- March 17
- Birth of Rodolphe Bresdin; French cartoonist/lithographer (Le Bon Samaritain). [1]
- March 20
- Birth of William Nelson Rector Beall; Brigadier General (Confederate Army). [1]
- March 23
- Birth of Edward Lloyd Thomas; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1898). [1]
- March 30
- Birth of Samuel Bell Maxey; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1895). [1]
- April 5
- Birth of David Rumph "Neighbor" Jones; Major General (Confederate Army). [1]
- April 11
- Birth of Ferdinand Lassalle; French politician/founder (Allgemeiner). [1]
- April 25
- Birth of Charles Ferdinand Dowd; standardized time zones. [1]
- April 28
- Birth of James Winning McMillan; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- May 1
- Birth of George Inness; US landscape painter ("Delaware Water Gap"). [1]
- May 6
- Birth of Joseph Bailey; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1867). [1]
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- May 21
- Birth of George Lafayette Beal; Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- May 29
- Birth of David Bell Birney; Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1864). [1]
- June 1
- Birth of John Hunt Morgan; Brigadier General (Confederate cavalry commander). [1]
- June 5
- Birth of Jabez Lamar Monroe in Curry, Georgia, USA; educator (Republican-Alabama, 1857-61). [1]
- June 7
- Birth of R.D. Blackmore; author (Norie). [1]
- August 9
- Birth of Elisha Ferry; American politician (Governor-Republican-Washington, 1872-80, 1889-93). [1]
- October 10
- Birth of Paulus Kruger; President of South African Republic (1883), Boer leader. [1]
- October 25
- Birth of Johann Strauss (the younger); composer (Waltz King). [1]
- November 9
- Birth of Ambrose P Hill; Lieutenant General (Commander third Corps, ANV). [1]
- December 2
- Birth of Pedro II van Alcantara; Emperor of Brazil (1831-89). [1]
- December 16
- Birth of Henry Heth; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1899). [1]
- December 18
- Birth of Charles Griffin; Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1867). [1]
- December 20
- Birth of Romeyn Beck Ayres; US Brevet Major General (Union Army) (dies 1888). [1]
- December 31
- Birth of Francis Trowbridge Sherman; Brigadier-General (Union volunteers) (dies 1905). [1]
1826
- January 6
- Birth of Herman Grimm; German writer/novelist (Ralph Waldo Emerson). [1]
- January 12
- Birth of Charles Cruft; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1883). [1]
- January 15
- Birth of Mikhail Saltykov in Spas-Ugol, Russia; radical novelist/satirist (Family of Noblemen). [1]
- January 22
- Birth of [Merriwether] Jeff Thompson; Partisan (Confederate Army) (dies 1876). [1]
- January 26
- Birth of Julia Boggs Dent in White Haven Plantation, Saint Louis County, Missouri, USA; spouse of US President Hiram Ulysses Grant. [1] [638.62]
- January 27
- Birth of Richard Taylor; Lieutenant-General (Confederate Army) (dies 1879). [1]
- February 4
- Birth of Halbert Eleazer Paine; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1905). [1]
- February 9
- Birth of John Alexander Logan; Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1886). [1]
- February 16
- Birth of Joseph V von Scheffel; German writer (Gaudeamus). [1]
- March 4
- Birth of John Buford; Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1863). [1]
- March 17
- Birth of Oskar Peschel; German journalist/geography (Völkerkunder). [1]
- March 29
- Birth of Wilhelm Liebknecht; German Member of Parliament (social-democratic). [1]
- April 2
- Birth of Philip Dale Roddey; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1897). [1]
- April 4
- Birth of Zénobe Théophile; Gramme inventor (electric motor). [1]
- April 9
- Birth of Thomas Hewson Neill; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1885). [1]
- May 3
- Birth of Charles XV Louis E King of Sweden/Norway (1859-72)/poet. [1]
- May 4
- Birth of Frederick Church; US romantic landscape painter (Hudson River School). [1]
- May 5
- Birth of Eugénie M de Montijo y de Guzman; Empress of France, wife of Napoleon III. [1] [405.22]
- May 21
- Birth of Danillo II; ruler of Montenegro. [1]
- May 22
- Birth of George Parr; cricket player (legendary Notts batsman, first England touring captain). [1]
- May 29
- Birth of Ebenezer Butterick; inventor (tissue paper dress pattern). [1]
- July 4
- Birth of Stephen Foster in Lawrencevil, Pennsylvania, USA; composer ("Oh! Susanna", "Swanee River"). [1] [5]
- July 26
- Birth of Mahlon Loomis in Oppenheim, New York, USA; obtained patent for wireless technology (radio), first wireless telegrapher. [457]
- December 1
- Birth of William Mahone; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1895). [1]
- December 3
- Birth of George Brinton McClellan; Major General (US Army) (dies 1885). [1]
- December 5
- Birth of John Benjamin Sanborn; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1904). [1]
