- March 25
- Greece freedom revolt against anti-Ottoman attack. [1]
- April 8
- The Venus de Milo statue is discovered on Melos island, Greece. [1544.27]
- June 28
- The tomato is proven to be non-poisonous. [1]
- August 1
- London's Regent's Canal opens. [5]
- October 9
- Guayaquil, Ecuador declares its freedom from Ecuador. [1]
- November 3
- Cuenca, Ecuador declares independence. [1]
- November 18
- US Navy Captain Nathaniel B Palmer discovers Antarctica. [1]
- December 6
- US President James Monroe is re-elected, with Daniel D Tompkins as Vice-President. [1]
1821
- January 17
- México permits Moses Austin and 300 US families to settle in Texas. [1]
- January 28
- Bellingshausen discovers Alexander Island off Antarctica. [1]
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- February 22
- Spain sells (east) Florida to United States for $5 million. [1]
- February 24
- Mexico gains independence from Spain. [1]
- March 25
- Greece gains independence from Turkey. [1]
- May 5
- Death of Napoleon Bonaparte (emperor of France, 1799-1815) on Saint Helena island, at age 52, of stomach cancer or poisoning. [1] [129]
- May 30
- James Boyd patents rubber fire hose. [1]
- May 31
- Cathedral of Assumption of Blessed Virgin Mary, first US Catholic cathedral, is dedicated in Baltimore, Maryland. [1]
- June 21
- African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AMEZ) Church organizes (New York City). [1]
- June 24
- Battle of Carabobo; Simon Bolívar defeats Spanish royalists outside of Caracas. [1]
- July 10
- The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain. [5]
- July 28
- Peru declares independence from Spain. [1]
- August 10
- Missouri admitted as 24th US state. [453.70] [474.30] [714.15]
- September 15
- Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua declare independence from Spanish authority. [1] [549.72]
- September 27
- Revolutionary forces occupy Mexico City as Spanish withdraw. [1]
- Mexico achieves independence from Spanish rule. [1] [1113.150]
- December 1
- Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) proclaims independence from Spain. [1]
- December 19
- Eyjafjallajokull mountain-glacier on Iceland begins volcanic eruptions. (Activity continues for just over a year.) [838.14]
1822
- January 5
- Central America proclaims annexation to Mexican Empire. [1]
- February 4
- Free American blacks settle Liberia, West Africa. [1]
- March 9
- Charles M Graham of New York patents artificial teeth. [1]
- May 3
- Society for the Propagation of the Faith starts (Lyon, France). [1]
- May 24
- At Battle of Pichincha, Simon Bolívar secures independence of Quito from Spain. [1]
- May 30
- House slave betrays Denmark Vesey conspiracy (results in 37 blacks hanged). [1]
- June 9
- Charles Graham receives first patent for false teeth. [1]
- June 18
- Part of US-Canadian boundary is determined. [1]
- (month unknown)
- The Holy Alliance is created. First Article states the members use all efforts to put an end to the system of representative governments in Europe, and prevent its introduction in other countries. [919.117]
- July 2
- King William IV grants a royal charter to the Bank of Montreal. [626.210]
- Denmark Vesey and five aides hanged at Blake's Landing, Charleston, South Carolina. Vesey was a former slave who led a large group of slaves to attempt to gain freedom by force. [1] [819.83]
- July 25
- General Agustín de Iturbide is crowned Agustín I, first emperor of México. [1]
- July 30
- James Varick becomes first bishop of African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church. [1]
- September 7
- Brazil declares independence from Portugal. [1]
- October 8
- First eruption of Galunggung (Java) sends boiling sludge into valley. [1]
- October 12
- Second eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain. [1]
- November 15
- Brazil is declared an independent republic. [1310.8]
- December 1
- Dom Pedro is crowned emperor of Brazil. [1]
- December 2
- In San Salvador, a congress proposes incorporation into US. [1]
- December 12
- US government officially recognizes Mexico as an independent nation. [1]
1823
- January 21
- Eyjafjallajokull volcano on Iceland ceases eruptions, having started December 19, 1821. (It will come back to life again in 2010.) [838.14]
- January 27
- President James Monroe appoints first US ambassadors to South America. [1]
- February 20
- English Captain James Weddell reaches 74 degrees 15' South, 1520 km from South Pole. [1]
- April 22
- Baltic Club (Exchange) forms in London. [1]
- July 1
- United Provinces of Central America gains independence from Mexico. [1]
- September 10
- Simon Bolivar is named president of Peru. [1] [5]
- December 2
- US President James Monroe declares his "Monroe Doctrine". [1]
1824
- January 21
- Ashantees defeat British at Accra, West Africa. [1]
- February 4
- J W Goodrich introduces rubber galoshes to the public. [1]
- February 10
- Simon Bolívar named dictator by the Congress of Perú. [1]
- March 17
- England and Netherlands sign a trade agreement. [1]
- March 21
- Fire at Cairo ammunitions dump kills 4,000 horses. [1]
- April 17
- Russia abandons all North American claims south of 54 degrees 40' North. [1]
- May 24
- Pope Leo XII proclaims a universal jubilee. [1]
- May 26
- Brazil is recognized by USA. [1]
- June 8
- Washing machine is patented by Noah Cushing of Quebec. [1]
- June 16
- At Old Slaughter's Coffee House in Saint Martin's Lane, London, England, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is formed. [1673.27]
- (month unknown)
- The Renazzo chondrite meteorite (type CR) falls in Italy. [523.92]
- September 26
- Kapiolani defies Pele (Hawaiian volcano goddess) and lives. [1]
- October 4
- Mexico becomes a republic. [1]
- November 15
- Series of fires kills ten (Edinburgh, Scotland). [1]
- December 9
- Battle of Ayacucho (Candorcangui), Peru defeats Spain. [1]
- December 16
- Great North Holland Canal opens. [1]
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