Mormons found first English settlement in California (San Joaquin Valley).
- 1861 - First major battle of Civil War ends (Bull Run), Virginia - CSA wins.
- 1873 - Jesse James makes his first train robbery.
- 1880 - Compressed air accident kills 20 workers on Hudson River tunnel, New York, USA.
- 1896 - The National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. is founded in Washington, D.C., by the merger of the National Federation of Afro-American Women, the Women's Era Club of Boston, and the Colored Women's League of Washington, D.C.
- 1918 - Near Orleans, Massachusetts, USA, German submarine U-156 fires over 100 shells on tugboat Perth Amboy and the barges it is towing, sinking the barges and badly damaging the tug. All 32 people on the tug and barges are rescued. Efforts to sink the submarine fail.
- 1919 - Dirigible crashes through bank skylight killing 13 (Chicago, Illinois).
- 1930 - US Veterans Administration established.
- 1934 - 113 degrees F (45 degrees C), near Gallipolis, Ohio (state record).
- 1942 - Eight die as coal waste heap slides in river valley near Oakwood, Virginia.
- 1944 - American Marines land on Guam.
- 1944 - American forces recapture Guam.
- 1946 - Delegates of 21 nations meet in Paris, France, for a Peace Conference, to attempt to settle on the language of peace treaties with Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, and Finland.
- 1949 - US Senate ratifies North Atlantic Treaty by a vote of 82-13.
- 1955 - First submarine powered by liquid metal cooled reactor launched - USS Seawolf.
- 1959 - First atomic-powered merchant ship, Savannah, christened, at Camden, New Jersey, USA.
- 1961 - American NASA program launches Mercury 4 (Liberty Bell) with Gus Grissom, in space for 16 minutes, lands 303 miles downrange.
- 1962 - 160 civil right activists jailed after demonstration in Albany, Georgia, USA.
- 1966 - Gemini X returns to Earth.
- 1972 - In New York, 57 murders occur in 24 hours.
- 1976 - First outbreak of "Legionnaire's Disease" kills 29 in Philadelphia.
- 1978 - US Postal Service and unions agree on a contract, averting mail strike.
- 1979 - National Women's Hall of Fame (Seneca Falls, New York) dedicated.
- 1983 - US announces Lebanon freed American hostage David Dodge.
- 1984 - In Jackson, Michigan, a factory robot crushes a worker against a safety bar in the first robot-related death in the United States.
- 1986 - In the California - Nevada border region, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake occurs.
- 1997 - The fully restored USS Constitution sailing ship (aka "Old Ironsides") celebrates her 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
- 2007 - U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney serves as Acting President for two and a half hours, while President George W. Bush undergoes a colonoscopy procedure.
- 2010 - The United States announces new sanctions against North Korea aimed to prevent North Korea selling arms and from procuring luxury goods, as well as to put out of business North Korean entities operating illicitly overseas.
- 2011 - Space Shuttle Atlantis lands successfully at Kennedy Space Center after completing STS-135, concluding NASA's space shuttle program.
Other history:
- 1831 - Belgium gains independence from Netherland, Leopold I made king.
- 1969 - Neil Armstrong steps on the Moon.
- 2002 - Telecommunications giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection (the largest such filing in United States history).
- 2007 - The final epic novel in J.K. Rowling's bestselling series Harry Potter, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, is released, selling over 8 million copies in the first 24 hours.
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