- August 11
- George B Airy begins 46-year reign as England's Astronomer Royal. [1]
- August 25
- The New York Sun publishes the first of six articles about life discovered on the Moon, attributed to astronomer John Herschel. (After several weeks the story is revealed to be a hoax, likely written by a writer for the New York Sun.) [1]
- November 23
- Henry Burden of Troy, New York, patents horseshoe manufacturing machine. [1]
- December 1
- Hans Christian Andersen publishes his first book of fairy tales. [1]
- December 7
- German railway Neurenberg-Fürth opens. [1]
1836
- February 22
- Dutch garrison evacuates fort Du Bus in New Guinea. [1]
- February 24
- 3,000 Mexicans attack 182 Texans at the Alamo. [1]
- In San Antonio, Texas, Colonel William Travis issues a call for help on behalf of the Texan troops defending the Alamo, a fortress under attack by the Mexican army. [129]
- February 25
- Samuel Colt patents first revolving barrel multishot firearm. [1]
- March 2
- Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico. [1] [400.94]
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- March 5
- Samuel Colt manufactures first pistol, .34-caliber "Texas" model. [1] [5]
- March 6
- Mexican forces storm the Alamo through a gap in the fort's outer wall. [129]
- After a thirteen-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 187 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort is captured. [1] [5]
- Davy Crockett, US pioneer, is killed in battle at the Alamo, at age 49. [1]
- March 16
- Texas approves a constitution. [1]
- March 17
- Texas abolishes slavery. [1]
- March 23
- Coin press is invented by Franklin Beale. [1]
- April 21
- Battle of San Jacinto, in which Texas wins independence from México. [1] [605.64]
- May 14
- Texas officially becomes an independent republic. [129]
- May 15
- Francis Baily observes "Baily's Beads" during annular solar eclipse. [1]
- June 15
- Arkansas is admitted to the USA as the 25th state. [1] [505.44] [551.18] [605.66] [680.58]
- June 17
- Government of France resolves to close gambling clubs December 31, 1837. [187.192] [811.101]
- July 21
- First Canadian railroad opens, between Laprairie and Saint John, Québec. [1]
- July 27
- Adelaide, South Australia is founded. [1]
- September 1
- Reconstruction begins on Synagogue of Rabbi Judah Hasid in Jerusalem. [1]
- September 5
- Sam Houston elected president of the Republic of Texas. [1]
- October 22
- Sam Houston is inaugurated as first elected president of Republic of Texas. [1]
- October 24
- The match is patented. [1]
- November 10
- Louis Napoleon is banished to America. [1]
- December 7
- Martin Van Buren is elected 8th US President. [1]
- December 27
- Worst English avalanche kills eight of 15 buried (Lewes Sussex). [1]
- December 28
- Spain recognizes independence of México. [1]
- December 30
- Lehman theater in Saint Petersburg, Russia catches fire; hundreds die. [1]
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