- February 3
- General Moncks army reaches London. [1]
- February 13
- Sweden's King Karl X Gustav dies of a stroke in Göteborg. [7]
- February 15
- Klaas Geritsz Compaen Dutch buccaneer/merchant, dies at age 72. [1]
- February 23
- Charles X Gustaaf king of Sweden (1654-60), dies at age 37. [1]
- Charles XI becomes king of Sweden. [1]
- March 16
- English Long Parliament disbands, after holding sessions for over 19 years. [1] [856.9]
- April 4
- English King Charles II ends Declaration of Breda (freedom of religion). [1]
- April 23
- Sweden concludes peace with Poland at Oliva, near Danzig. The Polish king renounces claims on the Swedish throne, and on Livonia. Brandenburg and Austria agree to evacuate Pomerania. [7]
- April 25
- London Convention Parliament meets and votes to restore Charles II. [1]
- May 3
- Sweden, Poland, Brandenburg and Austria sign Peace of Oliva. [1]
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- May 7
- Isaack B Fubine of Savoy, in The Hague, patents macaroni. [1]
- May 8
- English parliament asks King Charles II to return. [1]
- May 14
- Charles II proclaimed King of England, at Sherborne. [1428.82]
- May 23
- King Charles II, returning from exile, sails from Scheveningen to England. [1]
- May 24
- English king Charles II visits Netherlands. [1]
- May 26
- English King Charles II lands in Dover. [1544.68]
- May 27
- Sweden signs a peace treaty with Denmark at Copenhagen, giving back Bornholm and Trondheim to Denmark. [7]
- May 29
- King Charles II restored to English throne. [1458.52]
- György Rákóczi II prince of Transsylvania, dies in battle. [1]
- November 15
- First kosher butcher (Asser Levy) licensed in New Amsterdam. [1]
- December 15
- Philippines: Andres Malong's rebels plunder Bagnotan. [1]
- December 24
- Mary I princess of England, dies at age 29. [1]
1661
- January 1
- Pieter Claesz Dutch still life painter, dies at about age 64. [1]
- January 3
- Maria Henriëtte Stuart (of Orange) English Princess Royal/eldest daughter of the English king Charles I/mother of English king William III, dies of smallpox at age 29. [1]
- January 17
- Andres Malong, Philippines rebel leader, executed. [1]
- March 9
- Death of Guilio Mazarin at age 58; chief minister of France. [1] [1206.39]
- March 10
- French King Louis XIV ends office of premier. [1]
- March 24
- William Leddra last Quaker, hanged in Boston. [1]
- April 23
- King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westmister Abbey. [1] [5]
- April 29
- Chinese Ming dynasty occupies Taiwan. [1]
- April 30
- Tsjeng Tsj'eng-Kung begins siege of Dutch fort Zeelandia, Formosa. [1]
- May 3
- Johannes Hevelius observes third transit of Mercury ever to be seen. [1]
- May 25
- King Charles II marries Portuguese princess Catherina the Bragança. [1]
- May 27
- Archibald Campbell Scottish politician, beheaded at about age 53. [1]
- June 5
- Isaac Newton admitted as a student to Trinity College, Cambridge. [1]
- June 21
- Sweden signs the Treaty of Kardis, in which Russia agrees to return to Sweden areas it had conquered in the Baltic lands. [7]
- (month unknown)
- Danish soldiers and merchants build Christiansborg Castle on the West African coast (today Accra, Ghana). Danes purchased the land from the Ga people for 3200 gold florins. [1617.49]
- July 27
- Parliament confirms the Navigation Act. [1]
- August 9
- In China, a meteorite smashes through the roof of a house. No one is injured. [521]
- September 1
- First Yacht race, England's King Charles versus his brother James. [1]
- October 1
- Yachting begins in England; King Charles II beats his brother James. [1]
- December 20
- Corporation Act enforced in England. [1]
1662
- January 27
- First American lime kiln begins operation (Providence Rhode Island). [1]
- February 1
- Dutch garrison on Formosa surrenders for Chinese pirates. [1]
- February 13
- Elisabeth Stuart English daughter of James I, dies at age 65. [1]
- March 18
- First scheduled bus service, between Porte de Sainte-Antoine and Porte du Luxembourg, in France. Fare is 5 sous. [55.29]
- April 22
- John Tradescant traveller/gardener, dies. [1]
- Royal Society incorporates. [1]
- April 23
- Connecticut chartered as an English colony. [1]
- April 27
- Netherlands and France sign military covenant. [1]
- May 3
- Royal charter granted Connecticut. [1]
- May 19
- Uniformity Act of England goes into effect. [1]
- June 24
- Dutch invasion of Macau repulsed (Macau Day). [1]
- July 15
- Charles II grants charter to establish Royal Society in London. [1]
- August 24
- Act of Uniformity requires English to accept book of Common Prayer. [1]
- September 16
- Flamsteed sees solar eclipse, first known astronomical observation. [1]
1663
