- July 9
- The Swedish navy is victorious over the Russian navy at Svenskund. Over two days, Swedes sink or capture 50-64 Russian ships, killing or capturing 7,000-9,000 men. Swedes lose only four ships and under 200 men. [7]
- July 24
- A meteorite falls in Barbotan and Agen, Gascony, France, crushing a cottage, killing a farmer and some cattle. [521]
- August 10
- Robert Gray's Columbia ship completes first American voyage around the world. [1]
- August 14
- Sweden and Russian come to peace at Värälä. Neither side gains any territory. Russia agrees to not interfere with Sweden's constitution. [7]
- October 13
- French writer Nicolas de Bonneville and priest Abbé Fauchet create secret society the Cercle Social. [1118.105]
- October 23
- Slaves revolt in Haiti (later suppressed). [1]
- November 11
- Chrysanthemums are introduced into England from China. [1]
- December 2
- Austrian army occupies Brussels. [1]
- December 17
- Aztec calendar stone discovered in México City. [1]
- December 22
- Russian troops occupy Ismail on Turks. [1]
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1791
- January 1
- The Bank of North America converts accounts from Mexican dollars to US dollars. [466.79] [609.81]
- February 17
- Messier catalogs M83 (spiral galaxy in Hydra). [1]
- February 25
- President George Washington signs a bill into law establishing a national bank, with 20 year charter. The Bank is capitalized with US$10 million, with $8 million from private investors. [480.56] [705.36] [789.78] [916.172]
- March 4
- Vermont admitted as 14th state (first addition to the 13 colonies). [1]
- March 10
- Pope condemns France's Civil Constitution's treatment of the clergy. [1]
- May 16
- In Near Moodus, Connecticut, an earthquake occurs, the largest historical earthquake in Connecticut. Reported felt at Boston, Massachusetts, and New York City, New York. [53]
- June 20
- King Louis XVI caught trying to escape French Revolution. [1] [1102.906]
- July 5
- José María Narváez discovers Point Grey, now in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. [1]
- August 22
- Haitian Revolution begins. [1]
- September 30
- The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart premieres at Theater an der Wien in Vienna, Austria. [1] [5]
- October 1
- First session of the new French legislative assembly. [1]
- November 21
- Colonel Napoleon Bonaparte is appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of the French Republic. [5]
- December 4
- Britain's Observer, oldest Sunday newspaper in world, is first published. [1]
- December 15
- US Bill of Rights (first 10 Amendments to Constitution) is ratified as Virginia gives its approval. [1] [1061.328]
1792
- January 9
- Russia and Turkey sign Peace of Jassy. [1]
- February 7
- Austria and Prussia sign anti-French covenant. [1]
- March 16
- In Sweden, Jakob Johan Anckarström, former Captain of the Lifeguards, makes an assassination attempt on the King at the Stockholm Opera House. King Gustav III is shot just above the hip. Anckarström was hired by a group of nobles. (The King dies of the wound 13 days later.) [1] [7]
- March 24
- Benjamin West (US) becomes president of Royal Academy of London. [1]
- March 29
- King Gustav III King of Sweden (1771-92), dies of wounds from assassination attempt. [1] [7]
- April 2
- US President George Washington signs the Coinage Act, establishing the US Mint, and authorizes $10 Eagle, $5 half-Eagle and $2.50 quarter-Eagle gold (24.75 grains) coins and dollar, half dollar, quarter dollar, dime and half-dime silver (371.25 grains) coins. Coins of gold and silver are legal tender, but copper metal coins are not. [1] [5] [303.69] [397.52] [474.160] [485.38] [1042.722] [1571.32]
- April 20
- France declares war on Austria, starting French Revolutionary Wars. [1] [1428.46]
- April 25
- Highwayman Nicolas J Pelletier of France is first to be guillotined. [1]
- May 7
- Captain Robert Gray discovers Grays Harbor (Washington). [1]
- May 8
- British Captain George Vancouver sights, names Mount Rainier, Washington. [1]
- May 11
- Columbia River discovered and named by US Captain Robert Gray. [1]
- May 12
- Toilet that flushes itself at regular intervals is patented. [1]
- May 16
- Denmark abolishes slave trade. [1]
- May 17
- 24 merchants form New York Stock Exchange at 70 Wall Street. [1]
- May 19
- Russian army enters Poland. [1]
- June 1
- Kentucky admitted as 15th US state. [1]
- June 4
- Captain George Vancouver claims Puget Sound for Britain. [1]
- June 12
- George Vancouver discovers site of Vancouver, British Columbia. [1]
- June 21
- Captain George Vancouver meets Spanish ships Sutil and Mexicana off Vancouver, British Columbia. [1]
- July 11
- Prussia army moves into French territory. [1]
- July 30
- 500 Marseillaisian men sing France's national anthem for first time. [1]
- August 10
- Mobs in Paris, France, attack the Tuileries palace of Louis XVI. 600 guardsmen are massacred. [1] [223.91] [1102.907]
- August 13
- Louis XVI of France is formally arrested and declared an enemy of the people. [5]
