- January 21
- Aristide Briand forms French government. [1]
- January 23
- Turkish Prime Minister Nazim Pasha is assassinated. [1]
- January 30
- British House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill. [1]
- February 1
- New York City's Grand Central Terminal opens as the world's largest train station. [5] (February 2 [1])
- February 4
- Louis Perlman patents demountable auto tire-carrying wheel rim. [1]
- February 9
- Ten Day Tragedy of Mexico City; 3,000 die. [1]
- February 15
- First avant-garde art show in America opens in New York City, New York. [1]
- February 16
- US President William Taft agrees not to intervene in Mexico. [1]
- February 17
- New York Armory Show introduces painters Picasso, Matisse, Duchamp to US public. [1]
- February 19
- Mexican General V Huerta takes power in Mexico with US support. [1]
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- February 22
- Mexican President Francisco Indalecio Madero is assassinated in military coup at age 39. [1] [446.50]
- Mexican vice president José María Pino Suárez is assassinated in a military coup. [1]
- February 28
- 6.8m, 4000kg elephant seal killed, South Georgia (South Atlantic). [1]
- March 4
- Woodrow Wilson inaugurated as 28th President of the USA. [1]
- March 12
- Foundation stone of the Australian capitol in Canberra is laid. [1]
- March 18
- George I, king of Greece (1861-1913), assassinated by Schinas at age 67. [1]
- March 21
- Flood in Ohio, USA, kills 400. [1]
- March 25
- Home of vaudeville, Palace Theatre, opens (New York City, New York) starring Ed Wynn. [1]
- March 26
- Construction work on the Panama Canal peaks with 44,733 workers on site. [150.62]
- Bulgaria captures Adrianople, ending the first Balkan War. [1]
- April 3
- British suffragette Emily Pankhurst sentenced to three years in jail. [1]
- April 8
- Opening of China's first parliament takes place in Peking (now Beijing). [1]
- April 14
- Belgium begins general strike for voting rights. [1]
- April 21
- German passenger ship Imperator runs aground. [1]
- April 22
- Montenegro troops march into Skoetari, North-Albania. [1]
- April 26
- Sun Yat Sen calls for revolt against President Yuan Shikai in China. [1]
- April 29
- Swedish engineer Gideon Sundback of Hoboken patents all-purpose zipper. [1]
- May 6
- King Nikita I of Montenegro vacates Skoetari, North-Albania. [1]
- May 7
- British House of Commons rejects women's right to vote. [1]
- May 13
- First four-engine aircraft built and flown (by Igor Sikorsky in Russia). [1]
- May 19
- US Congress passes Webb Alien Land-Holding Bill, forbidding Japanese from owning land in USA. [1]
- May 29
- Premiere of Igor Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring, with composer Sergei Diaghilev's Ballet Russe dance company, at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris, France. [5] [1674.26]
- May 30
- First Balkan War ends, by Treaty of London. [1]
- Treaty between Turkey and Albania recognizing Albania independence. [1] [1377.34]
- June 7
- Hudson Stuck, an Alaskan missionary, leads the first successful ascent of the south peak of Mount McKinley, the highest point on the American continent at 20,320 feet. Companions Harry Karstens, Walter Harper, and Robert Tatum follow Stuck to the summit. [129]
- June 12
- The Dachshund by Pathe Freres, early animated cartoon, is released. [1]
- June 30
- Second Balkan War begins. [1]
- July 3
- A common tern bird is banded in Maine; it is found dead in 1919 in Africa (first bird confirmed to have crossed the Atlantic). [1]
- July 10
- The highest temperature ever recorded in the United States is at Death Valley, California: 134 degrees F (56.7 C). [1] [5]
- July 19
- Billboard publishes earliest known "Last Week's 10 Best Sellers". [1]
- August 10
- Second Balkan War ends, Treaty of Bucharest, Bulgaria loses. [1]
- August 13
- Harry Brearley produces the first stainless steel. [5]
- August 20
- First pilot to parachute from an aircraft (Adolphe Pégoud, France). [1]
- August 27
- Lieutenant Peter Nestrov, of Imperial Russian Air Service, performs a loop in a monoplane at Kiev (first aerobatic maneuver in an airplane). [1]
- September 6
- First aircraft to loop the loop (Adolphe Pégoud - France). [1]
- September 10
- Lincoln Highway opens as first US paved coast-to-coast highway. [1]
- September 21
- First airplane aerobatic maneuver, sustained inverted flight, performed in France. [1]
- September 22
- Coal mine explosion kills 263 at Dawson, New Mexico, USA. [1]
- October 7
- Death of Belisario Domínguez in Mexico, murdered for criticism of President Victoriano Huerta. [446.50]
- October 10
- US President Woodrow Wilson pushes button to remotely blow up Gamboa Dam in Panama Canal, allowing Atlantic and Pacific waters to meet. [1] [150.62]
- November 5
- Ludwig III is crowned king of Bavaria. [1]
- November 6
- Mohandas K Gandhi arrested for leading Indian miners; march in South Africa. [1]
- November 9
- Storm "Freshwater Fury" sinks eight ore-carriers on Great Lakes. [1]
- November 29
- The stolen Mona Lisa painting is found in a hotel room in Florence, Italy. [987.558]
- December 1
- First drive-up gasoline station opens (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA). [1]
- Continuous moving assembly line introduced by Henry Ford (car every 2:38). [1]
- December 10
- Kamerlingh Onnes receives Nobel Prize for physics. [1]
- December 12
- Painting Mona Lisa is recovered after being stolen from the Louvre Museum in 1911. [1]
- Hebrew language is officially used to teach in Palestinian schools. [1]
- December 14
- Greece formally takes possession of Crete. [1]
- December 21
- The first crossword puzzle (Arthur Wynne's "word-cross"), with 32 clues, is published in the New York World newspaper. [1] [5] [55.46]
- December 22
- Menelik II, King of Ethiopia (1896-1913), dies at age 69. [1]
- December 23
- The Federal Reserve Act is signed by US President Woodrow Wilson into law. It authorizes the Federal Reserve System and a set of Federal Reserve notes. [1] [420.84] [733.24] [1040.480]
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