- January 6
- Great earthquake in New England. [1]
- January 10
- King Charles II affirms charter of Royal African Company. [1]
- January 23
- King Louis XIV affirms covenant with Rÿnstaten. [1]
- January 29
- Robert Sanderson Bishop of Lincoln (1660-63), dies. [1]
- February 5
- In the St. Lawrence River valley (Canada), an Intensity X earthquake occurs, causing vast landslides along the St. Maurice, Batiscan, and St. Lawrence Rivers. [1] [53]
- February 6
- The first English gold guinea is coined. [476.72]
- April 1
- Gemert fines unwed motherhood (50 guilder penalty). [1]
- April 6
- King Charles II signs Carolina Charter. [1]
- April 18
- Osman declares war on Austria. [1]
- April 25
- Heinrich Pape composer, dies at age 53. [1]
- May 7
- Theatre Royal in Drury Lane London opens. [1]
- July 8
- King Charles II of England granted a charter to Rhode Island. [1]
- September 13
- First serious slave conspiracy in colonial America (Virginia). [1]
- December 5
- Severo Bonini composer, dies at age 80. [1]
- December
- In England, gold coins are first regularly struck by machine press. The 20-shilling piece is 129 39/89 grains, 22-karat fine, with a little elephant in the design to denote origin of the gold in Africa. These coins become known as the "guinea". [309.49]
1664
- January 18
- Moise Amyrault French theologist/vicar, dies. [1]
- January 21
- Count Miklós of Zrinyi sets out to battle Turkish invasion army. [1]
- February 11
- English garrison of Tangier begins war with Moors. (the war lasts 20 years.) [694.48]
- March 6
- King Louis XIV and Emperor of Brandenburg signs covenant. [1]
- March 12
- First naturalization act in American colonies. [1]
- New Jersey becomes a British colony. [1]
- March 24
- Roger Williams is granted a charter to colonize Rhode Island. [1]
- April 4
- Adam Willaerts Dutch seascape painter, dies. [1]
- April 6
- France and Saksen sign alliance. [1]
- May 3
- About 9000 Moors under Abdallah Ghailon ambush about 500 well-equipped English soldiers in Tangier, killing all but 30 who escape wounded, at a cost of over 1000 Moors killed. [694.49]
- May 7
- French King Louis XIV inaugurates the Palace of Versailles. [5]
- May 14
- Turkish great Köprülü attacks 120,000 Donau soldiers. [1]
- May 28
- First Baptist Church is organized (Boston). [1]
- June 15
- New Jersey established. [1]
- September 8
- Dutch surrender New Amsterdam to 300 English soldiers. [1]
- September 20
- Maryland enacts first anti-amaglmation law to prevent widespread intermarriage of English women and black men. [1]
- October 28
- Order-in-Council creates the Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, the first English marines. [857.25]
- December 15
- English colonizing Connecticut. [1]
1665
- January 21
- Pierre de Fermat French mathematician (Fermat theorem), dies at age 63. [1]
- February 27
- Battle at Elmina, Gold Coast Vice-Admiral De Ruyter beats English. [1]
- February 28
- Lodewijk van Nassau Dutch governor (Bois-le-Duc), dies. [1]
- March 4
- English King Charles II declares war on Netherlands. [1]
- March 6
- Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society starts publishing. [1]
- March 11
- New York approves new code guaranteeing Protestants religious rights. [1]
- May 5
- Nicolaas Witsen visits patriarch Nikon in Moscow. [1]
- May 6
- Danish King Christian IV instructs Captain Erik Nielsen Smed to occupy the ownerless Saint Thomas island in the Caribbean. [552.78]
- May 15
- Pope Alexander VII convicts Jansenisme. [1]
- May 24
- Maria de Jesus de Agreda [Maria Coronel] Spanish franciscans, dies. [1]
- May 31
- Jerusalem's rabbi Sjabtai Tswi proclaims himself Messiah. [1]
- Pieter J Saenredam Dutch architectural painter, dies at age 67. [1]
- June 12
- England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam). [1] [5]
- August 27
- "Ye Bare and Ye Cubb" is first play performed in N America (Acomac, Virginia). [1]
- December 4
- Jean Racine's "Alexandre le Grand" premieres in Paris. [1]
- December 10
- Tarquinio Mercula composer, dies. [1]
- December 11
- "Messiah" Sjabtai Tswi festival in Smyrna. [1]
- December 30
- "Messiah" Sjabtai Tswi departs to Constantinople. [1]
1666
- January 18
- Adriaen A Bloemaert Dutch landscape painter, dies at about age 56. [1]
- January 20
- Anna of Austria queen of France/daughter of Philip III, dies at age 64. [1]
- January 24
- Johann Andreas Herbst composer, dies at age 77. [1]
- January 26
- France declares war on England and Münster. [1]
- February 1
- Sjihab al-Din Sultan C Shah Djahan mogol of India (Taj-Mahal), dies. [1]
- February 16
- Netherlands and Brandenburg sign treaty. [1]
- February 24
- Nicholas Lanier composer, dies at age 77. [1]