- September 20
- French defeat Prussians at Valmy. [1]
- September 21
- First French Republic declared. [1]
- September 22
- First day of new French Republic. [1] [983.28] [1050.1770]
- October 2
- Baptist Missionary Society forms in London, England. [1]
- November 6
- Battle of Jemappes, new French Republic army defeats Austrian forces. [811.89]
- November 14
- Captain George Vancouver is first Englishman to enter San Francisco Bay. [1]
- December 5
- George Washington is re-elected as US President, with John Adams as Vice-President. [1]
- December 12
- In Vienna, Ludwig van Beethoven (age 21) receives first lesson in music composition from Franz Joseph Haydn. [1]
- December 17
- Opening of first legislative assembly of Lower Canada in Québec City. [1]
1793
- January 9
- Dutch Prince Willem V establishes two brigades Drive Artillery. [1]
- Jean Pierre Blanchard makes first balloon flight in North America (Philadelphia). [1]
- January 19
- French King Louis XVI sentenced to death. [1]
- January 21
- King Louis XVI of France (1774-93), is beheaded by revolutionaries at age 38. [1] [1102.907] [1428.46]
- Prussia and Russia sign partition treaty (Poland divided). [1]
- January 23
- Humane Society of Philadelphia (first aid society) is organized. [1]
- February 1
- France declares war on England and Netherlands. [1]
- February 11
- Prussian troops occupy Venlo, Netherlands. [1]
- February 24
- French troops conquer Breda. [1]
- March 4
- French troops conquer Geertruidenberg, Netherlands. [1]
- March 18
- Second Battle at Neerwinden: Austria army beats France. [1]
- March 26
- Pro-royalist uprising in Vendée region of France. [1]
- April 1
- Volcano Unsen on Japan erupts killing about 53,000. [1]
- April 15
- The Bank of England issues its first 5-pound notes. [1] [389.22] [618.77]
- April 17
- April 29
- Cornerstone laid for Groningen's new townhall. [1]
- May 19
- Netherlands captures French island of Saint Maarten (held until 1795). [1]
- May 21
- Curaçao Island Council forbids criticism on House of Orange. [1]
- May 30
- Georges Couthon is chosen member of French Committee the Salut Public. [1]
- June 24
- First republican constitution in France is adopted. [1]
- October 16
- Marie Antoinette, queen of France, is beheaded. [1] [5] [1102.907]
- October 31
- Execution of the Girondins at Paris, during the Reign of Terror. [1]
- November 8
- Louvre Museum in Paris, France, opens. [1]
- November 24
- French Republic decree of new calendar, starting September 22, 1792, 12 months in year, each month 3 décades of 10 days each, extra 5 days at end of year for feast. [1050.1770]
- December 6
- Marie Jeanne Becu comtesse du Barry, mistress of French King Louis XV, is beheaded. [1]
1794
- January 14
- Doctor Jessee Bennet of Edom, Virginia, USA, performs first successful Cesarean section operation, on his wife. [1]
- February 4
- French National Convention proclaims abolishment of slavery. [1]
- February 14
- First US textile machinery patent granted, to James Davenport of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. [1]
- March 14
- Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin. [1] [5]
- March 22
- US Congress bans US vessels from supplying slaves to other countries. [1]
- March 23
- Josiah Pierson patents a "cold-header" (rivet) machine. [1]
- Lieutenant-General Tadeusz Kosciuszko returns to Poland. [1]
- March 28
- Louvre Museum in Paris, France, opens to the public (although officially opened since August). [1]
- April 5
- Georges-Jacques Danton, French revolutionary leader, executed by guillotine at age 34. [1]
- April 21
- New York City formally declares coast of Ellis Island publically owned, so they can build forts to protect New York City from British. [1]
- May 6
- Haiti, under Toussaint L'Ouverture, revolts against France. [1]
- May 10
- Elisabeth, princess of France, is beheaded at age 30. [1]
- May 17
- Hard frost in southern New England. [1]
- May 18
- Second battle of Bouvines (France-Austria). [1]
- June 1
- Britain has first victory at sea versus France in war started in 1793, defeating the warship escort of a grain convoy. [696.23]
- (month unknown)
- German physicist Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni publishes a book about meteorites, speculating (correctly) that iron meteorites had come from break-up of larger masses in outer space, and are remnants of cosmic matter from formation of Solar System. [523.20] [526.115]
- July 28
- Maximilien Robespierre, French revolutionary/avocat, and 22 others executed by guillotine. [1] [1428.44]
- September 18
- Austrian army is decisively defeated at the battle of Sprimont. [187.190] [811.89]
- November 12
- The Jacobin Club is banned in France. [1428.46]
- November 19
- Jay Treaty, first US extradition treaty, signed with Great Britain. [1]
- November 21
- Honolulu Harbor discovered. [1]
- December 15
- Revolutionary Tribunal abolished in France. [1]
- December 30
- French troops conquer Grave, Netherlands. [1]
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