- December 18
- Birth of Charles-A Chatrian [Erckmann-C]; French writer (L'ami Fritz). [1]
- December 22
- Birth of James Scott Negley; US volunteers Major General (dies 1901). [1]
- December 26
- Birth of Martinus Nijhoff; founder Nijhoff's book/publisher (Van Dale). [1]
- December 28
- Birth of Conrad Busken Huet; Dutch vicar/literary (Country of Rubens). [1]
1827
- January 1
- Birth of William Lewis "Old Tige" Cabell; Brigadier General (Confederate Army). [1]
- January 6
- Birth of John Calvin Brown; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1889). [1]
- Birth of John Wesley Frazer; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1906). [1]
- January 19
- Birth of Carlos Guido y Spano in Argentina; conductor (Ráfagas). [1]
- February 1
- Birth of Alphonse de Rothschild; French banker. [1]
- February 2
- Birth of Abner Monroe Perrin; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1864). [1]
- February 19
- Birth of Charles Robert Woods; US Brevet Major General (US Army) (dies 1885). [1]
- February 20
- Birth of Edward Stuyvesant Bragg; Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1912). [1]
- February 22
- Birth of James Barnet Fry; US Brevet Major General (US Army) (dies 1894). [1]
- February 24
- Birth of Charles Davis Jameson; Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1862). [1]
- February 27
- Birth of Richard W Johnson; US Brevet Major General (US Army) (dies 1897). [1]
- March 7
- Birth of Henry DeLamar Clayton; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1889). [1]
- March 12
- Birth of John Robert Jones; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1901). [1]
- Birth of William Richard Terry; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1897). [1]
- March 19
- Birth of Alexander Shaler; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1911). [1]
- April 2
- Birth of William Holdman Hunt; English painter (Light of the World). [1]
- April 5
- Birth of Joseph Lister in England; physician (founded aseptic surgery). [1]
- April 10
- Birth of Lewis Wallace; Major General (US volunteers)/lawyer/diplomat/author (Ben Hur). [1]
- April 17
- Birth of French C Baeckelmans; Flemish architect (Saint Amanduskerk, Antwerp). [1]
- April 20
- Birth of John Gibbon; Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1896). [1]
- April 22
- Birth of William Hopkins Morris; Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1900). [1]
- April 26
- Birth of Charles Edward Hovey; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers). [1]
- May 7
- Birth of Francis Engle Patterson; Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1862). [1]
- May 16
- Birth of Petrus J H Cuypers; architect (Amsterdam Museum, Central station). [1]
- May 29
- Birth of Reuben Lindsay Walker; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1890). [1]
- December 23
- Birth of Wilhelm Freiherr von Tegetthoff; Austrian admiral (Helgoland/Lissa). [1]
- December 28
- Birth of Robert Latimer McCook; volunteers Brigadier-General (US) (dies 1862). [1]
1828
- January 5
- Birth of August Valentine Kautz; US Brevet Major General (US Army) (dies 1895). [1]
- January 17
- Birth of Lewis Addison Grant; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1918). [1]
- January 23
- Birth of Calvin Edward Pratt; US Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1896). [1]
- January 24
- Birth of Adam Jacoby Slemmer; US Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1868). [1]
- January 27
- Birth of Samuel Allen Rice; US Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1864). [1]
- January 28
- Birth of Thomas Carmichael Hindman; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1868). [1]
- February 8
- Birth of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo; premier of Spain. [1]
- Birth of Jules Verne in France; pioneer of sci-fi (From the Earth to the Moon) (dies 1905). [1] [5]
- February 12
- Birth of George Meredith in England; poet/novelist (Shaving of Shagpat). [1]
- Birth of Robert Ransom Junior; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1892). [1]
- February 15
- Birth of Johan H van Dale; schoolmaster (New Dutch Language Dictionary). [1]
- February 22
- Birth of Robert Alexander Cameron; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1894). [1]
- February 29
- Birth of Antonio Guzman Blanco; President of Venezuela. [1]
- March 1
- Birth of James Fleming Fagan; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1893). [1]
- March 2
- Birth of Jefferson Columbus Davis; US Brevet Major General (US Army) (dies 1879). [1]
- March 4
- Birth of Elisha Franklin "Bull" Paxton; Brigadier General (Confederate Army). [1]
- March 17
- Birth of Patrick Ronayne Cleburne; the "Stonewall" of the West (Major General-Confederate Army). [1]
- March 20
- Birth of Henrik Ibsen in Norway; dramatist (Peer Gynt, Hedda Gabler). [1] [5]
- April 4
