- April 15
- Jan IV Chalon prince of Orange, dies. [1]
- December 23
- Margaretha English princess of Burgundy, dies at age 57. [1]
1503
- February 4
- Queen Elizabeth consort of Henry VII of England, dies. [1]
- February 11
- Elizabeth of York Consort of King Henry VII, dies on 38th birthday. [1]
- February 15
- Henry Deane Archbishop of Canterbury (1501-03), dies. [1]
- August 18
- Death of Pope Alexander VI, born Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia. [66.8]
1504
- April 18
- Filippino Lippi painter, dies at about age 52. [1]
- May 5
- Anton of Burgundy the Great Bastard, knight, dies at about age 82. [1]
- May 31
- Engelbert II earl of Nassau-Dillenburg-Dietz, dies. [1]
1505
- February 4
- Joan of Valois Queen of France/saint, dies at age 40. [1]
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- December 18
- John IX van Horne prince-bishop of Lieges, executed. [1]
1506
- May 20
- Christopher Columbus, explorer, dies in poverty in Spain at age 55. [1] [5] (May 6 [66.11])
1507
- March 12
- Cesare Borgia cardinal/soldier/politician, killed in battle at age 31. [1]
1508
- February 4
- Death of Conradus Celtis, poet, "Erzhumanist", in Vienna, Austria. [37]
- May 27
- Ludovico Sforza [il Moro] Italian duke of Milan, dies at age 55. [1]
1509
- April 21
- Henry VII, first Tudor king of England (1485-1509), dies at age 52 of tuberculosis in the palace at Richmond, Surrey. [1] [1381.8]
- May 20
- Catharina Sforza Italian duchess of Forli, dies at age 45. [1]
1510
- March 1
- Francisco d'Almeida viceroy of India, dies in battle at about age 59. [1]
- March 25
- Georges d'amboise French archbishop of Narbonne/Rouen, dies at age 49. [1]
- May 17
- Sandro Botticelli [Alessandro di Mariano del Filpepi], painter (Birth of Venus, Portrait of a Young Man with a Medal), dies at about age 65. [1] [412.84]
- May 25
- Georges d'Amboise French cardinal/viceroy in North Italy, dies at age 49. [1]
1512
- February 22
- Amerigo Vespucci, Italian explorer (America), dies at age 61. [1] [5]
- April 3
- Richard Pafraet Dutch printer, dies. [1]
- April 11
- Gaston de Foix French pretender to Navarra throne, dies in battle. [1]
- May 26
- Bajezid II Governor of Amasja/8th Sultan of Turkey, dies. [1]
1513
- February 8
- Alonso de Ojeda Spanish explorer (Curaçao and Bonaire), dies. [1]
- February 21
- Julius II [Giuliano dellea Rovere], Roman Catholic Pope (1503-13), dies at age 69. [1]
- December 25
- Johannes Amerbach Swiss publisher/printer, dies at about age 70. [1]
1514
- January 9
- Anna de Bretagne wife of Maximilian, dies at age 36. [1]
- December 4
- Richard Hunne English "heretic", commits suicide(?). [1]
1515
- January 1
- Louis XII Father of People, "the Justified" King of France (1498-1515), dies at age 52. [1]
- December 1
- Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba [el Gran Capitán] Spanish general, dies at age 62. [1]
- December 2
- Gonzalo de Córdoba Spanish general/strategist/viceroy of Naples, dies. [1]
- December 15
- Alfonso de Albuquerque viceroy of Portuguese Indies, dies. [1]
1516
- January 23
- Ferdinand II king of Aragon/Sicily, dies at age 63. [1]
- March 13
- Vladislav II Jagiello king of Bohemia (1490-1516), dies at age 60. [1]
- March 17
- Giuliano de' Medici monarch of Florence, dies at age 37. [1]
1517
- January 1
- Hermann Vischer the Younger, German bronze merchant, dies. [1]
- January 12
- Vasco Núñez de Balboa Spanish conquistador/admiral, beheaded at age 41. [1]
- April 13
- Tuman Bey last Mamelukken sultan of Egypt, hanged. [1]
1519
- January 12
- Death of Maximilian I in Wels, Austria; Archduke of Austria, German king, Holy Roman Emperor. [1] [37]
- May 2
- Leonardo Da Vinci artist/scientist, dies at age 67. [1]
- August 11
- Death of Johann Tetzel in Leipzig (seller of indulgences at the time of Martin Luther). [37]
1520
- April 6
- Raphael [Sanzio] artist (Sistine Madonna), dies on his 37th birthday. [1]
- September 22
- Selim I captured Baghdad, dies at age 53. [1]
- November 8
- In Sweden, followers of Sten Sture are tried in an ecclesiastic court presided over by the Archbishop, in the presence of the King. All are found guilty of heresy. Bishop Mattias of Strängnäs is beheaded first, then Bishop Vincentius of Skara. A total of 82 men are put to death over three hours. This becomes known as the Stockholm Bloodbath. Orders are sent to Finland for execution of Hemming Gadh. Kristina Gyllerstierna and Anna Bielke are taken as prisoners to Denmark. [7]