- April 18
- Peace of Kleef Netherlands and bishop Von Galen of Münster. [1]
- May 6
- Paul Siefert composer, dies at age 79. [1]
- September 1
- Great London Fire begins in Pudding Lane. 80% of London is destroyed. [1]
- September 2
- Great Fire of London starts; destroys Saint Paul's Church. [1]
- November 14
- Samuel Pepys reports on first blood transfusion (between dogs). [1]
- December 30
- Abraham Crijnssen departs to Suriname. [1]
1667
- January 3
- Russia and Poland sign Truce of Androsovo. [1]
- January 20
- Treaty of Andrussovo-ends 13 year war between Poland and Russia. [1]
- January 30
- Treaty of Andrussovo Russia and Poland sign peace treaty. [1]
- February 20
- David ben Samuel Halevi rabbi/author (Shulchan Aruch), dies. [1]
- February 25
- Abraham Crijnssens fleet reach Fort Willoughby on Suriname River. [1]
- February 27
- Abraham Crijnssen conquerors Fort Willoughby (Zeelandia), Suriname. [1]
- February 28
- English colony Suriname in Dutch hands. [1]
- March 31
- France/England sign anti-Dutch military accord. [1]
- April 9
- (to April 23) First public art exhibition, held by Académie de Peinture et de Sculpture at Palais-Royale in Paris, France. [1] [55.19]
- May 9
- Marie Louise de Gonzague-Nevers French Queen of Poland (1645-48). [1]
- May 14
- Georges de Scudéry French writer (Alaric ou Rome Vaincue), dies at age 65. [1]
- May 22
- Alexander VII [Fabio Chigi] Italian Pope (1655-67), dies at age 68. [1]
- May 23
- King Afonso VI of Portugal flees. [1]
- May 24
- French troops attack into Southern Netherlands. [1]
- June 12
- French physician Jean-Baptiste performs the first blood transfusion to a human, nine ounces of blood from a lamb to a 15-year-old boy in France. [55.25] (June 15 [1673.27])
- July 31
- Treaty of Breda ends second Anglo-Dutch War, ceding New York to British. [1137.778]
- August 27
- Earliest recorded hurricane in USA (Jamestown, Virginia). [1]
- December 15
- Brandenburg declares himself neutral in Devolutie War. [1]
1668
- January 19
- King Louis XIV and Emperor Leopold I sign treaty dividing Spain. [1]
- January 23
- England, Netherlands and Sweden signs Triple Alliance against French. [1]
- February 7
- Dutch Prince William III dances in premiere of "Ballet of Peace". [1]
- February 13
- Treaty of Lisbon Spain recognizes Portugal. [1]
- February 23
- Fire in Wiener Hofburg in Vienna, emperor Leopold I rescued. [1]
- March 25
- First horse race in America takes place. [1]
- March 26
- England takes control of Bombay India. [1]
- March 27
- Clemens Thieme composer, dies at age 36. [1]
- English King Charles II gives Bombay to East India Company. [1]
- April 13
- John Dryden (36) becomes first English poet laureate. [1]
- May 2
- First peace of Aken: ends French-Spanish war in The Netherlands. [1]
- Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, ends War of Devolution. [1]
- May 15
- A private bank is taken over by the Swedish State Government, becoming the Riksbank, the first national bank in the world. [7]
- May 23
- Philips Wouwerman Haarlems painter, buried. [1]
- June 4
- The University of Lund (Academia Carolina Conciliatrix) is founded in Sweden. [7]
- July 7
- Isaac Newton receives MA from Trinity College, Cambridge. [1]
- December 13
- Jean Racines "Britannicus" premieres in Paris. [1]
- December 22
- Stephen Day first British colonial printer, dies. [1]
1669
- January 19
- Leo Allatios Greek/Italian theologist/literary, dies at about age 82. [1]
- January 27
- Gaspar de Crayer Flemish painter, dies at age 87. [1]
- February 1
- Abandoned child Huygens friend poet Catharina Questiers, buried at age 31. [1]
- French King Louis XIV limits freedom of religion. [1]
- February 23
- Lieuwe van Aitzema Frisian historian, dies at age 68. [1]
- March 11
- Volcano Etna in Italy erupts killing 15,000. [1]
- March 23
- Philipp Buchner composer, dies at age 54. [1]
- March 25
- Mount Etna in Sicily erupts, destroying Nicolosi, killing 20,000. [1]
- May 2
- Pieter Jansz Post master builder (Waag, Gouda), dies at age 61. [1]
- May 16
- Pietro da Cortona [Berrettini], painter/architect, dies. [1]
- Reyer Anslo writer/poet, dies at about age 42. [1]
- May 20
- Joris van der Hagen landscape painter, dies. [1]
- May 24
- Pieter Cuypers South Netherlands lawyer, dies at age 48. [1]
- September 26
- Venice loses Crete to the Ottomans. [1184.62]
- December 9
- Clement IX [Giulio Rospigliosi] Italian Pope (1667-69), dies. [1]
- December 20
- First jury trial in Delaware; Marcus Jacobson condemned for insurrection and sentenced to flogging, branding and slavery. [1]
- December 31
- France and Brandenburg sign secret treaty. [1]
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