- Birth of Margaret Oliphant in Scotland; novelist/biographer (Beleaguered City). [1]
- April 6
- Birth of Charles William; Field Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1892). [1]
- April 8
- Birth of George Baird Hodge; Brigadier General (Confederate Army). [1]
- April 13
- Birth of Joseph B Lightfoot; English theologist/bishop of Durham. [1]
- April 21
- Birth of Hippolyte Taine; French philosopher/historian (Voyage in Italy). [1]
- April 23
- Birth of Albert; king of Saxon (1873-1902). [1]
- April 24
- Birth of Robert Brank Vance; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1899). [1]
- May 8
- Birth of Jean Henri Dunant in Switzerland; writer/founder (Red Cross (Nobel Peace Prize 1901)). [1]
- May 19
- Birth of Adin Ballou Underwood; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers). [1]
- May 20
- Birth of James William Reilly; US Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1905). [1]
- May 22
- Birth of Albrecht Gräfe; pioneer eye surgeon, founded modern ophthalmology. [1]
- May 23
- Birth of Edward Hitchcock; America's first professor of physical education (Amherst College). [1]
- May 28
- Birth of Alpheus Baker; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1891). [1]
- September 9
- Birth of Leo Tolstoy in Russia; novelist (War and Peace, Anna Karenina). [1]
- December 8
- Birth of Clinton Bowen Fisk; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1890). [1]
- Birth of Robert Bullock; Brigadier-General (Confederate Army) (dies 1905). [1]
- December 16
- Birth of John Beatty; US Brigadier-General (US volunteers) (dies 1914). [1]
- December 23
- Birth of Mathilde Wesendonk; German writer/poet (Tagebuchblatter). [1]
- December 28
- Birth of Karl L Kahlbaum; German psychiatrist (katatonie). [1]
- December 30
- Birth of Mark Perrin Lowrey; Brigadier-General (Confederate Army) (dies 1885). [1]
1829
- January 9
- Birth of Adolf von Schlagintweit; German explorer (Tarimbekken). [1]
- Birth of Thomas William Robertson in England; playwright (Caste). [1]
- January 18
- Birth of Louis van Haecke; Flemish chaplain/author (Blood to Bridge). [1]
- January 21
- Birth of Oscar II Frederik, King of Sweden (1872-1907)/Norway (-1905)/poet. [1]
- January 30
- Birth of Alfred Cummings in Georgia, USA; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1910). [1]
- February 1
- Birth of John Potts Slough; Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1867). [1]
- February 11
- Birth of William Anderson Pile; US Brevet Major General (US volunteers) (dies 1889). [1]
- February 13
- Birth of Gerard Keller; writer (Netherlands Spectator). [1]
- February 14
- Birth of Alfred Iverson Junior; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1911). [1]
- February 15
- Birth of Silas Weir Mitchell; US physician/author (Roland Blake). [1]
- February 18
- Birth of Jean Jacques Alfred Mouton; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1864). [1]
- February 21
- Birth of Johnson Hagood; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1898). [1]
- March 2
- Birth of Carl Schurz; Major General (US volunteers) journalist/political reformer/Civil War general. [1]
- Birth of William B. Allison; US Senator for Ohio, co-author of Bland-Allison silver dollar act. [706.70]
- March 14
- Birth of Charles Charlesworth in England; (dies at age 7 of old age). [1]
- March 18
- Birth of William Robertson Boggs in Georgia, USA; Brigadier General (Confederate Army), chief of engineers under Braxton Bragg (dies 1911). [1]
- March 29
- Birth of Robert Emmet Rodes; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1864). [1]
- April 10
- Birth of William Booth; founder (Salvation Army). [1]
- April 24
- Birth of George Peabody Estey; US Brigadier General (US volunteers) (dies 1881). [1]
- May 1
- Birth of José M de Alencar; Brazilian writer/minister of Justice. [1]
- June 8
- Birth of John Everett Millais in England; painter (Order of Release). [1]
- June 12
- Birth of Johanna Spyri in Switzerland; writer (Heidi). [1]
- September 7
- Birth of August Kekule von Stradonitz; discovered structure of benzene ring. [1]
- Birth of Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden; US geologist (Geograph Survey 1859-86). [1]
- September 12
- Birth of Charles Dudley in Warner, Massachusetts, USA; newspaperman/author (Being a Boy). [1]
- October 5
- Birth of Chester Alan Arthur in Fairfield, Vermont, USA; 21st US President (Republican, 1881-85). [825.52] (1830 [1] [525.44])
- October 15
- Birth of Asaph Hall; discovered satellites of Mars, Phobos and Deimos. [1]
- November 28
- Birth of Anton Rubinstein in Vykhvatinetz, Podolia, Russia; composer (Omitri Donskoy). [1]
- December 3
- Birth of Green Berry Raum; Brigadier-General (Union volunteers) (dies 1909). [1]
- December 27
- Birth of James Clay Rice; Brigadier-General (Union volunteers) (dies 1864). [1]
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