1521
- April 22
- Juan de Padilla Spanish nobleman/communero-rebel, beheaded. [1]
- April 27
- Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan is hit by a poisoned arrow while fighting in the Philippine islands, and dies. [1] [129] (April 21 [394.27])
- May 28
- Willem van Croij duke of Soria, dies at about age 62. [1]
- September 24
- Death of alchemist and physician Paracelsus (Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim) in Salzburg, Austria. [37]
- December 1
- Leo X [Giovanni de' Medici] Italian Pope (1513-21), dies at age 45. [1]
- December 13
- Manoel I "the Great" King of Portugal (1495-1521), dies at age 52. [1]
1522
- June 6
- Death of Johannes Reuchlin in Bad Liebenzell, Germany. Reuchlin was a scholar of ancient Greek and Latin, and Hebrew language and literature. [37]
1523
- May 7
- Franz von Sickingen, German knight/protect of poor, dies of wounds at age 42 in Ebernburg. [1] [37]
- August 29
- Death of Ulrich von Hutten near Zürich, Switzerland; staunch supporter of Martin Luther. [37]
1524
- January 5
- Marko Marulic/Marulus/Splichanin/Pecinich Croatian poet, dies at age 73. [1]
- April 7
- Philip of Burgundy bishop of Utrecht, dies. [1]
- May 21
- Thomas Howard second duke of Norfolk general/premier, dies at about age 80. [1]
- December 10
- Henry van Zutphen Dutch Augustine/Lutheran minister, burned to death. [1]
- December 24
- Vasco da Gama Portuguese explorer/viceroy of Cochin India, dies at about age 55. [1]
1525
- April 3
- Giovanni Rucellai Italian poet (Le Api), dies at age 49. [1]
- May 5
- Death of Friederich III (the Wise), Elector of Saxony in Lochau, Germany, protector of Martin Luther after the imperial ban of 1521, patron of Albrecht Dürer, and Luchas Cranach the Elder, founder of the University of Wittenberg in 1502. [1] [37]
- May 27
- Thomas Münzer, German vicar/boer leader, executed in Mühlhausen. [1] [37]
- December 30
- Jacob Fugger German banker/merchant, dies at age 66. [1]
1526
- August 4
- Juan Sebastián Cano Spanish explorer, dies. [1]
1527
- May 6
- Karel van Bourbon military governor (Lombardije), dies at age 37. [1]
1528
- January 28
- Philips of Cleve ruler of Ravenstein, dies. [1]
- February 14
- Edzard I the Great count of Austria-E Frisia (1494-1528), dies at age 66. [1]
- April 6
- Albrecht Dürer, German painter to the Holy Roman Emperors Maximilian I and Charles V (Adoration of the Magi), graphic artist (The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Passion of Christ, Adam and Eve, and St. Jerome in his Study), dies in Nürnberg at age 56. [1] [37] [37]
1529
- January 7
- Peter Vischer the Old, German count of Sebaldus, dies. [1]
- April 19
- John Cuspinianus [Spiessheimer] German physician, dies at about age 55. [1]
1530
- April 18
- François Lambert d'Avignon French church reformer, dies at about age 43. [1]
- April 24
- Jacopo Sannazaro Italian poet (De partu Virginis), dies. [1]
- November 29
- Cardinal Thomas Wolsey adviser to England's King Henry VIII, dies. [1]
- December 1
- Margaretha of Austria governess of the Netherlands, dies at age 51. [1]
- December 25
- Babur emperor of Delhi, dies. [1]
- December 26
- Zahir al-Din Mohammed Babur Shah founder Mogols-dynasty, dies at age 47. [1]
1531
- January 22
- Andrea del Sarto Italian artist, dies at age 43. [1]
- March 20
- Sicke Freerks/Frericx [Cutter], Dutch anabaptist, beheaded. [1]
- April 5
- Richard Roose boiled to death for trying to poison an archbishop. [1]
- October 11
- Ulrich Zwingli dies in Sankt Gallen, Switzerland; influential church reformer in the development of Swiss Protestantism, questioned fasting and the celibacy of priests, published his 67 Artikel, his leadership led to the removal of images from churches, the removal of organs and the replacement of the mass with a communion service. [37]
- December 6
- John Volkertsz Trimaker Dutch anabaptist leader, beheaded. [1]
1533
- April 10
- Frederik I King of Denmark/Norway (1523-33), dies at age 61. [1]
- June 25
- August 29
- Death of Atahualpa, captured king of the Inca Empire, executed by strangulation. [1] [129]
- December 3
- Vasili III great prince of Moscow (1505-33), dies at age 54. [1]
1534
- April 20
- Elizabeth Barton [Nun of Kent] British prophet, is executed. [1]
- May 28
- Dirk Martens Flemish printer/humanist, dies at about age 83. [1]
1535
- February 18
- Agrippa von Nettesheim German royal astrologer, dies at age 48. [1]
- Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim physician/theologian, dies. [1]
- March 1
- Bernardo Accolti [Unico Aretino], Italian writer (Virginia), dies. [1]
- April 29
- John Houghton English, executed. [1]
- July 6
- Sir Thomas More executed in England for treason. [1]
1536
- January 6
- Baldassare Peruzzi Italian architect/painter, dies. [1]
- January 7
- Catherine of Aragon first wife of England's King Henry VIII, dies. [1]
- February 3
- García de Resende Port writer/publisher (Cancioneiro Geral), dies. [1]
- March 16
- Ibrahim Pasha grand-visier of Osmaanse Rich, murdered at about age 45. [1]
- May 17
- Anne Boleyn's four "lovers" executed. [1]
- May 19
- Anne Boleyn, Queen of England/wife of Henry VIII, beheaded. [1] [241.9]
- Lord Rochford, English brother of Anna Boleyn, beheaded. [1]
1537
- January 7
- Alessandro de' Medici Italian monarch of Florence, assassinated. [1]
- January 12
- Lorenzo di Credi Italian painter, dies. [1]
- April 8
- Willem Aerts Flemish architect, dies. [1]
- October 24
- Jane Seymour third wife of Henry VIII, dies. [1]
1538
- February 12
- Albrecht Altdorfer German painter, dies at about age 57. [1]
- February 16
- Everhard/Erardus van de Mark prince-bishop of Liege, dies at age 65. [1]
- February 26
- Worp van Thabor Frisian abbott of Thabor (Chronicon Frisiae), dies. [1]
- March 21
- Hugo earl of Leisnig, Governor of Frisia, dies at about age 79. [1]
1540
- January 27
- Angela Merici Italian monk/monastery, dies. [1]
- May 6
- Jean Luis Vives Spanish theory/humanist/reformer, dies at age 48. [1]
- May 22
- Francesco Guicciardini Italian historian/President of Romagna, dies at age 57. [1]
- July 28
- Thomas Cromwell King Henry VIII's chief minister, executed. [1]
1541
- January 6
- Bernard van Orley Flemish royal painter of Hungary, dies at about age 52. [1]
- May 27
- Margaretha duchess of Salisbury, beheaded. [1]
- December 24
- Andreas R Bodenstein von Carlstadt radical Lutheran, dies at about age 61. [1]
1542
- February 1
- Hieronymus Aleander [Girólamo Aleandro], Italian diplomat, dies at age 61. [1]
- February 12
- Death of Catherine Howard at about age 17 by beheading; Queen of England, 5th wife of Henry VIII. [1381.23]
- May 21
- Hernando de Soto dies while searching for gold, near Mississippi River. [1]
- December 14
- James king of Scotland (1513-42), dies at age 30. [1]
- December 28
- Albert Pigge [Pighius] Dutch theologist/astronomer, dies at about age 52. [1]
1543
- January 3
- Juan Cabrillo conqueror of Central America, discoverer of California, dies. [1]
- February 11
- Ahmed Gran sultan of Adal, dies in battle. [1]
- May 24
- Nicolas Copernicus astronomer, dies in Poland. [1]
1544
- May 29
- Jacobus Latomus [Jasques Masson] Belgian inquisitor, dies at about age 68. [1]
1545
- February 19
- Pierre Brully [Peter Brulius], calvinist minister, burned to death. [1]
- September 24
- Death of Albert of Brandenburg in Mainz (Germany); Archbishop of Mainz and an Elector in the Holy Roman Empire. [37]
1546
- February 18
- Martin Luther biblical scholar/religious reformer, dies at age 62. [1]
- March 10
- Thomas Elyot English diplomat (Boke named the Governor), dies at age 46. [1]
- March 26
- Thomas Elyot British diplomat, dies. [1]
- March 29
- Cardinal Beaton English archbishop of Saint Andrews, murdered. [1]
1547
- January 19
- Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, army commander/poet, beheaded at age 29 for treason. [1]
- January 28
- Henry VIII King of England (1509-1547), dies at age 55. His will designates 16 executors to maintain church and state policies until his son and heir Edward (age 9) comes of age. [1] [858.54] [1433.53]
- March 30
- François I of Valois-Angoulême King of France (1515-47), dies at age 52. [1]
- December 2
- Death of Hernando Cortez at age 63 in Castilleja, Spain; conqueror of Mexico. [1303.286]
1548
- January 23
- Bernardo Pisano composer, dies at age 57. [1]
- April 1
- Sigismund I the Elder, King of Poland, dies at age 81. [1]
- December 24
- Maximilian of Egmond Dutch count/stadholder of Frisia, dies. [1]
1549
- January 19
- Barthout van Assendelft first land advocate of Holland, dies. [1]
- January 28
- Elia Levita German-Yiddish writer (Habachur), dies at about age 80. [1]
- March 20
- Thomas Seymour of Sudely English Lord Admiral, beheaded. [1]
- May 27
- Lijsbeth Dirksdr Fries antabaptist, drowns. [1]
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